长效尿素肥效及施用技术研究

等N量条件下，长效尿素普通尿素平均增产5．4％－24．5％，增产幅度与施N水平呈负相关关系，小麦适宜施N量135－180kg/hm^2，玉米适宜施N量300－375kg/hm^2，平均节约N肥25％，适宜施N水平下长效尿素，比等N量普通尿素提高N素利用率16．5％－62．9％。提高千粒重是增产的主要因素。     

近52年潮州市日照时数的气候变化规律

为了研究潮州市日照时数变化对本区域内的作物生长、作物品质和作物产量的影响,利用潮州市气象观测站1960-2011年逐月的日照时数资料进行统计分析,采用气候倾向率、距平百分率、滑动t检验、小波分析等方法来分析52年来潮州市日照时数的变化规律。结果表明,近52年来潮州市日照时数在20世纪60年代和90年代到21世纪初偏多,80年代左右偏少;日照时数变化最大的季节为秋季,最小的是夏季;突变检验显示,20世纪90年代日照时数出现了突发性的上升,突变点出现在1994年,21世纪初开始又出现了明显的下降,突变点出现在2004年;通过对全年和季节日照时数的周期分析,在比较显著的时间尺度上日照时数目前处于偏多的时期。     

黄河三角洲中度盐碱地冬小麦-夏谷子轮作高产种植技术

针对黄河三角洲地区光热资源利用率低,种植结构单一,中轻度盐碱地土壤有机质含量低等问题,提出了基于秸秆还田的中轻度盐碱地冬小麦-夏谷子轮作高产栽培模式。通过小麦、谷子秸秆全量还田的方式提高盐碱地有机质含量;通过耐盐碱小麦品种和沟播的栽培方式,改善了盐碱地小麦群体不足和后期早衰的问题;适宜早熟杂交谷子品种宽泛的适播期,可以抢墒播种或雨后播种,减少了谷子播前造墒对灌溉淡水的依赖。综合技术对充分利用黄河三角洲的光热资源,改良盐碱地和丰富当地种植结构具有一定的指导意义,并具有良好的发展前景。     

栽培大豆×半野生大豆高密度遗传图谱构建及株高QTL定位

采用中SNP160K芯片对丰收24×通交83-611 F2群体252个植株及其亲本进行基因分型,构建了一张由5861个SNP标记组成的全长为3661.46 cM的高密度遗传连锁图谱。利用完备区间作图法(ICIM)定位到7个株高QTL,每个QTL可解释2.56%～10.41%的株高变异。qPH-6-1具有最高的表型变异贡献率和显性效应,可解释10.41%的株高变异,加性效应和显性效应分别为–1.72和18.94; qPH-18-1贡献率次之,可解释9.64%的株高变异,但具有最高的加性效应,达-12.42。在F2群体中筛选出11个qPH-6-1和qPH-18-1基因型为Q6Q6/Q18Q18的单株,平均株高167.00 cm;筛选出16个基因型为q6q6/q18q18的植株,平均株高为91.25 cm。在qPH-18-1定位区间内外增加23个SNP标记,将定位区间由766.97kb缩小至66.03kb,包含8个基因,结合基因注释和相对表达量差异分析,推测Glyma.18G279800和Glyma.18G280200可能与大豆的株高相关。本研究为大豆株型的改良提供了分子参考依据和遗传基础。     

亚高温对番茄果实品质的影响及外源物质缓解作用研究

以‘毛粉802’、‘春秀A6’和‘铁甲美果’3个番茄品种为材料,探讨夏季33~38℃的亚高温对番茄叶片中色素和番茄果实品质的影响,并探索外源物质（硼和亚精胺）对亚高温效应的缓解作用。结果表明：亚高温可使番茄叶片的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素的含量下降;果实中的蛋白质、Vc、可溶性糖、酸含量升高,并改变糖酸比。综合硼、亚精胺及两者的混合处理结果,认为50 mmol/L的亚精胺处理作用较好,并认为‘铁甲美果’的硬果型番茄对亚高温的反应幅度较小。     

Study on Intelligent Displaying Mechanism of Control Fissure of Perilous Rock

Perilous rock is a kind of typical disaster and characterized by multitudinous structural planes; when the disaster happens, only one of the planes is the control fissue and the others are secondary. In this paper, the authors have done some attempts for     

A Matlab Based Numerical Simulation Analysis of Shore Stress in Vacuum Plate Glass

A numerical simulation method, the node method, and single, multi-triangle progression were used to analyze the shore stress field of vacuum plate glass. By optimizing the shore distribution, the points of greatest and least stress in vacuum plate glass were determined. The distributions of greatest stress in vacuum plate glass were calculated using MATLAB. These calculations can provide numerical foundations for accurately analyzing the shore stress and flexibility of vacuum plate glass. The result shows that the greatest stress exists in the end surface of every shore, and the maximal stress is in the second shore at four-square sides, then follows the shore of next row. The theoretical calculations correspond to the software analysis results.     

Landfill Leachate Treatment by Cavitating Water Jets

Cavitating water jets were used to degrade complicated organic compounds sampled from landfill leachate from a sanitary landfill in Chongqing, P. R. China. The law of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the impact of factors such as pumping pressure, confining pressure, cavitating time and pH were evaluated in the experiment. We concluded that a cavitating water jet can degrade complicated organic compounds. Cavitating water jets therefore can improve biological oxygen demand (BOD)5/COD. The optimal cavitating condition was also obtained: at a pH 9.0, confining pressure 0.6MPa, cavitating time 90mins and pumping pressure 10MPa,the COD, BOD5 and BOD5/COD increase to 124.8%, 293.3% and 52.44% respectively. Chromaticity decreases while SS increase to 191.5%. These changes create good conditions for subsequent treatment.     

A cusp catastrophe model study of destabilization of soft sandwich rock slope

A slope geomechanical model was proposed based on the destabilization characteristics of soft sandwich rock slopes. Based on an analysis of the effects of internal external factors on slope stability, the cusp catastrophe model of slopes can be employed to analyze and predict the necessary conditions leading to slope catastrophes. During the processing of the mass and energy exchange with the external, this may lead to the change of controlling variables. Slides or quick or slow creeping thus may take place due to environmental complexity. This work helps deepen understanding of the formation of landslides and makes feasible the applcation of the catastrophe model to slope destabilization investigations.     

Corrosion behavior and mechanism of AZ40magnesium alloy in simulated sea water

Tafel polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were employed to investigate the corrosion behavior of AZ40 magnesium alloy in simulated sea water. The surface morphology of the alloy during exposure was observed with an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The pH variation of bulk solution during corrosion was recorded. The results show that the major corrosin forms of AZ40 magnesium alloy in simulated sea water were characterized by pitting and filliform corrosion. The corrosion occurs spontanesously. The insovable corrosion products, which precip it ate on the alloy surface were characterized by porsity and hetorogeneity, indicating that these products can not prerent further alloy corrosion. Therefore, the corrosion of AZ40 magnesium alloy spreads rapidly and the alloy surface is destroyed severely during short exposure period. 