脑活素治疗新生大鼠缺血缺氧性脑病机理的研究

7日龄Wister大鼠结扎左侧颈总动脉后吸入氧氮混合气体（8％O2和92％N2）2h,制成缺血缺氧性脑病动物模型,测定大鼠脑组织中丙二醛（MDA）的含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性。结果显示,缺血缺氧后6h,缺血缺氧组MDA含量显著升高,24h达到高峰,以后逐渐下降,96h与对照组比较无统计学差异;缺血缺氧脑活素治疗组MDA含量于缺血缺氧后6h已经显著下降,72h与对照组比较无统计学差异。缺血缺氧组SOD活力值在缺血缺氧后6h已经下降,24h降到最低点,以后逐渐回升,96h与对照组比较无统计学差异;缺血缺氧脑活素治疗组SOD活力值在缺血缺氧后6h明显提高,于缺血缺氧后96h与对照组比较无统计学差异。结果提示,缺血缺氧引起新生大鼠脑组织的氧化-抗氧化系统失衡,氧自由基大量产生,参与了新生大鼠缺血缺氧性脑病脑损伤过程;脑活素能够抑制氧自由基的生成,提高SOD的活力值,对缺血缺氧性脑病具有神经保护作用。     

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonization of pigs sired by different boars

Differences in Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonization were evaluated in experimentally inoculated pigs sired by 3 different boars of the same genetic line. Forty-six pigs were used, including a treatment group and positive and negative control groups. The pigs were intratracheally inoculated with an M. hyopneumoniae suspension or with Friis media as a placebo. To evaluate differences in the magnitude of colonization during a 35-day period, nasal and tracheal swabs were collected weekly and tested by nested polymerase chain reaction (N-PCR). Temperature, weight and circulating antibodies were measured for 35 days. At 11 and 35 d postinoculation the pigs were necropsied and macroscopic and microscopic lesions were determined. A section of bronchus was tested by the indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N-PCR. The N-PCR results from the nasal and tracheal swabs showed that the pigs sired by one boar (B3) had a distinctive colonization pattern, different from that of the pigs from the other 2 boars and from the positive controls. SEM studies demonstrated that at 35 d postinoculation a higher proportion of B3 pigs had lower numbers of mycoplasmas attached to the cilia compared with B1 and B2 offspring. No significant differences were observed in temperature and weight gain among groups by ANOVA; however, with use of a 2 × 2 table, temperature differences were observed between pigs sired by boars B1 and B2 at 4 d postinoculation. No pigs seroconverted, showed gross or microscopic lesions, or had positive IFAT results. These results provide evidence of differences in patterns of colonization between pigs sired by different boars, suggesting a possible genetic effect.     

犬埃立克体实验模型初步研究

将犬埃立克体标准毒株（Florida株）体外细胞纯培养物和我国犬埃立克体病病犬血白细胞分别接种于C3H小鼠，接毒后d，经PCR检测证实均感染成功。本试验为犬埃立克体病小动物模型的建立打下了基础。     

Agronomic traits and RAPD analysis of two mutants derived from rice somatic cell culturing

Genetic variation, including agronomic trait variation, often occurs in somatic cell culturing. In this study, we compared the main agronomic traits of two rice mutants, M3 and M14, which were derived from Shenxiangjing 5 somatic cell culturing. Significant differences were found between the two mutants and the wild rice Shenxiangjing 5 (Table 1). Results were as follows:     

犬瘟热病毒的静水压灭活

以250MPa的静水压力对犬瘟热病毒（CDV）处理30min之后，CDV被灭活，由其制成的灭活疫苗诱导犬产生中和抗体的能力明显优于传统的福尔马林灭活疫苗，免疫保护率达90％。电镜观察显示，经不同程度静水压力处理后的CDV粒子均发生变形，表面呈现凸起，但CDV H基因部分片段的RT－PCR扩增结果揭示，高达510MPa的静水压力作用30min也未能使其基因片段受到破坏。     

Capnographic documentation of nasoesophageal and nasogastric feeding tube placement in dogs

Objective: To evaluate the ability of capnography to document proper placement of nasoesophageal (NE) and nasogastric (NG) feeding tubes. This study was conducted in 3 phases. Phase I of this study was designed in order to test the efficacy of capnography to distinguish placement of a feeding tube in the alimentary tract versus the respiratory tract. Phase II was designed in order to document that carbon dioxide (CO₂) could be measured through a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) feeding tube. Phase III was performed in order to evaluate the technique of continuous monitoring during insertion of the feeding tube into the esophagus and stomach as would be performed during a clinical‐tube placement. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Research laboratory. Animals: 24 adult dogs. Interventions: In Phase I, sedated dogs were instrumented with an intratracheal catheter and an 8 French feeding tube placed nasally into the distal esophagus and later advanced into the stomach. In Phase II, dogs were anesthetized and an 8 French feeding tube was placed down the endotracheal tube, then into the esophagus and later advanced into the stomach. In Phase III, sedated dogs were instrumented with an 8 French feeding tube inserted intranasally and then advanced to the level of the nasopharynx, distal esophagus and, lastly, the stomach. Fluoroscopy was used in order to determine location of the feeding tube. Measurements and main results: Phase I measurements included respiratory rate and CO₂ from the trachea, esophagus, and stomach and pH of gastric fluid sample. Phase II measurements included respiratory rate and CO₂ from the endotracheal tube, feeding tube in the endotracheal tube, feeding tube in the distal esophagus, and feeding tube in the stomach. Phase III data collection included respiratory rate and CO₂ as the tube was passed through the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, esophagus and stomach. Phase I fluid samples were collected from 5 of the 9 dogs and had pH values from 1.68 to 4.20. In both phases, values for the respiratory rate and CO₂ from the esophagus and stomach were 0 ± 0, significantly lower (P < 0.001) than the values from the trachea. In Phase II, there was no significant difference between the respiratory rates (P = 0.886) and CO₂ (P = 0.705) readings obtained from the endotracheal tube compared to readings from the feeding tube in the endotracheal tube. In Phase III, there was a significant difference (P < 0.001) between the respiratory rates and CO₂ readings obtained from the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx when compared to those readings obtained from the esophagus and stomach. Measurement of CO₂ and respiratory rate resulted in a reading of 0 every time the feeding tube was in the esophagus or stomach. Conclusions: Capnography may be used in order to detect airway placement of NE and NG tubes.     

The Application of GIS in Small Watershed Classification in Loess Plateau

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东北虎雌性生殖系统解剖

对 2例 1 999年 1 0月意外死亡的东北虎雌性生殖系统进行了解剖。雌性东北虎的卵巢被覆卵巢囊 ,随着年龄增长卵巢表面凸凹不平 ,呈脑的沟回状。输卵管位于卵巢游离缘外侧 ,呈半圆形围绕着卵巢 ,输卵管壶腹部弯曲、峡部直 ;子宫与输卵管分界明显 ;子宫角长度约相当于子宫体长度的 2倍 ;阴道呈背腹压扁的管状     

施肥对红三叶群落营养元素含量和积累量的影响

本文研究了施肥对红三叶群落地上部和地下部 1 0种营养元素的影响 ,结果如下 :( 1 )从含量看 ,施氮肥后 ,地上部B明显降低 ,地下部B明显升高 ;施磷肥后 ,地上部N、B显著下降 ,地下部K、P、N上升幅度较大。 ( 2 )就积累量而言 ,施氮肥后 ,地上部大多数元素增高 ,地下部多数元素降低或无变化 ;施磷肥后 ,无论地上部还是地下部 ,大多数元素均有所增高     

寄生虫核酸疫苗的研究概况

核酸疫苗是一种将某种保护性抗原的编码基因克隆到真核细胞表达调控序列的质粒中 ,制成 DNA的重组质粒 ,直接给动物注射后质粒 DNA在组织内扩散 ,被宿主细胞摄取 ,随后通过宿主细胞的转录翻译系统 ,表达保护性抗原蛋白 ,在抗原蛋白释放分泌的同时 ,诱导机体发生免疫应答 ,产生对该抗原的保护性免疫 ,以达到治疗和预防疾病的目的。因此核酸疫苗又称基因疫苗 [1]。其包括 DNA疫苗和 RNA疫苗 ,目前研究最多的是 DNA疫苗 ,由于其不需要任何化学载体 ,又称 DNA疫苗。本文就寄生虫核酸疫苗的研究作一综述。1　核酸疫苗的研究概况1 994年 5…