Dynamic analysis and optimization of gear trains in a megawatt level wind turbine

Through coupling vibration analysis of the transmission system of a 1.5 MW wind turbine gearbox, a torsional vibration model of a gear drive system in wind turbines is established. The fourth order Runge Kutta integration method is applied to calculate the dynamic response of a gear system caused by wind loads, time varying meshing stiffness, and system damping. The harmonic balance method is used to find the analytic solution. Based on the solution, a mathematical model for optimum gear system design is established. The model aims at minimizing the vibration acceleration of the planet gear and the total mass of the gear transmission system. The optimization toolbox in MATLAB program is adopted to obtain the optimal solution. A calculated example shows that the primary natural frequency of the gear system has been raised, the dynamic properties of the gear train have been improved remarkably, and the total mass of the gear train has been decreased.     

Numerical analysis on the performance of spiral antennas

The surfaces of the Planar Spiral Antennas and Conical Spiral Antennas are analyzed with planar triangle. The surface currents of the antennas are solved by using the Method of Moment (MoM) based on the RWG basis function. The input impedance, directivity, gain, radiated power and radiation field of the antenna can be found. The results indicate that, in very wide frequency band, the value of the input impedance equals to the theoretical value of Self-Compensated antennas (in agreement with Babinet-booker' principle), which is,188.5 ohm , the half of the wave impedance of free space, while the directivity, gain and radiated power are stable within the frequency band. When the antenna is driven by the signal of derivative Gaussian pulse, the radiating electric field waveform is obtained by the Fourier transform. When the spiral antenna is used as the pulse radiation antenna, the waveform of the radiation electric field shows the characteristics of the Gaussian quadratic differential.     

Numerical analysis of noise radiation from motorcycle engine shell

FEM/BEM (Finite Element Method/Boundary Element Method) mode analysis of the noise radiation from motorcycle engine shell is conducted. The natural frequency is compared between FEM/BEM analysis and experimental analysis. The FEM/BEM results are agreed with the experiment results, which proves that the finite element model is correct. The frequency response is analyzed and the structure’s noise radiation is simulated by means of FEM/BEM, in order to predict the noise radiation from the motorcycle engine shell and gain the sound field characteristic outside the structure. The calculation data is compared with the experiment data in different frequency bands. The result shows high accordance, which indicates that this method is effective.     

Site selection for a measuring and controlling device of initial phase based on maximum elevation angle

We introduced a site selection method based on the modified maximum elevation angle intended for mountains possibly affecting the measurement and control of the initial phase in a launching port located in mountainous areas. To use the former analysis results, the method, along the helices whose center is the launcher's project point, analyze each point's visibility on the helices. The visible area can be obtained by comparing the visibility at each moment in the initial phase. Finally, there can be three points in the above visible area with distances longer than required.     

Dynamic simulation of and experimentation with tracked vehicle hydrostatic steering characteristics of zero differential systems of a power shift steering transmission

This research investigated problems influencing tracked vehicles steering dynamic characteristics, such as rolling resistance during straight driving, steering centrifugal resistance, acceleration resistance during straight driving, scratching soil resistance of steering. Based on research about the relationship between the hydraulic steering regulation speed system and its maximum stable work pressure when vehicles have central steering on good roads (such as cement and rural roads), a zero differential hydraulic steering system of power shift steering transmission can ensure that vehicles maintain straight ahead stability through reasonably matching a steering drive system. The test indicates that vehicles have good dynamic characteristics when the work pressure accounted for 60% to 80% of the security work pressure.     

An edge detection method based on a good point set genetic algorithm

In order to improve the convergence rate of genetic algorithms based on edge detection, a novel edge detection method based on a good point set genetic algorithm (GGA) was proposed. The proposed method designed the crossover operation with the theory of good point set in which the progeny inherits the common genes of the parents which represent its family so as to improve the convergence rate of the genetic algorithm. Furthermore, before the algorithm was used for edge detection, the feature space of the image grey level was transformed into the feature space of the fuzzy entropy. Dissimilarity enhancement processing next was applied to the image by using a fuzzy entropy theory to filter the non edge pixels so as to reduce the scale of the solution domain. This approach offered another efficient way to improve the convergence rate. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm performs very well in terms of convergence rate. The detected edge image is well localized, thin, and robustly resistant to noise.     

植烟土壤肥力因子与根际微生物数量的相关性

检测了四川省凉山州会理烟区土壤肥力及根际微生物数量,研究了两者之间的相关关系.利用多因子及互作项逐步回归方法得到肥力因子与微生物数量的回归方程.偏相关和通径分析结果表明:在烟草的团棵期,碱解氮与速效钾的正互作效应以及有效磷与pH的正互作效应与细菌数量呈正相关;旺长期,细菌数量与pH无显著相关性,与碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质的含量均呈显著相关;成熟期,碱解氮与细菌数量呈显著正相关.团棵期,有效磷与pH的正互作效应以及有机质与pH的正互作效应与真菌含量呈正相关;成熟期,碱解氮与真菌含量呈显著正相关性.不同时期的放线菌含量与有机质、pH以及有效磷具有相关性.说明在烟草的不同生长期,各种微生物数量与肥力因子的关系各不相同;同一生长期,不同种微生物量与肥力因子的关系也有很大差异.     

Robust adaptive control for nonlinear chaotic systems

Tracking control of a nonlinear uncertain Chua's chaotic system is studied. With coordinate transform, Chua's chaotic system is transformed to a general form of a strict feedback control system. Combining the backstepping method with robust control technology, an adaptive parameter control law for a robust output feedback control scheme is developed for output tracking of nonlinear unknown systems. It is shown that the derived robust adaptive controller based on Lyapunov stability theory can guarantee global uniformly bounded ultimate property for all states of the closed loop system, and lead to tracking error decreasing at exponential speed. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究吡唑醚菌酯在人参根、茎、叶和土壤中的残留动态及最终残留量

【目的】明确在人参生长期施用250 g·L-1吡唑醚菌酯乳油在人参根、茎、叶和土壤中的残留动态及最终残留量.【方法】样品经丙酮提取,N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)固相萃取柱净化后,用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测.【结果和结论】施药剂量为666.67 g·hm-2(以有效成分计)时,吡唑醚菌酯在人参根、茎、叶和土壤中的降解半衰期为6.35~8.75 d.施药剂量为333.33~666.67 g·hm-2时,施药后60 d吡唑醚菌酯在人参根、茎、叶和土壤中的最终残留量低于0.020 6 mg·kg-1,因此建议施用250 g·L-1吡唑醚菌酯乳油时,施药剂量不高于666.67 g·hm-2,施药1次,安全间隔期为35 d.     

我国全民健身志愿服务现状及发展策略研究*

利用文献资料、经验总结和逻辑分析等研究方法对我国近年来的全民健身志愿服务活动进行全面总结与梳理。结果表明：全民健身志愿服务活动有效促成了群众体育发展的社会化,成为全民健身的重要纽带与桥梁;多种形式与内容丰富的全民健身志愿服务活动带动了社会力量参与到群众体育发展中,科学健身与全民健身深入人心;单一化的志愿服务人群、间断性的活动开展、匮乏的群众体育健身实施、注重城市与农村滞后等问题也同时出现。建议坚持以人为本,全民参与的服务宗旨,加大宣传力度,拓宽志愿服务群体,建立有效的常态志愿服务机制,依托高校体育专业与地方体育管理机构实施全民健身的可持续化与深入化。