鸡白细胞介素-2研究进展

白细胞介素－2（interleukin-2,IL-2)主要是由激活的T淋巴细胞产生的一类重要的细胞因子，具有激活淋巴因子活化的杀伤细胞（LAK）和自然杀伤细胞，刺激T辅助细胞和自然杀伤细胞产生细胞因子和促进细胞因子的繁殖以及刺激γδT细胞在体外生长等功能，因此它是免疫学研究的热点。近年来鸡IL－2基因克隆成功，使鸡IL－2的研究及应用得到一定的发展，同时也使鸡IL－2作为免疫佐剂和构建新型的基因工程疫苗呈现出一定的应用前景，本文主要对鸡IL－2研究取得的进展作一综述。     

小麦新品种鄂恩5号性状表现及栽培要点

小麦新品种鄂恩5号集高产、稳产、多抗、广适于一体,分蘖力较强,成穗率高,穗层整齐,子粒饱满度好,农艺性状稳定,适宜长江中下游平原麦区单作或套作种植,在保证适时播种,密度合适,合理施肥,田间管理到位的条件下可获得高产。     

Advance on Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute,febrile and highly contagious animal disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV),and has been recognized as the most important constraint to international trade in animals and animal products.An outstanding feature for FMDV infection is that the FMDV infected animals may remain as a carrier state,some of the animals exposed to FMDV may have a long term asymptomatic infection.This article will review the advance of FMDV in the following aspects,epidemiology,etiology and pathogenesis.     

Preparation of Adjuvant Diluent for Live Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever and Evaluation of its Immune Effects

The aim of this study was to develop a novel oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion as adjuvant diluents (AD) for live vaccine against classical swine fever (CSF) that could effectively enhance the immune effect of vaccine.The AD was prepared by high-pressure homogenization technique.Formulations and preparation parameters were optimized with response surface design.Its stability, particle size, polydispersity (PDI) and Zeta potential were characterized.The humoral immune response and cellular immune response of the AD were evaluated with BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The particle size of the AD prepared by optimized formulation and parameters was 100.4 nm, PDI was 0.147, and Zeta potential was —28.7 mV.The experiment results showed that the AD had good stability.The AD was inoculated combined with live vaccine against CSF into BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The results showed that the live vaccine against CSF specific immune responses could be evoked in mice by co-inoculation with AD and vaccine.The cellular immune response levels in co-inoculated groups were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), with obvious phenomena of higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-4 in serum.The result revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved with the AD.The results strongly revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved by introducing AD for effective immune-adjuvant for live vaccine against CSF.     

复方板黄口服液对畜禽常见病原菌的体外抑菌作用研究

为了研究板黄口服液对畜禽常见病原菌的体外抑菌作用,研究通过体外试验观察药物对禽巴氏杆菌、鸡葡萄球菌、鸡白痢沙门杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、牛巴氏杆菌、牛大肠杆菌的抑菌效果。结果表明:板黄口服液对鸡葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为125 mg/m L,对牛巴氏杆菌、禽巴氏杆菌、鸡白痢沙门杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、牛大肠杆菌的MIC均为250 mg/m L。说明板黄口服液对禽巴氏杆菌、鸡葡萄球菌、鸡白痢沙门杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、牛巴氏杆菌、牛大肠杆菌有很好的抑制作用。     

改进芳草A系原种产卵性的试验

本试验采取母蛾延迟交配，拆对后冷藏、改变交配时间和产卵室保护温度等技术措施来探讨改善芳草A系原种产卵性的方法。结果表明，这些措施对产卵性能的改进有一定的效应，但由于性状间存在相关关系，对某一性状的促进效应往往同时也对另一产卵性状产生负向影响。     

不同补饲水平对盘江黄牛放牧育肥效果的影响

选用60头盘江黄牛公牛,随机分为4个组(其中3个试验组1个对照组),在放牧情况下分别按每头每日2.0、2.5、3.0、0kg的水平补饲料料,90d的育肥结果表明：补饲组的增重水平和育肥效益,明显优于不补饲组,其中以补饲2.5kg组的效果最好,其日增重达到0.783kg,比对照组的0.231kg提高239%;育肥收入和日均收入分别为218.79元和2.43元,比对照组的145.53元和1.62元增加收入33.6%,表明放牧补饲能提高日增重,缩短养牛时间,增加养牛收。     

奶牛不排卵状况的研究综述

卵泡生长可分为三个阶段：卵泡出现；卵泡的选择优势化与闭锁分离；卵泡排卵。不排卵的情况可分为：①生长卵泡不能生长至“分离期”。原因可能是极度的营养缺乏。②卵泡可生长到“分离期”，但没有达到排卵体积。这方面研究得较多，认为这类牛比正常牛有更强的E2对GnRH／LH的负反馈，在营养不良或吮乳时可引起这类不排卵状况。③卵泡生长的最终体积大于排卵卵泡，这类牛的特征是下丘脑对E2的正反馈作用不敏感；高产奶牛常见。对于第一种情况，关键在于预防，提高育成期的饲管水平。后两种常见的不排卵状况是由于下丘脑对E2反应的敏感性改变；常用增加血液循环中P4的浓度改变GnRH／LH释放的脉冲以协助卵泡最后阶段的生长，或重新建立下丘脑对E2的正反馈来治疗。     

发酵血粉代替豆粕对育肥猪的影响

试验采用单因子试验设计,选用40kg左右的肥育猪40头,随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复2头,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)和用发酵血粉分别替代基础日粮中的豆粕50%(试验Ⅰ组)、75%(试验Ⅱ组)和100%(试验Ⅲ组)等4种试粮,进行60d试验。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的末重与日增重均有显著提高(P<0.05),其中日增重分别提高11.33%和14.34%;与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组料重比显著降低(P<0.05),其它各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。代谢试验表明:与对照组相比,蛋白质的消化率,氮沉积量(g/d)、氮沉积率(g/kgBW0.75)都显著提高(P<0.05)。随着替代的比例增加,经济效益改善呈上升趋势,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组分别比对照组多赢利23.11%和28.29%。     

亚洲璃眼蜱唾液腺一新基因(GP29)的原核表达及产物鉴定

将吸血诱导的亚洲璃眼蜱唾液腺差异表达基因GP29的开放性阅读框插入pGEX-4T-1,转化BL21,表达出一相对质量为53 ku的蛋白,其大小与预计结果一致。蛋白质的肽质量图谱和“1381.7511”肽段序列两方面的结果证明,SDS-PAGE胶板上相对质量为53 ku的蛋白就是由目的基因表达的GST融合蛋白。该蛋白与SwissPROT库中的任何蛋白均有较大差别,可能是一个新功能分子。