基于流场特性的液力缓速器叶栅角度优化设计

为了提高液力缓速器制动转矩系数,对液力缓速器内湍流流动进行了三维瞬态多相流数值模拟。通过对其内流场特性分析,发现液力缓速器工作流道的壁面脱离现象以及弦面内产生的涡旋区不利于恒定制动转矩的输出。针对这一问题,考虑到液力缓速器各结构参数之间的相关性,对多参数共同作用的内流场进行数值分析,优化叶栅参数。结果表明,通过分析多参数共同作用的流场来优化缓速器叶栅参数的方法比较合理;对液力缓速器叶片前倾角和叶片前缘倒角进行优化后,叶轮流道内存在的涡团和流动分离现象基本消失,制动转矩系数提高6%。     

Plastic upper bound theory reliability analysis of coal gangue hills

We established the plasticity limit analysis reliability limit state equation and the reliability calculating formula for gangue hills using the JC method. This work was based on the plasticity mechanics limit analysis upper bound theory and traditional slice methods. A reliability index of gangue hill stability was derived using this equation. It was found that the safety coefficient of gangue hills derived by the limit state equation risks failure if the variability of cohesion and internal friction angle are not considered. When the variability of the strength parameters rises, the reliability theory more consistently projects practicality than the limit state equation for gangue hill stability assessment.     

Dynamic analysis and optimization of gear trains in a megawatt level wind turbine

Through coupling vibration analysis of the transmission system of a 1.5 MW wind turbine gearbox, a torsional vibration model of a gear drive system in wind turbines is established. The fourth order Runge Kutta integration method is applied to calculate the dynamic response of a gear system caused by wind loads, time varying meshing stiffness, and system damping. The harmonic balance method is used to find the analytic solution. Based on the solution, a mathematical model for optimum gear system design is established. The model aims at minimizing the vibration acceleration of the planet gear and the total mass of the gear transmission system. The optimization toolbox in MATLAB program is adopted to obtain the optimal solution. A calculated example shows that the primary natural frequency of the gear system has been raised, the dynamic properties of the gear train have been improved remarkably, and the total mass of the gear train has been decreased.     

contact stress and steady thermal analysis of herringbone gears in a gas turbine

To obtain the distribution characteristic of contact stress and the bulk temperature on the surface of herringbone gears, parameter modeling of gears was carried out by parametric design language. A numerical simulation was given to calculate the contact stress field and the steady thermal field by combining heat transfer theory, tribology theory, and mesh theory. The distribution of contact stress, the bulk temperature and heat flux also were analyzed. The analysis results show that the distribution of the load along the contact line possesses regularity. The heat flux along the tooth depth direction decreases first and then increases. The effect of thermal conduction of the tooth is stronger than that of convective heat transfer. The conclusion indicates that the finite element emulation method can be used to estimate the transmission performance of herringbone gears.     

Agouti基因及其与动物毛色关系的研究进展

动物特别是毛皮动物,毛纤维颜色丰富多彩,其主要由遗传基因调控,在众多的调控基因中,Agouti基因是一个重要的功能基因。论文重点综述了Agouti基因结构及其在人、小鼠、家养普通动物和毛皮动物毛色方面的研究现状,旨在为动物毛色选育提供参考依据。     

基于GF集理论的五自由度混联机器人构型综合

基于GF集理论提出了一种简单而有效的混联机器人构型综合方法。首先阐述了GF集的基本概念、运算法则及转动特征存在条件。其次通过分析混联机构结构组成特点,提出了基于GF集元素组合和转动轴线迁移定理安排混联机构拓扑结构的方法,建立了混联机构数综合方程并给出了混联机构构型综合的具体步骤。基于该构型综合理论,综合出了具有确定运动特征的3T2R混联机构。针对综合出的混联机构,提出了一种混联机构末端运动特征的分析方法,运用该方法分析了一种综合得到的3PRPaRRR混联机构,证明了该构型理论的正确性。设计出的3PRPaRRR混联机构具有结构紧凑、定位精确、高速等优点,同时给出了实例应用。     

板栗激光划口机设计

将激光切割技术应用于板栗的划口生产工艺,设计了一种板栗划口机。该机主要由振动给料器、“V”字形板栗定位及输送带、电动机传动系统、激光发生器、激光反射和聚焦镜、控制面板等组成。板栗激光划口和爆壳试验表明：划口板栗的爆壳率随着激光功率的增加而提高,随着板栗输送速度的提高而降低;当激光功率为80W,板栗输送速度为0.12m/s（即每秒划3～4个板栗）时,划口板栗的爆壳率在98%以上,划口质量最好。     

冬小麦叶绿素含量高光谱检测技术

以大田冬小麦叶绿素含量为研究对象,首先利用高光谱成像系统以线扫描方式获取其反射光谱图像,选择感兴趣区域（ROI）并计算出光谱平均反射率值;然后分别针对其原始光谱和一阶差分光谱,通过相关分析和逐步回归分析,得到能反映叶绿素含量变化的7个最佳优化波长;进而基于该优化波长采用多元线性回归（MLR）方法组建模型,通过假设检验剔除对模型贡献不显著的3个波长变量。选用剩余的4个波长即710.85、767.42、650和520nm作为自变量重新建立模型,基于校正集和预测集模型的决定系数R2分别为0.8434和0.7093。研究结果表明,利用高光谱技术检测大田冬小麦叶绿素含量的方法是可行的。     

S形贯流泵装置多工况过流部件水力性能分析

为深入研究S形轴伸贯流泵装置过流部件的水力性能,采用CFD技术对泵装置进行了多工况全流道的数值计算,分析了泵装置各过流部件的水力性能,重点阐述了3种特征工况(小流量工况KQ=0.368、最优工况KQ=0.490、大流量工况KQ=0.613)时转轮叶片表面的静压分布、摩擦力线、各轴向弦长位置的轴向速度分布以及导叶体内部流态和回收环量效果。结果表明:在轮缘侧的叶片压力面静压值较大,在轮毂侧的叶片吸力面的静压值较大,轮缘侧较小,且随着展向位置Span值的增大,压力面与吸力面的压差呈现出逐渐递增趋势。在最优工况时,从导叶体进口至出口,导叶体的静压值逐渐增大。随流量的减小,导叶体的回收环量比CH先减小后增大。在最优工况KQ=0.490时,回收环量比CH最小,其值仅为0.031。针对该泵装置进行了同尺寸的物理模型试验,获得了泵装置的综合特性曲线,在叶片安放角-2°时,新型S形轴伸贯流泵装置的最高效率达83.55%,此时流量系数KQ=0.443,扬程系数KH=0.828。通过物理模型试验结果对泵装置外特性预测结果进行了验证,对比分析结果表明数值模拟是可信的。     

基于TDT原理的灌木水分传感器探头设计与实验

根据时域传输TDT法,设计了灌木茎体含水率测量装置。装置由高频信号源、同轴传输线、缠绕式探头及相位比较电路4部分组成。高频电磁波在不同介质中的传播速度不同,表现为在不同介质中的传播相位不同,而含水灌木介电常数的大小主要取决于其含水率的大小,因此通过测量电磁波在同轴电缆上A和缠绕于灌木茎体上探头B的相位差来获取灌木的含水率。选择吸水棉棒来模拟不同含水率的灌木,研究高频信号源工作频率、探头结构对相位差的影响。实验表明,当探针长度为60 cm,信号源频率为50 MHz和100 MHz时,A、B两路电磁波信号的相位差与棉棒吸水率变化呈单调性,且具有良好的相关性。