中国压砂田的发展与意义

压砂田是一种具有综合效能的旱作覆盖技术,是适应干旱半干旱地区气候、地理、土壤条件的产物,具有明显改良和调节农田小环境的功效．介绍我国压砂田的起源、地理历史背景和发展历程．分析宁夏压砂田的发展现状、前景与策略．     

对奢侈品消费的心理分析与探讨

快速发展的中国经济造就了一批新富阶层,而他们又引导了国内最近2年轰轰烈烈的奢侈消费风潮,形成中国庞大的奢侈品消费市场。在这个以勤俭节约为美德,视奢侈为浪费的国度里,奢侈品消费行为有何特征,本文通过对比分析中外奢侈品消费的差别,探讨在中国如何引导理性的奢侈品消费。     

羊肚菌营养袋制作原料的化学成分分析及配方优化

为优化羊肚菌营养袋的原料组成与配比,以食药用菌栽培基质中常用的4种秸秆及谷壳、麦粒、麦麸,通过主成分分析归纳各原料的营养组成属性,设计出9个营养袋配方进行栽培试验,比较出菇产量,得出高产营养袋原料组合为谷壳和麦粒;再以谷壳与麦粒按11种不同的重量比混合制成营养袋进行栽培试验,综合考量制作成本、出菇产量、经济效益等因素后,最终得到高产高效的羊肚菌营养袋配方(重量比)为谷壳19%、麦粒79%、石灰1%、石膏1%。     

小麦光敏不育系皖901S研究初报

皖９０１５是安徽省农科院作物研究所发现并育成的一个新型光敏感型雄性不育系。该材料在合肥地区（Ｎ３１°５１°）短日低温条件下表现为全不育，在长日温暖条件下表现正常可育。在小麦正常发育的温度范围内，其育性转换过程随光周期的变化而发生，光周期对育性的影响远大于温度的影响。与其他类型雄性不育材料比较，皖９０１Ｓ通过长日条件下自交更易保持，且短日条件下育性表现稳定，雄性败育彻底，并能为大多数普通小麦品种所恢复。皖９０１Ｓ的两系杂种Ｆ１代优势明显，它的育成为小麦杂种优势利用开辟了一条新途径。     

用H103大孔吸附树脂提取赤霉素A3的初步研究

研究了用大孔吸附树脂从赤霉素溶液中提取ＧＡ３,包括吸附剂、洗脱剂的筛选及操作过程中条件的选择等。结果表明,Ｈ１０３大孔树脂（干）对ＧＡ３的静态和动态吸附量分别达１．３５×１０４和９．３５×１０４μｇ／ｇ（溶液浓度２０００μｇ／ｍＬ）,静态吸附等温线属Ｌａｎｇｍｉｕｒ型。最适吸附ｐＨ为２．０～３．０,一定浓度的盐有利于吸附。静态吸附时间１～２ｈ,树脂投加量以６％为宜。丙酮为最佳解吸剂。在放大试验中,吸附率达９８．２％,解吸率为９５．３２％,结晶收率９４．８５％,总收率８８．７８％。     

冬小麦冬灌、秸秆覆盖、后期喷生长剂的节水增产效果的研究

试验证明,适时冬灌比早春灌,具有良好的防旱防冻、促根壮蘖增穗作用;小麦越冬期秸秆覆盖能保墒和提高土壤水分的调节能力,为当季小麦生长和套播玉米创造适宜的土壤水分条件;于小麦孕穗和灌浆期喷翠竹生长剂,其增粒增重作用显著。采取冬灌、越冬秸秆覆盖和孕穗、灌浆期喷生长剂等配套措施,可实现保墒与节水相结合,壮苗促蘖增穗与增粒增重的统一,节水增产效果显著。     

Seasonal response of soil enzyme activity to thinning intensity of aerial seeded Pinus tabulaeformis stands

Aerial seeding is one of the most important vegetation restoration patterns in remote hilly areas, and studies concerning soil quality and its management have practical value. In 2000, a study of the effect of thinning intensities at five different treatments levels, 0 (CK), 30% (slight thinning), 48.75% (medium thinning), 53.75% (intense thinning) and 65.6% (super intense thinning) on soil enzyme activity was carried out on 9-year-old aerial seeded Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) stands with an initial density of 8000 trees/hm², in the Wang-jiapu Aerail Seeding Center, Yanqing County, Beijing. Five years later, the activities of five kinds of soil enzymes, soil urease, alkaline phosphatase, inertase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase in the first 20 cm of soil layer were compared during four seasons. Relationships among soil enzymes and soil physiochemical properties were also analyzed to examine the possibility of using soil enzymes to evaluate thinning intensities. The results showed that the maximum enzyme activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase occurred in June, those of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase occurred in October, and soil invetase had its maximum in April. In addition, the five soil enzymes were affected differently by thinning intensities. Soil catalase, urease and invertase showed the highest response to a slight thinning, followed by medium thinning, which is the opposite experienced with polyphenol oxidase and alkaline phosphatase. There are statistically significant and positive relationships between soil enzymes and organic matter and available K. It should be noted that soil water was a limiting factor to soil enzyme activity. Compared with soil physicochemical characteristics, soil enzymes were more sensitive to levels of thinning intensities. Among the enzymes, soil alkaline phosphatase and catalase could be regarded as indicators to assess soil quality. It is concluded that a suitable thinning intensity benefits the development of undergrowth and soil enzymes. Generally, when the stand with initial density of 8000 trees/hm² grows up to nine years old, the most suitable thinning intensity should be about 50%. __________ Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2008, 30(2): 82–88 [译自: 北京林业大学学报]