基于相似理论的谷物干燥过程经验模型

根据谷物干燥过程的相关影响因素,采用量纲分析方法推导出谷物干燥过程相似准则.利用实验方法确定了该相似准则的具体函数关系,建立了干燥过程的相似型经验公式.通过实验验证,该模型预测值与实测值的最大相对误差为2.8%,最小相对误差只有0.7%,可以较准确地预测分析一定参数范围内谷物含水率.     

小麦秸秆还田机粉碎装置性能影响因素试验与优化

利用设计的秸秆还田机粉碎装置进行了粉碎试验。以壳体包角、喂入速度、动定刀间隙为试验因素,秸秆的粉碎质量、粉碎功耗为试验指标,建立了粉碎质量和粉碎功耗的数学模型。随着喂入速度、壳体包角的增加和动定刀间隙的减小,粉碎功耗增大,粉碎质量提高。利用回归方程和主目标法,进行了参数的优化设计,结果为:粉碎室包角为70°、喂入速度为46.5m/s、动定刀间隙为10mm。     

车辆电动转向系统的卡尔曼滤波模糊PID控制

通过对车辆动力转向系统的动力学分析,建立了动态数学模型。为了克服单独使用PID控制和模糊控制时的问题,提高控制系统的响应速度,减小超调量,减小稳态误差,设计了模糊控制和PID控制相结合的多模态控制器,实现了分段控制;并由卡尔曼滤波对控制信号进行滤波处理,减小路面随机干扰和传感器测量噪声的影响,从而进一步提高了控制效果。仿真和试验结果表明,该控制方法能够明显改善控制性能。     

罗平万峰山市级自然保护区保护价值评价

万峰山自然保护区地处地貌发育典型的喀斯特地区,是我国滇东喀斯特山地森林的重要组成部分,也是滇东地区重要的物种基因库。本文在对保护区内现有野生动植物资源进行分析的基础上,从典型性、稀有性、脆弱性、多样性、感染力、面积适宜性、潜在价值、科研价值等方面对保护区的保护价值进行了综合评价分析,认为保护区形成了具有代表性的喀斯特山地森林生态系统,区内的森林生态系统对保护喀斯特地区极其脆弱的生态环境及保护生物多样性具有十分重要的意义。     

Integration of meta-QTL discovery with omics:Towards a molecular breeding platform for improving wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global wheat disease that devastates wheat production. Resistance to FHB spread within a wheat spike (type II resistance) and to...     

Progress in Isoindolone Alkaloid Derivatives from Marine Microorganism: Pharmacology,Preparation, and Mechanism

Compound 1 (SMTP-7, also FGFC1), an isoindolone alkaloid from marine fungi Starchbotrys longispora FG216 and fungi Stachybotrys microspora IFO 30018, possessed diverse bioactivities such as thrombolysis, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, and so on. It may be widely used for the treatment of various diseases, including cerebral infarction, stroke, ischemia/reperfusion damage, acute kidney injury, etc. Especially in cerebral infarction, compound 1 could reduce hemorrhagic transformation along with thrombolytic therapy, as the traditional therapies are accompanied with bleeding risks. In the latest studies, compound 1 selectively inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells with EGFR mutation, thus demonstrating its excellent anti-cancer activity. Herein, we summarized pharmacological activities, preparation of staplabin congeners—especially compound 1—and the mechanism of compound 1, with potential therapeutic applications.     

分子标记及其在标记辅助选择中的应用

运用分子标记来进行标记辅助选择,已经成为当今家畜育种的一种趋势。笔者对目前常见的几种分子标记进行了简要介绍,并就分子标记在标记辅助选择中的应用,特别就分子标记在标记辅助选择中分子标记图谱的构建、分子标记的筛选、QTL定位和与分子标记的连锁分析3个方面的应用作了较详尽的综述。     

Secondary Metabolites and Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Analysis of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent-Derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO ZS0520

Streptomyces sp. SCSIO ZS0520 is a deep-sea hydrothermal vent-derived actinomycete. Our previous metabolism investigation showed that Streptomyces sp. SCSIO ZS0520 is a producer of cytotoxic actinopyrones. Here, another four types of secondary metabolites were identified, including six salinomycin isomers (2–7), the macrolide elaiophylin (8), the triterpene N-acetyl-aminobacteriohopanetriol (9), and the pyrone minipyrone (10). Among them, compounds 2–6 and 10 are new compounds. To understand the biosynthetic pathway of these compounds, a bioinformatic analysis of the whole genome was carried out, which identified 34 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. Next, the biosynthetic pathways responsive to four types of products were deduced on the basis of gene function predictions and structure information. Taken together, these findings prove the metabolite potential of ZS0520 and lay the foundations to solve the remaining biosynthetic issues in four types of marine natural products.     

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Marine-Derived Alkaloids via Enzymatic Reactions

Alkaloids are a large and structurally diverse group of marine-derived natural products. Most marine-derived alkaloids are biologically active and show promising applications in modern (agro)chemical, pharmaceutical, and fine chemical industries. Different approaches have been established to access these marine-derived alkaloids. Among these employed methods, biotechnological approaches, namely, (chemo)enzymatic synthesis, have significant potential for playing a central role in alkaloid production on an industrial scale. In this review, we discuss research progress on marine-derived alkaloid synthesis via enzymatic reactions and note the advantages and disadvantages of their applications for industrial production, as well as green chemistry for marine natural product research.     

亚麻籽胶对面团流变性质的影响及其在面条加工中的应用

该文重点研究了添加亚麻籽胶对面粉的粉质特性、面团的流变性质以及面条品质的影响。粉质特性的结果表明,添加亚麻籽胶使面团的吸水率增加,面团的形成时间和稳定时间延长,弱化度降低,使面团的稳定性更好。动态流变性质和超微结构的显微观察表明,添加亚麻籽胶后,亚麻籽胶的网络结构加固了面筋蛋白的网络结构,因而面团的稳定时间和粘弹性均能提高。质构分析的结果表明,添加亚麻籽胶使面条烹煮后的硬度和咀嚼度提高,并具有较好的弹性和拉伸性能,面条的烹煮损失和面汤浊度降低,因而亚麻籽胶可用于面制品中以改善其食用品质。