一起经营、加工病死动物案的查处

本文对一起经营、加工病死动物案的案件来源、调查经过及结果、案件移交、处理结果进行了梳理,认定本案性质较为严重,总体上违法事实清楚,证据确凿,定性准确,处理适当,程序合法。本文从执法主体认定,物证流失,动物卫生监督机构责任规避等作了分析和讨论,认为执法人员应加强法律法规学习,提高监督执法水平,以期为官方兽医办理此类案件提供借鉴。     

Model Optimization of Litter Size and Genetic Analyses of Model Parameters in Sows

According to two properties of the life cycle and to fluctuation with parities, four mathematical models, the Poisson cycle model, the cubic polynomial model, the modified quadratic polynomial model-I and the modified quadratic polynomial model-II, were used to fit the records of litter size in Jiangquhai sows. From the viewpoint of statistics and biological significance, the modified quadratic polynomial model-I was found to be the optimum model. A single trait animal model and DFREML procedures were further used to estimate the heritability values of optimum model parameters. The results show that the heritability values for the coefficients A and B and the heritability value for the acme of the model pure quadric curve are larger than the heritability value for the litter size. This suggests that selection for model parameters may be more effective than direct selection for litter size.     

云环境下作物育种信息化模型研究

在种业体制改革和兼并重组加速推进、行业集中度大幅提升的大背景下,开展育种技术创新、加强资源交流与联合育种是广大中小型育种企业提升核心竞争力的必然选择。为此,首先介绍了国内作物育种信息管理软件的应用现状,对云环境下开展作物育种信息化建设的优势进行了深入分析;接着,以中小型育种企业育种信息化为业务基础,研究云服务模式与作物育种信息管理业务的契合点,提出了云环境下的作物育种信息化模型。模型充分考虑了作物育种信息管理平台在云服务模式下的个性化、一体化及差异性等特点,支持精量播种机、测产测水等农机设备的统一对接平台、面向用户特征的多层次服务提供策略和基于数据挖掘的作物育种决策支持等方案,对广大中小型育种企业、高校科研院所育种团队及专业测试机构等开展信息化建设,实现资源共享、协同育种与联合测试,进而推进现代种业全面均衡发展,具有借鉴意义。     

论中国农民信息素养教育与社会主义新农村建设

通过对中国农民信息素养概念提出的时代背景和内涵的论述,以及对中国农民目前受教育现状和农民信息素养教育存在的不利因素分析,认为中国农民信息素养现状是由于中国教育培养目标主体错位、农村农民教育基础薄弱、组织教育功能弱化等不利因素造成的。明确指出中国社会主义新农村建设重中之重是加强中国农民信息素养教育,提升中国农民信息素养水平;并提出完善农村教育体系,重视农村职业技术教育,构建符合农民特点的信息素养教育模式的相应对策。     

智能移动终端在重大动物疫病防控系统中的应用

根据国家的政策、法规要求和畜牧业的发展前景,阐述了建设重大疫病防控系统的必要性,智能移动终端的功能、主要技术、业务流程应用及成效,介绍了智能移动终端应用的重要性。     

Effects of main cereal type and feed form on production performance,egg quality and egg sanitary indices of laying hens

ABSTRACT

1. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of cereal types (maize or wheat) and feed forms (pelleted or mash feed) on production performance, egg quality and egg sanitary indices in laying hens.

2. Three hundred and sixty hens (Jinghong No. 1) at 18 weeks of age were randomly assigned to four treatments with six replicates of 15 hens per replicate according to a 2 × 2 factorial design with two cereal types (maize or wheat) and two feed forms (pelleted or mash feed).

3. Compared with the wheat-based diet, the maize-based diet improved (P < 0.05) average egg weight of laying hens. Yolk colour of hens fed with the maize-based diet was higher (P < 0.05) in comparison to those fed the wheat-based diet, while Haugh units were lower (P < 0.05) for the maize-based treatment. Egg mass and average daily feed intake of hens fed the pelleted diet were higher (P < 0.05) than of those fed the mash diet. However, the mash diet improved (P < 0.05) yolk colour compared with the pelleted diet. The percentage of dirty eggs for the wheat-based diet was higher (P < 0.05) than for the maize-based diet. The percentage of dirty eggs was higher (P < 0.05) in birds fed the pelleted diet compared with those fed the mash diet. There were interactions (P < 0.05) between cereal type and feed form, with regard to average egg weight and shell thickness.

4. In conclusion, dietary cereal type affected average egg weight, yolk colour and Haugh units in eggs, while feed form influenced egg mass, average daily feed intake and yolk colour.     

呼伦贝尔市农业结构调整最优方案

根据不同区域气候特点和产量水平,运用系统工程理论中的线性规划方法对该市的作物种植结构进行了调整,在种植面积基本不变的情况下,净产值增加了15.3%和17.3%;并在不同的气候区域设计了不同作物种植的最佳组合方案。这对增加农业种植效益和农民收入,有效改善生态环境,保持农业的可持续发展等方面都具有显著的经济、社会和生态效益。     

Quantifying the impacts of human activities on runoff and sediment load changes in a Loess Plateau catchment,China

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Significant changes in the runoff and sediment load have been detected in many catchments of the Loess Plateau. These changes are expected to be influenced by the...     

太行山丘陵区不同龄级栓皮栎人工林养分循环特征

为定量分析植被恢复进程的变化特征,以太行山丘陵区的栓皮栎人工林为研究对象,在样方调查的基础上,对其各器官N、P、Ca 3种营养元素的含量、积累、分配和养分循环变化情况进行研究。结果表明：1）不同植物器官中,营养元素含量差异明显;各龄级中,营养元素含量最多的器官是树叶,树干含量最低;营养元素含量的排序为Ca〉N〉P。2）林地土壤有机质、N和P含量随龄级增加呈明显增长趋势,植被恢复能明显加快土壤肥力的提高。3）20-40 a栓皮栎人工林营养元素积累量为2764.58-3689.38 kg/hm^2,年存留量为89.88-138.17 kg/（hm^2·a）,归还量为229.80-262.06 kg/（hm^2·a）。随龄级增加,营养元素储存总量随之升高,而存留量反而降低;吸收量和归还量呈现先升高后降低的趋势;不同营养元素的储存量、吸收量、归还量和存留量的大小排列次序均为Ca〉N〉P。4）循环系数和周转时间随龄级增加而升高,利用系数则呈现下降趋势;各元素之间Ca的周转时间最长（12.73-16.19a）,利用系数最小。     

土壤初始含水率对优先流的影响简

土壤中优先流的存在会造成肥料利用率降低以及土壤深层甚至地下水污染.为确定土壤初始含水率对优先流的影响,通过室内含大孔隙土柱定水头入渗实验,以长武黑垆土及渭河砂土为研究对象,分析不同土壤初始含水率对优先流的影响.结果表明：1）相同质地,当土壤初始含水率大于其斥水性的峰值含水率时,湿润锋运移深度随着土壤初始含水率的增大而增大,反之湿润锋运移深度随着初始含水率的增加而减少,不同质地土壤湿润锋运移速度随土壤粉粒质量分数升高而减慢;2）累积入渗量受到土壤储水性及斥水性的双重影响,导致与湿润锋的运移趋势并不一致,黑垆土对照CK组及优先流O-C-30组（除7.04％含水率外）累积入渗量随着土壤初始含水率的增大而减小,渭河砂土CK组及O-C-30组均呈现2阶段特征,累积入渗量先随着土壤初始含水率的增加而减少,之后随土壤初始含水率的增加而增加;3）Kostiakov入渗模型能很好地拟合累积入渗量随时间的变化过程,适用于存在优先流的土壤入渗模拟.该研究结果对土壤优先流水分模拟具有一定的指导意义.