氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚及便秘对后备母猪同期分娩效果的影响

试验旨在研究氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚、便秘对后备母猪同期分娩集中度和生产性能的影响,并进一步探讨母猪同期分娩的最优方案。选取后备母猪共295头,根据妊娠期110 d时P2点处的背膘厚,随机分为3组：对照组（CON组：0.9%生理盐水）、低剂量氯前列醇钠组（LPG组：0.1 mg氯前列醇钠）、高剂量氯前列醇钠组（HPG组：0.2 mg氯前列醇钠）,于妊娠期114 d进行阴户部注射诱导分娩。结果表明,与对照组相比,高、低剂量氯前列醇钠均可显著缩短母猪从注射到分娩的时间间隔（P<0.05）,且两试验组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。但是,LPG组后备母猪在注射氯前列醇钠后48 h内的分娩率高达95%,并且白天分娩率达75.7%。此外,LPG组后备母猪的产仔间隔也显著短于CON组（P<0.05）。同时本研究发现,背膘厚在16~20 mm范围内的后备母猪从注射到分娩的时间间隔显著短于背膘厚≤15 mm的后备母猪（P<0.05）;便秘指数0~1.0组后备母猪的产程和产仔间隔均显著大于便秘指数1.1~2.0组及2.1~3.0组的后备母猪（P<0.05）。进一步回归分析发现,母猪背膘厚分别与产程、总产仔数、活仔数存在极显著线性相关（P<0.01）,母猪便秘指数分别与产程、产仔间隔、总产仔数、活仔数存在极显著线性相关（P<0.01）。综上所述,在妊娠期114 d对后备母猪阴户部注射0.1 mg氯前列醇钠诱导分娩,不仅可显著加快母猪分娩的进程,而且还可大大节约药物成本。此外,母猪产前背膘厚和便秘均会影响母猪同期分娩的效果,应使母猪分娩前保持最佳的背膘厚（16~20 mm）,且避免母猪便秘,方可保证同期分娩的顺利实施。     

猪戊型肝炎病毒ORF3蛋白影响HepG2细胞核黄素代谢的lncRNA-mRNA调控网络的鉴定

为初步鉴定并挖掘出猪戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)ORF3蛋白影响HepG2细胞核黄素代谢信号通路的lncRNA-mRNA调控网络,本试验通过构建腺病毒过表达载体,制备高滴度过表达腺病毒,介导猪 HEV-ORF3在HepG2细胞中实现过表达。Western blotting检测ORF3蛋白过表达成功后,运用lncRNA高通量组学测序,筛选出差异表达的lncRNA并进行靶向差异基因预测,对lncRNA靶向差异基因进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析,初步鉴定出与核黄素代谢信号通路相关的lncRNA-mRNA调控网络。Western blotting结果显示,在约为12 ku处出现目的条带,说明成功实现腺病毒介导猪HEV-ORF3在HepG2细胞中过表达。lncRNA高通量组学测序结果显示,共发现102个显著差异表达lncRNAs表达量上调,80个显著差异表达lncRNAs表达量下调。GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析显示,初步挖掘出lncRNA(MSTRG.13995.2)和lncRNA(MSTRG.1960.1)可能是与核黄素代谢信号通路相关的显著差异表达lncRNA,分别通过顺式调控其靶向基因APC-5和FLAD1来影响核黄素代谢信号通路。本试验初步鉴定出lncRNA(MSTRG.13995.2)-APC5和lncRNA(MSTRG.1960.1)-FLAD1可能是影响HepG2细胞核黄素代谢信号通路的lncRNA-mRNA调控网络。     

MSTN基因编辑牛肌肉转录组测序及生物信息学分析

为探究肌生长抑制素（myostatin,MSTN）基因对牛肌肉发育的具体调控机制,本研究选取同一牛场健康鲁西黄牛10头,其中通过转基因技术得到的基因编辑牛MSTN^-/-和同种非转基因野生型牛各5头。分别采集两组牛腿臀肌肉样品,利用IIlumina HiSeq高通量测序技术进行转录组测序分析,通过生物信息学方法比较两组样本间的差异表达基因,并进行GO和KEGG富集分析,最后利用实时荧光定量PCR验证转录组测序数据。结果显示,基因编辑型牛和野生型牛之间共检测到18 071个基因。在log₂|FoldChange|≥ 1.48条件下,筛选出406个差异表达基因,其中347个显著上调,59个显著下调。GO功能富集分析显示,MSTN基因编辑后显著影响915个功能类别（P<0.05）,差异基因主要参与结合、生物系统调节、免疫系统等相关功能。KEGG通路富集分析结果共涉及211个通路,差异基因主要富集在细胞黏附分子、趋化因子信号通路、细胞因子互作等信号通路上,进一步从中筛选出可能参与细胞生长、肌肉发育的差异基因（CD14、KIT、CSF1R、FBP1、DUSP4、ULBP21、PRKCB、SPN、CHAD、SRC）。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示,所选差异基因表达水平与转录组表达水平一致,证明测序结果的可靠性。本研究结果表明,MSTN基因发挥作用后可以介导多个下游基因表达,从而影响相关信号通路及生物学过程;同时,所筛选出的差异表达基因可作为进一步研究骨骼肌调控机制的候选靶标。     

Green tea polyphenols supplementation alters immunometabolism and oxidative stress in dairy cows with hyperketonemia

Peripartal cows often experience negative energy balance, and are therefore prone to suffering from metabolic diseases such as hyperketonemia, which causes financial losses in dairy farms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplementation during the periparturient period on production performance, oxidative stress and immunometabolism in dairy cows with hyperketonemia. One hundred Holstein cows were assigned to GTP (0.2 g/kg DM; n = 50) or control (without GTP; n = 50) group based on body weight, previous milk yield, and parity on d 15 before expected parturition. Subsequently, 10 cows with hyperketonemia were selected from each group, according to blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration between 1.2 and 2.9 mmol/L from 2 to 3 d postpartum. All cows were fed a close-up diet and a lactation diet with or without GTP supply from 15 d prepartum until 30 d postpartum. Milk and blood samples were obtained from 20 cows selected with hyperketonemia on 10, 20, and 30 d postpartum. Compared with control cows, greater milk yield and lower somatic cell count were observed in GTP cows. The GTP group had lower concentrations of BHBA, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, greater concentrations of glucose, lower activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamyl transpeptidase, alongside greater activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, GTP supplementation up-regulated concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, but down-regulated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-8, and interferon-γ in plasma. Greater concentrations of plasma immunoglobulin G were also detected in the GTP group. Overall, the data suggested that GTP supplementation from 15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum improved the milk yield and health status in cows with hyperketonemia during early lactation.     

珠江三角洲地区生鲜农产品冷链网络化运输技术

文章主要是对我国的珠江三角洲地区的生鲜农产品冷链的物流方式进行探究,结合现在我国的生鲜农产品冷链运输技术的现状和发展前景进行大胆的预测,并提出我国的珠江三角洲地区的生鲜农产品冷链的运输技术的网络化的建议。     

基于HHT变换的PSO-LSSVM耦合模型估算气象资料短缺地区ET_0

为准确估算气象资料短缺地区参考作物腾发量,构建了一种基于HHT变换的PSO-LSSVM耦合模型,并利用新疆和田气象站2000—2009年单日数据做训练、双日数据做验证。结果表明,该模型估算ET0方法明显优于常规的PSO-LSSVM和GRNN,预测精度较二者分别提高了15.7%~85.6%和15.8%~93.7%;该方法预测ET0的气象要素重要性为RsTmaxTminRHWn,利用该方法对气象要素组合为Tmax/Tmin/RH/Wn、Tmax/RH/Wn、Tmin/Wn、Wn条件下的ET0预测,MSE分别为0.407、0.185、0.149、0.135,说明该方法可以很好地估算资料缺失地区ET0。     

大蒜种体入土后的直立栽种条件研究

大蒜种体入土后的直立度控制技术是影响大蒜栽种机栽种质量的关键技术之一。基于国内大蒜栽种农艺要求,将吊篮式移栽机原理作为大蒜栽种机栽植系统设计基础,对大蒜栽种机栽植系统特征参数和成穴参数进行研究,并在ADAMS系统环境下,对大蒜栽种机栽植系统运动轨迹进行模拟和分析,得出大蒜种体入土后的直立栽种条件:1λ1,且机组前进速度不影响λ大小;2大蒜栽植系统形成的种穴满足大蒜直立栽种对种穴参数的要求;3机组前进速度不影响种穴形成。     

Study on Expression Difference of IGFBP-5 Gene in Different Tissues of Kazakh and Yanqi Horses

The study aimed to explore the mRNA expression pattern of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) gene in different tissues of Kazakh and Yanqi horses.The expression of IGFBP-5 gene in different tissues of heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,small intestine,large intestine,cecum,intercostal muscles,longissimus dorsi muscles,brachialis muscle and gluteus in two horses were detected by Real-time quantitative PCR and compared the mRNA expression in the same tissues of two breeds.The results showed that the expression of IGFBP-5 in longissimus dorsi muscle and brachialis muscle of two breeds were significantly higher than other tissues including heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,small intestine,large intestine and cecum (P<0.05),and was the lowest in large intestine.The expression of IGFBP-5 in kidney,small intestine,large intestine,cecum,longissimus dorsi muscle and brachialis muscles of Yanqi horse were higher than in the same part of Kazakh horse,and among those in longissimus dorsi muscle and large intestine of Yanqi horse were extremely significantly higher than in the same part of Kazakh horse (P<0.01),and in small intestine and cecum of Yanqi horse were significantly higher than in the same part of Kazakh horse (P<0.05).The test was for further researching the biological function of IGFBP-5 gene,and it could provide a theoretical basis for genetic improvement of production performance of horse in our country.     

Effect of Vitamin E on Bovine Granulosa Cells Apoptosis and Proliferation through Cx43

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin E on Cx43,the mechanism and function of vitamin E on bovine granulosa cells apoptosis and proliferation.In this study,granulosa cells were isolated from bovine ovary and cultivated in vitro by adding different concentration of vitamin E (0,25,50,100,200 and 500 μmol/L) for 24 h.After cultured,apoptotic cells were detected by FCM,mRNA expression levels of BCL2/BAX、P53 and Cx43 genes were determined by Real-time PCR and cell proliferation was detected by CCK8.The results showed that compared to control group,100 μmol/L vitamin E could significantly inhibit the apoptosis of granulosa cells (P<0.05).Real-time PCR detection results showed that vitamin E significantly changed the mRNA expression levels of BCL2/BAX,P53,Cx43 genes (P<0.05).Vitamin E could significantly improve granulosa cells proliferation when granulosa cells were treated for 24 and 36 h (P<0.05).The results provided a theoretical basis on further analysis for studing the influence mechanism of vitamin E on oocytes development and maturity,and improvement of female animal reproduction by influencing granulosa cells proliferation and apoptosis.     

Analysis on Polymorphisms of Three CNV Regions in Five Pig Breeds

The paper was aimed to investigate the polymorphism of copy number variation (CNV) in different pig breeds.Three CNV regions of CNVR91,CNVR92 and CNVR143 were chosen from the porcine SNP60 chip genotyping results.The polymorphisms of three CNVs were determined by Real-time quantitative PCR method,taking five pig breeds as samples,including Yorkshire pig,Xiang pig,Kele pig,Nuogu pig and Rongchang pig breeds.The results showed that the dominant status of CNVR91 was loss in Xiang pig,while it was normal in other four pig breeds.The major type of CNVR92 was deletion in Xiang pig,Yorkshire pig,Kele pig and Rongchang pig breeds,with a high normal percent in Nuogu pig.For CNVR143,the dominant event was gain in Xiang pig and Nuogu pig breeds,but it was not diverse in other three pig breeds.These results indicated that three CNV regions emerged with polymorphism in five pig breeds,which might have effects on gene expression in CNV regions and physiological function by dosage effect especially in Xiang pig,Nuogu pig and Kele pig breeds.