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141.
近53 a云南东部春季旱涝及其环流距平波列影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于年度春季降水,用旋转经验正交函数(REOF)方法,将云南省划分为3个降水气候区,分析了近53 a云南东部春季旱涝基本特征,选取帕默尔干旱指数(PDSI)对春季旱涝进行评估。小波分析发现,云南东部春季旱涝存在准14 a周期,并可分为3个时期:1958-1980年干旱期,1981-2000年偏涝期,2000年以后干旱期。对云南东部涝(旱)年合成分析显示,大尺度背景高度场、风场和温度场的距平场都存在2列并行的纬向波列。在涝年,500 hPa位势高度距平纬向波动为高纬度正距平,中纬度负距平,显示云南上空的低值系统活跃。风场距平波列性质为中高纬度负距平,中低纬正距平,显示南支槽水汽输送的速度与量值的强盛。700 hPa温度场距平波列为高纬正距平,中纬负距平,显示云南温度偏冷,与低纬度副高控制的海洋暖湿气团形成系统性锋区,有利于云南东部降水。在旱年,则2列并行纬向距平波列各要素性质正好相反。此外,青藏高原上游风速受山脉西南侧地形阻挡发生向南折射,涝年风速强,旱年风速弱,直接促发和影响南支槽的强弱。上游风速与南支槽强度具有正比关系。降水关键系统昆明准静止锋在背景纬向波列环境中,涝年比旱年出现频次高,维持时间长。 相似文献
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Based on the stochastic medium theory, influence on the surrounding rock and soil by tunnel excavation was studied. formula for predicting movement and deformation of rock and soil mass caused by tunnelling were deduced. And especially for the tunnel with circular arch section, half analytic solution for this problem was put forward. Furthermore, a program was developed to compute the movement and deformation of the rock and soil mass resulted from excavation. The deformation failure criterion of stochastic medium for estimating the surroundings safety was provided and was applied in an engineering example, which proved that the results of the research were reasonable and significant for the tunnel safety construction. 相似文献
147.
Microstructure and macro performance of Ultra Low Ion Permeability Cementitious Materials (ULIPCM) were investigated by Micro hardness, MIP and SEM EDXA. It was shown that the compressive strength of ULIPCM was more than 80 MPa, flexural strength was more than 11.0 MPa, and elastic modulus was in the range of 38.0 to 42.0 GPa at the age of 28 days; chloride diffusion coefficient was lower than 0.8×10-13m2·s-1, conductive charge for 6 hours was lower than 300 coulombs; sulfate attack resistance was good; shrinkage at the age of 28 days was lower than 400×10-6. Compared with ordinary concrete with which thickness of interfacial transition zone is 60 to 100 μm, the thickness of interfacial transition zone of ULIPCM was lower than 30 μm. Penetration paths of corrosive medium were effectively interrupted in ULIPCM. And pore structure parameters, such as porosity and the most probable pore radius of ULIPCM, were also obviously optimized in ULIPCM. Besides, few CH crystals were in the ULIPCM aggregate and the interfacial transition zone of ULIPCM. And the orientation of CH crystals was poor. 相似文献
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We design a third Hilbert fractal antenna for partial discharge (PD) monitoring in gas insulated substations (GIS) based on fractal principles, and analyze the Hilbert antenna impedance characteristics using an equivalent inductance method of parallel transmission lines. The PD experiment of metal protrusion defect is conducted employing fractal and microstrip antennae. The test results show that the characteristic of the Hilbert fractal antenna has good performance and can detect the PD signal for online monitoring in GIS. A portable online monitoring and locating system for GIS is established using the Hilbert fractal antenna and LabVIEW. The locating accuracy of the PD source in the laboratory meets the requirements of the PD site location. 相似文献
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Based on an analysis of the characteristics of reactive power supplies and reactive loads, this paper presents a method for forming a lossless reactive network using an equivalent technique of modeling the branch admittance as a reactive power supply and the branch power loss as a virtual load. A downstream distribution matrix for a power system is constructed based on its reactive lossless network, and the analytical model and its algorithm for tracing reactive power flow (TRPF) is proposed. A method dealing with the abnormal downstream distribution matrix of active power flow also is discussed. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the matrix theory is used to analyze the TRPF model directly and no assumption on the flow distribution is needed. Case studies of the IEEE14 Bus and IEEE30 Bus systems demonstrate the accuracy and the validity of the proposed method. 相似文献