现代技术在剑麻育种上的应用前景

本文阐述目前栽培剑麻的主要类型及其特点,总结了国内外剑麻选育种的概况及经验。从常规育种、基因工程育种方面评述了剑麻育种研究进展,分析了影响剑麻选育种工作快速进展的几个主要因素。根据剑麻本身遗传特点以及育种工作中存在的问题,提出了剑麻近远期育种目标及今后育种工作的主要方向和途径。     

大兴安岭水湿地兴安落叶松蒸腾作用及其应用的研究

通过研究水湿兴安落叶松蒸腾速率在时间和树冠空间上的变化以及环境，树龄等对其的影响，估出水湿地兴安落叶松的蒸腾耗量，从而为研究水湿地生态环境的变化及其改造利用所采用的工程和生物措施提供一定的理论依据。     

中国农业硫信息系统探讨

在中文WINDOWS98平台上 ,以MAPGIS为基础操作平台 ,利用VisualBasic编程语言和MAPGIS提供的控件和API函数结合Access数据库软件开发了中国农业硫信息系统。根据已有数据材料和生产实践需要 ,系统开发了五个应用模块 ,分为土壤硫状况、作物硫营养、硫肥效应、土壤硫平衡、更新与设置。该系统能为农业技术推广、化肥生产销售部门以及农业科研部门提供一个土壤硫、植物硫营养和硫肥有效使用等信息管理工具     

Natural Polypropionates in 1999–2020: An Overview of Chemical and Biological Diversity

Natural polypropionates (PPs) are a large subgroup of polyketides with diverse structural features and bioactivities. Most of the PPs are discovered from marine organisms including mollusks, fungi and actinomycetes, while some of them are also isolated from terrestrial resources. An increasing number of studies about PPs have been carried out in the past two decades and an updated review is needed. In this current review, we summarize the chemical structures and biological activities of 164 natural PPs reported in 67 research papers from 1999 to 2020. The isolation, structural features and bioactivities of these PPs are discussed in detail. The chemical diversity, bioactive diversity, biodiversity and the relationship between chemical classes and the bioactivities are also concluded.     

梁平柚矮化砧木的筛选

供试柚品种为梁平柚,砧木为枳、香橙、宜昌橙和酒饼簕、以酸柚砧为对照。1983年秋嫁接,1984年秋定植。7年观察结果表明,酒饼簕、宜昌橙、枳对梁平柚有矮化作用,其中以酒饼簕最明显。枳砧梁平柚定植后第2年(1986年),有1/3的植株试花,第3年全部开花,结果最多的一株达8个;香橙、宜昌橙、酸柚砧(对照)梁平柚定植后第3年试花;酒饼簕砧梁平柚第5年试花。枳砧梁平柚树高、树冠体积、枝条电阻值、枝条节间长度等均明显低于对照。初步认为,枳是梁平柚比较理想的矮化砧木。     

日本养鳟研究发展史述评及我国养鳟研究方向问题浅析

本文系统地追述了日本从欧美引进鳟鱼人工产孵技术和虹鳟鱼发眼卵进行养鳟研究和生产事业的成功经验,探讨了我国养鳟研究的方向问题,提出了我国养鳟研究的奋斗目标。     

中国剑麻加工机械的现状与展望——以湛江地区为例

阐述中国剑麻初加工机械和深加工机械及相关标准制定的现状,分析其存在的主要问题,探讨剑麻加工机械的发展方向,提出发展建议。     

Thioester-Containing Benzoate Derivatives with α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Talaromyces indigoticus FS688

Eurothiocins C–H (1–6), six unusual thioester-containing benzoate derivatives, were isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus Talaromyces indigoticus FS688 together with a known analogue eurothiocin A (7). Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis and the absolute configurations were determined by X-ray diffraction and ECD calculations. In addition, compound 1 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with an IC₅₀ value of 5.4 μM, while compounds 4 and 5 showed moderate effects with IC₅₀ values of 33.6 and 72.1 μM, respectively. A preliminary structure–activity relationship is discussed and a docking analysis was performed.     

QTL mapping and gene mining to identify genes on soybean (Glycine max) associated with NopB of Sinorhizobium fredii HH103

Soybean is a special crop that can utilize N₂ in the air via symbioses with Rhizobium spp. The formation of effective nodules is a complex process in which nodulation outer proteins (Nops) are determinants of establishment of a symbiotic relationship. We constructed a Sinorhizobium fredii HH103ΩnopB mutant. A nodulation test showed that the mutant had a negative effect on the Suinong14, ZYD00006, Dongnong594 and Charleston soybean lines. Recombinant inbred soybean lines were independently inoculated with the mutant and wild‐type strains, and five and four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified by analysing the nodule number (NN) and nodule dry weight (NDW), respectively. We chose one QTL that overlapped with other studies and a novel QTL identified in our study and selected six candidate genes for further analysis. The qRT‐PCR analysis showed that only changes in Glyma.17G166200 expression depended on NopB. Further analysis showed that Glyma.17G166200 encoded a protein with a D‐glucose‐binding domain and a serine‐threonine/tyrosine protein kinase catalytic domain that was involved in the abscisic acid (ABA) pathway.