A review of the resistome within the digestive tract of livestockOA

Antimicrobials have been widely used to prevent and treat infectious diseases and promote growth in food-production animals. However, the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance poses a huge threat to public and animal health, especial y in less developed countries where food-producing animals often intermingle with humans. To limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance from food-production animals to humans and the environment, it is essential to have a comprehensive knowledge of the role of th...     

Effect of protease supplementation on apparent ileal crude protein and amino acid digestibility of over-processed soybean meals in broilersOA

Background: Nutritional value of proteins in feed ingredients can be negatively affected by hydrothermal processing, which causes large variation in the bioavailability of amino acids(AA) and negatively affects animal productive performance. Supplementation of exogenous proteases could increase the rate of digestion of damaged proteins, thereby increasing overall AA digestibility and bioavailability. The aim was to determine the effect of exogenous protease supplementation on the apparent ileal ...     

Dietary resistant starch ameliorating lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation inmeat ducks associated with the alteration in gut microbiome and glucagon-like peptide 1 signalingOA

Background: Consumption of resistant starch(RS) has been associated with various intestinal and systemic health benefits, but knowledge of its effects on intestinal health and inflammatory response in stressed birds is limited.Here, we examined how dietary RS supplementation from 12% raw potato starch(RPS) modulated inflammatory severity induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in meat ducks.Results: LPS administration at 14, 16, and 18 d(chronic challenge) decreased body weight(BW) and glucagon-like ...     

Higher Tolerance of Min Pigs Under Cold Stress: An Assessment from Reproduction Perspective

Raising Min pigs(MPs) in northern China is challenging, because of harsh environmental conditions in winter. There is a hypothesis that MPs can tolerate cold stress better than Large White pigs(LWPs) and their oocyte competence is particularly protected. Over a period of 3 years, multiple cohorts of MPs and LWPs under different environmental conditions were studied in this paper. Follistatin(FST) serum level was used as a marker for swine oocyte competence. Oocytes were collected from the swine ...     

在十六届国际养蜂业会议上有关蜜蜂生物学问题的报告(摘要)

在第16届國际养蜂業会議有关蜜蜂生物学部份中以K.傅瑞史宣讀的报告最引入注意。报告的題目为“太陽是蜜蜂确定方向的指南針”。作者在报告中提出了下述的試驗。中午將观察用的蜂箱放子該蜂群不熟悉的地方。然后將蜜蜂自該箱中移至离箱門西面200米处,并以有顏色的漆在蜂上做上記号。到傍晚做上記号的蜜蜂已从上述地点將飼料     

猪传染性胃肠炎和流行性腹泻

传染性胃肠炎(简称TGE)和流行性腹泻(简称ED)构成猪的一组腹泻综合症。如传入其中的一种病,大批猪均可被感染而发生腹泻。现在,兽医师们根据猪场发病的临床鉴定,往往称这类综合症为“病毒性腹泻”,他们用于诊断这类病的暂定准则为:(1)病的传播为全群性的;(2)各龄猪均能感染;(3)水样下泻。其它如埃希氏大肠杆菌性毒血症和猪痢疾所引起的腹泻病,本文不予讨论。     

肉鸡腹水症

危害快速生长幼龄肉鸡的腹水综合症(ascites syndrome)已成为肉鸡饲养业世界性的严重问题。本病主要表现为腹腔内积聚大量血清样液体。由于许多因素可引起腹腔积液,因此这种异常仅是一种症状,而不是特异性的疾病。该症于1946年首次报道于美国,当时是雏火鸡发生腹水症。随后,腹水症便很快成为一些高海拔(>1500米)国家养鸡业的常见问题,如南美、墨西哥和南非,有时腹水症引起的死亡率高达30％。因此,有人认为腹水症与高海拔有关,而把它称作“高海拔病”(alti-     

应用FP（荧光标记）技术 检测家禽的SE和ST感染

确定感染禽群是努力防止肠炎沙门氏菌(SE)经蛋源传播给人的一个关键步骤。本实验中．从肠炎沙门氏菌(SE)和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(ST)的多糖中分离的脂多糖作为抗原，建立FP方法和含SE鞭毛抗原的ELISA方法来检测卵黄样本中的特异抗体。在两个实验中每组SPF蛋鸡经口腔接种10^6或10^8CFU的SE(噬菌体型为13a)或10^8的ST。在接种后5周内采集禽蛋，各组的大多数禽蛋样本都用FP方法和ELISA进行特异抗体的检测。结果表明：尽管特异性的不足限制了抗体检测数据的使用，FP方法相对于传统的血清学方法更为简单和快速。     

太乐菌素在鸡体内的药物动力学

具有高效,不易产生抗药性的新抗菌素已广泛在机械化养禽业的兽医实践中成为防治鸡病的重要措施之一,太乐菌素就是其中之一种。它在治疗传染病时疗效良好,例如火鸡的窦炎。在养禽业农场获得两种太乐菌素,一种是,另一种是美国和匈牙利生产的。     

五日龄窝活仔数对窝断奶仔猪数及仔猪成活率的影响

1992年以来,通过对丹麦长白猪及约克夏猪的总产仔数进行选育,使这一性状得到了显著的增长,但同时仔猪死亡率也大大增加。本研究的目标是估算出窝产仔数及成活率遗传和表型参数来寻找一种新的选育标准以改善窝断奶仔猪数。研究共收集了9300窝长白猪及6861窝约克夏猪的数据并利用了基于线性模型的REML进行分析,包括了母猪和与配公猪的遗传效应。结果表明,5日龄窝活仔数（N5D）的选育可以作为改善丹麦长白猪和丹麦约克夏猪的窝断奶仔猪数及仔猪成活率替代选育标准。