温度与水分对煎茶氧气消耗的影响

在贮藏过程中,为防止茶叶的变质,除了控制温度与水分之外,还可以进行充氮。作者等(1)曾试验了温度、水分及氧气对煎茶贮藏的影响,探明了氧气对煎茶香气和滋味的影响较大,所以,包装茶的变质程度受客器内氧气浓度的支配。可是,用塑料薄膜包装的茶叶,特别在玄米茶和粗老茶的贮存中,容器显著缩小。虽可认为容器内的氧气为茶叶所消耗了,但其详细情况不清楚。于是,在温度与含水量变化的条件下,测定了煎茶耗氧     

海洋深层水在日本水产养殖中的应用

介绍了海洋深层水的资源特性以及日本利用海洋深层水在热带鱼养殖、海藻培育、鱼病预防等方面取得的一系列研究成果,提出了我国今后研究开发海洋深层水的方向。     

鸡大肠杆菌菌苗的制备

对北京市郊区某鸡场疑似大肠杆菌病的病死鸡进行细菌的分离培养，生化试验，血清型鉴定，并进行雏鸡的攻毒试验，挑选出毒力强的菌株作为种子，大量培养，经灭活，安全试验后制成自家菌苗，然后进行效力试验，该菌苗的保护率达９６％，认为自制自家菌苗的效果尚令人满意。     

充分利用龙溪垦区自然资源开创凤梨生产新局面

凤梨是我国南方重要的亚热带水果,鲜果味香,甜酸可口,制成罐头能保持鲜果风味.销路广,需要量大.我省龙溪垦区气候温和,雨量充沛,有大量丘陵山坡地适合凤梨生长.而且栽培容(?),经济效益大.因此,发展凤梨生产基地大有可为.但几年来由于管理粗放,没有坚持高标准,品种退化,造成单产低、总产少、品质下降,市场上鲜果短缺,无法满足供应,发挥不出应有的经济效益.因此,今后凤梨生产要     

天星桥小流域水土流失治理生态效益初析

对赤水河流域天星桥小流域实施的水土保持生态环境建设工程进行了生态效益的监测分析。结果表明：进行水土流失治理使该小流域内水土流失得到了明显的控制,提高了森林覆盖率,改善了生态环境,并且改善了流域内农户的生活、生产条件,提高了农民收入。     

沟道土地整治对不同植被覆盖流域CN值的影响

[目的] 探究黄土丘陵沟壑区沟道土地整治后流域径流曲线数的变化规律,寻求合适的产流参数,为该区沟道土地整治工程安全和巩固生态建设成果提供科学支撑。[方法] 基于流域实体比尺模型分析不同植被覆盖条件下沟道土地整治对流域径流曲线数的影响。[结果] 同一植被覆盖度下,流域径流曲线数随着整治比例的增大而减小;与未整治流域相比,整治比例为20%时的流域径流曲线数减小了6.77;就分段整治比例而言,流域径流曲线数的减小速率随着整治比例的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,整治比例由0.5%增大至5%时减小速率最大;不同植被覆盖度下,流域径流曲线数均随着整治比例的增大而减小,植被覆盖度为50%时沟道土地整治后流域径流曲线数的减小速率最大;植被覆盖度对沟道土地整治区域的径流曲线数影响显著,同一整治比例下,植被覆盖度每增大1%,沟道土地整治区域的径流曲线数减小0.22。[结论] 沟道土地整治可以改变流域下垫面,对径流曲线数影响显著。     

三赞胶-乙基纤维素基包膜缓释肥的制备及特性研究

为将具有生物安全性的三赞胶引至农业领域中,在三赞胶中添加三偏磷酸钠,优化三赞胶性能,并对三赞胶进行流变学、物性及微观表征分析,以此为基础配合乙基纤维素,制备一种三赞胶-乙基纤维素双层包膜缓释肥,并以静水浸提法和土壤淋溶法验证肥料的缓释特性。确定在三赞胶中添加三偏磷酸钠的比例为10∶1,该添加比例的三赞胶溶液粘度提高7.5%,并且所制备的薄膜拉伸强度降低32.6%,断裂伸长率提高110.8%,分析表明三偏磷酸钠与三赞胶之间可能形成交联结构。三赞胶-乙基纤维素包膜肥的初期浸提释放率为10.9%,并且与未包膜相比,双层包膜肥的土壤模拟淋溶释放率分别降低45.72%(N)、72.40%(P)和76.97%(K)。结果表明,这种双层包膜肥可以有效降低肥料的营养释放速度,为肥料提供保护与缓释效果,并在一定程度上降低乙基纤维素包膜肥的生产成本及环境影响。三赞胶-乙基纤维素双层包膜缓释肥的成功制备,为缓释肥的生产提供新材料,表明三赞胶在农业领域中可能具有广阔的应用前景。     

海岛棉品系海1无腺体性状的遗传——Ⅱ.陆地棉遗传背景的近等…

研究了显性无腺体基因在３种不同的遗传背景上对棉花农艺性状的影响。结果表明：显性无侏体基因对棉花的产量、纤维长度和种仁营养品质等主要性状均无明显影响。但皮棉产量有下降，纤维长度有伸长的趋势。     

基于PAQ 的室内空气品质控制目标实验研究

室内空气品质控制目标的合理确定是解决当前多组分低浓度室内空气污染问题和营造健康舒适室内空气环境的重要前提.针对人体代谢污染和建材饰材散发污染的联合暴露条件,通过暴露实验且针对我国受试人员研究了可感受的室内空气品质的控制目标;其中,空气品质的可接受性和气味强度由受试人员投票得到.研究结果发现,未适应者与适应者对室内空气品质控制目标的要求具有显著差别.为使80%和90%的未适应者达到满意,CO2体积分数要求分别为0.11%和0.06%,TVOC质量浓度要求分别为243 μg/m3和76 μg/m3,每人所需要的新风量指标分别为6.6 L/s和19.5 L/s;同时,为使80%和90%的适应者达到满意,CO2体积分数要求分别为0.209%和0.098%,TVOC质量浓度要求分别为583 μg/m3和228 μg/m3,每人所需新风量指标分别为0.5 L/s和14.1 L/s.     

Effects of Compound Bacteria Preparation on Fermentation Quality and Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of Phragmites australis Silage北大核心CSCD

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of compound bacteria preparation (including homogeneous Lactobacillus/heterogeneous Lactobacillus, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger as well as their compatibility) on nutrient composition, fermentation quality and rumen fermentation characteristics of Phragmites australis silage. Taking growing Phragmites australis from Dongting lake as silage material, five groups were set up, which were blank group (CK group), lactic acid bacteria group (LA group, supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus buchneri), lactic acid bacteria+Bacillus subtilis group (LA+BS group), lactic acid bacteria+Aspergillus niger group (LA+AN group) and lactic acid bacteria+Bacillus subtilis+Aspergillus niger group (LA+BS+AN group), and each group had 3 replicates. The supplemental level of lactic acid bacteria was 1.5×108 CFU/kg silage raw materials, and the supplemental levels of Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis were 1.0×108 CFU/kg silage raw materials (all were based on fresh weight of silage raw materials). After 60 days of silage, the nutrient composition and fermentation quality of Phragmites australis silage were determined, and the rumen fermentation characteristics were evaluated by in vitro fermentation and in vivo degradation. The results showed as follows: 1) the contents of dry matter and ash in LA, LA+BS and LA+AN groups were significantly lower than those in CK group (P<0.05), and the crude protein content in LA+BS, LA+AN and LA+BS+AN groups was significantly higher than that in CK and LA groups (P<0.05). 2) The silage sensory evaluation scores of all groups were 60 to 70 points, and the ratings were good. The comprehensive scores of fermentation quality in LA+BS and LA+AN groups were higher, among which, the ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio, acetic acid content and acetic acid to total acid ratio in LA+AN group were significantly decreased compared with CK group (P<0.05), while the lactic acid content and lactic acid to total acid ratio were significantly increased compared with CK group (P<0.05). 3) The dry matter disappearance rate and total gas production of in vitro fermentation in LA+AN group were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05), and in vitro fermentation parameters such as volatile fatty acid contents in fermentation liquid were improved. 4) The rumen fermentation dry matter degradation rate in LA+AN and LA+BS+AN groups at 8, 24 and 48 h was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the combined application of lactic acid bacteria and Aspergillus niger with supplemental levels in this experiment has the best effect on the quality of Phragmites australis silage and rumen fermentation characteristics. © The Author(s) 2023.