基于物联网的日光温室低温灾害监测预警技术及应用

为减少冬春季由于大风强降温、连阴天造成的低温灾害对日光温室生产造成的影响,该文介绍利用物联网技术,集成开发一套包括日光温室小气候与生态环境监测网络、数据实时采集与无线传输、低温灾害监测与预警发布、远程加温控制于一体的技术方法。该方法通过构建具有统一入口的分布式信息管理系统,实现对不同传感器生产厂家设备的兼容及多个监测站的组网;以嵌入式GIS组件库作为开发平台,使数据接收软件有较强的空间显示与分析功能。基于对典型日光温室小气候观测数据与作物生长临界指标,利用逐步回归及神经网络建模,获得土围护和砖维护结构日光温室低温预警指标。利用手机短信、电子显示屏、网站等多媒体发布低温预警服务,并采用远程智能控制方式实现对温室定时加温。该项技术有效地解决了天津地区日光温室低温灾害监测和预警需要,提高设施农业园区管理水平和应对灾害能力。     

厚皮甜瓜新品种‘中甜2号’

 ‘中甜2号’是适合我国西部露地及东部地区保护地栽培的厚皮甜瓜。果实发育期30～35 d,椭圆形果, 平均单果质量1.5～2.5 kg, 果皮金黄, 果肉浅红色, 中心可溶性固形物含量14.0% ～17.0% ,果肉具哈密瓜风味。     

Effects of warming and increased precipitation on soil carbon mineralization in an Inner Mongolian grassland after 6?years of treatments

Understanding the responses of soil C mineralization to climate change is critical for evaluating soil C cycling in future climatic scenarios. Here, we took advantage of a multifactor experiment to investigate the individual and combined effects of experimental warming and increased precipitation on soil C mineralization and ¹³C and ¹⁵N natural abundances at two soil depths (0–10 and 10–20?cm) in a semiarid Inner Mongolian grassland since April 2005. For each soil sample, we calculated potentially mineralizable organic C (C ₀) from cumulative CO₂-C evolved as indicators for labile organic C. The experimental warming significantly decreased soil C mineralization and C ₀ at the 10–20-cm depth (P?<?0.05). Increased precipitation, however, significantly increased soil pH, NO ₃ ^? -N content, soil C mineralization, and C ₀ at the 0–10-cm depth and moisture and NO ₃ ^? -N content at the 10–20-cm depth (all P?<?0.05), while significantly decreased exchangeable NH ₄ ⁺ -N content and ¹³C natural abundances at the two depths (both P?<?0.05). There were significant warming and increased precipitation interactions on soil C mineralization and C ₀, indicating that multifactor interactions should be taken into account in future climatic scenarios. Significantly negative correlations were found between soil C mineralization, C ₀, and ¹³C natural abundances across the treatments (both P?<?0.05), implying more plant-derived C input into the soils under increased precipitation. Overall, our results showed that experimental warming and increased precipitation exerted different influences on soil C mineralization, which may have significant implications for C cycling in response to climate change in semiarid and arid regions.     

鳗弧菌注射对栉孔扇贝免疫活性的影响

测定了鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)注射对栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)胞内活性氧(ROS)含量和过氧化氢酶(CAT)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性的影响。结果表明,在注射后5、24、48和72h各免疫指标都有明显变化;胞内ROS含量在24、48和72h明显升高,且均高于对照组,形成抛物线趋势,在48h达到最高;血清中CAT活性均有升高趋势;肝脏中ACP活性在24、48和72h与注射生理盐水组相比明显升高;栉孔扇贝体内ALP活性有明显升高的趋势,且在注射后24h活性达到最高,而后有所下降。结果表明,鳗弧菌对栉孔扇贝免疫系统有明显的刺激作用。     

基于MaxEnt和ArcGIS的宽叶酢浆草潜在地理分布分析

为探究我国检疫性有害生物——宽叶酢浆草Oxalis latifolia在世界范围内的潜在分布情况,通过建立MaxEnt模型并结合ArcGIS软件,对宽叶酢浆草在历史气候和未来气候2个情景下的潜在适生区进行预测,并分析影响其分布的关键气候因素。结果表明,宽叶酢浆草的适生区在世界范围内呈现以沿海向内地发展的趋势,在全球除南极洲外的大洲均有不同程度分布;在我国多分布在南方海拔偏高地区以及南部和东南部沿海地区。在未来气候变化下,宽叶酢浆草的全球适生区范围无明显变化,存在中、高适生区向低适生区转变的趋势。宽叶酢浆草在我国的适生区总面积于未来气候条件下有所降低,特别是在SSP126气候情景下即温室气体排放量较低的情景下。分析结果显示,影响宽叶酢浆草潜在地理分布的关键气候因子是温度季节性变化标准差,其次是最暖季度平均温度。     

猪伪狂犬病的防控及净化措施

猪伪狂犬病是目前规模化生猪养殖生产中一种危害较为严重且难以防控的疫病,该病在临床生产中传染性强,死亡率高,且易形成隐性感染,很难将病原彻底清除,给生猪养殖业带来很大的经济损失.本文在猪伪狂犬病原相关生物学特性的基础上,根据猪伪狂犬病的临床症状及病理变化,对该病进行系统诊断及流行情况分析,并根据实际生产情况提出了针对性的...     

光皮树果实生长发育及其脂肪酸积累研究

对光皮树果实大小、鲜干重、含水率、含油率及脂肪酸组成进行了研究,结果表明：光皮树果实在整个发育过程呈现“S”曲线变化,果实含油率最大可达到34．23％。果实发育初期含水率最高,而在果实发育后期主要是干物质的积累,含水率较低。在光皮树果实油中,硬脂酸含量最低,维持在2％左右,油酸亚油酸含量最高,不饱和脂肪酸含量在70％以上。整个发育过程,棕榈酸的含量一直降低,导致饱和脂肪酸的含量变化也是递减的。     

湖南林业知识产权事业现状与建议

分析了湖南林业知识产权事业的现状、面临的发展机遇,并就未来的发展提出了一些建议.     

Numerical simulation of lahar in Changbai Mountain region

Lahar is one of most serious volcanic disaster, threats people’s lives and property security of volcanic region. The numerical simulation result can predict the characteristics of lahar, provide reference materials for making disaster prevention plan, and make the measure of lahar disaster relief transition from passive to active. Selected the area near the Tianchi as the research region, and divided the research region into forming region, circulation region and accumulation region. In order to establish the calculation model, divided the circulation region and accumulation region into many meshes, which are small enough to meet the calculation accuracy. The calculation time step length is also identified very small as 0.001 min. Calculated the average and peak velocity of lahar, triggered by the assuming medium and small eruption of Tianchi volcano, through the Delft 3D software. The longitudinal variation of lahar frontal average and peak velocity is acquired by the numerical simulation result. The time to area inundation by lahar, triggered by medium eruption, is obtained by calculation. The lateral variation of lahar depth at each cross-section is simulated. Although there is some different between the assumption of this research and the actual condition, flow velocity and accumulation situation of lahar are calculated in quantity and extension by numerical simulation, these result has reference value for preventing and reducing lahar disaster.     

视频监控系统在智能粮库建设中的应用

阐述了视频监控系统在仓储管理及安全生产中的作用,并就如何将视频监控系统与智能化粮库建设有机结合提出了建设性意见,重点阐述了系统在仓储日常管理、出入库作业、智能气调和通风、安全保障等方面的应用。