民族自治区域的民族民俗旅游开发研究——以吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州为例

在国内外研究进展综述的基础上,本文关注了民族自治区域的民族民俗旅游开发的特殊性。本文认为民族自治区域的民俗旅游开发具有旅游资源丰厚,多以一个或两个民族民俗旅游资源为主,地域空间相对较大,政府在民俗旅游发展中起到重要作用,旅游投入不足等特点。在对其特殊性研究的基础上,提出民族自治区域的开发模式。并以延边朝鲜族自治州为实证,对其开发层次、景区类型、地域特色等进行了研究。这对其他民族自治区域的民俗旅游开发有一定的启示和借鉴作用。     

内蒙古河套灌区春小麦高效用水灌溉制度研究

本文以2006年内蒙古河套灌区沙壕渠试验站—春小麦的灌溉试验资料,应用FAO-56双作物系数法计算了不同试验处理的春小麦的实际需水量,研究了需水量与产量,与水分利用效率的关系,并用水分利用效率最大为原则确定了春小麦各种处理的高效用水灌溉制度。     

青岛地区保护地小果型西瓜品种比较

以9个小果型西瓜品种为试材,在青岛地区的日光温室内对其生物学特性、丰产性、抗病性、商品性和品质等主要经济性状进行了比较试验。结果表明:"朝霞"、"蜜兰"和"金帅"的产量分别比对照"黄小玉"高35.0%、31.3%和27.3%,风味好,耐贮藏,果实商品率分别为93.5%、94.1%和94.5%。其中"朝霞"果肉颜色特殊,为橘红色,具备特殊的推广价值;"金帅"黄皮红肉,商品性好;"蜜兰"果肉金黄色,综合性状较好。因此,"朝霞"、"金帅"和"蜜兰"可以在青岛地区重点推广种植。     

苜蓿冰结构蛋白抗冻活性及功能性研究

以"肇东"紫花苜蓿干草为原料,采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液法提取苜蓿冰结构蛋白,研究了温度、pH值、NaCl及蔗糖浓度不同提取因素对苜蓿冰结构蛋白功能的影响。结果表明:苜蓿冰结构蛋白溶液的冰晶体积小、数量多、形状不规则,具有很好的抗冻活性;对苜蓿冰洁构蛋白的功能性进行测定,随着溶液pH值的增加,其溶解指数、持水性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、起泡性与泡沫稳定性都呈现出逐渐增大的趋势;随着NaCl浓度的增加,其起泡性和泡沫稳定性先增加后降低、乳化性和乳化稳定性呈现下降趋势;随着蔗糖浓度的增加,其蛋白起泡性和泡沫稳定性逐渐增加,而乳化性和乳化稳定性影响不大。     

槲皮素对苎麻、涤纶的吸附性能初步研究

本文以生物黄酮配基槲皮素为分散染料,对苎麻分别在77℃乙醇染浴中和在93℃水染浴中进行了染色实验,并与合成纤维涤纶进行对比,为苎麻和涤纶用天然染料进行染色的工艺选择提出了初步方案。结果表明槲皮素是一种理想的环保天然分散染料。     

Factors affecting seed dormancy and germination of Johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.

Seeds of Johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] germinated to higher percentages (20–30% higher) when incubated at 28 and 35° C than at 10 or 22° C. After-ripening was accelerated by dry storage of these seeds at 50°C. Seeds pre-chilled at 6°C for 2–4 weeks followed by incubation at 28°C germinated 40–60%. Light effects on germination were related to incubation temperatures; inhibitory at 22°C; no response at 28°C; and stimulatory at 35°C. Effects of gibberellin A₃ (GA₃) also varied depending on incubation temperature, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) immersion and light conditions. Immersion of dry seeds in either 700 mM NaOCl, 900 mM H₂O₂ or concentrated H₂SO₄ before incubation in water was effective in breaking dormancy. This result suggests the modes of action of H₂SO₄ in the termination of dormancy may be similar to those of NaOCl and H₂SO₄ as previously suggested by Hsiao & Quick (1984), that is by modification or scarification of the hull or seed coat membranes, and also by the supply of additional oxygen to the seed.     

Comparative analysis of proteomic profiles between endometrial caruncular and intercaruncular areas in ewes during the peri-implantation period

The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised intercaruncular areas （IC）. In order to better understand aglandular areas called caruncular （C）, and intensely glandular the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins （DEPs） （P 〈 0.05）, functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies.     

Outbreak of clinical listeriosis in sheep: evaluation from possible contamination routes from feed to raw produce and humans

We report the results of clinical and microbiological investigations on Listeria monocytogenes infections in a flock of 55 sheep and describe the implications for the safety of the raw milk and raw-milk cheeses produced in the on-farm dairy. The outbreak was caused by feeding grass silage, which was contaminated with 5 log10 CFU L. monocytogenes/g. Clinically, although having been fed from the same batch of silage, abortive (nine ewes), encephalitic (one ewe) and septicaemic (four ewes) forms of listeriosis were observed during the outbreak phase. As the starting point of feeding the contaminated silage was known we could calculate an incubation period of 18+/-2 and 26 days for the abortive and the encephalitic form of listeriosis, respectively. Pathologically, the septicaemic cases suffered from Listeria accumulation at comparable numbers in visceral organs but not in the brain. Only a single ewe developed central nervous symptoms and a rhomb-encephalitis was immunohistologically confirmed. In this case the infection proceeded from the nasal mucosa into the brain, with no infections of the liver, spleen and other visceral organs. Sampling of the cheese production chain, the farm environment and the persons living at the farm revealed the exposure of a farm-worker to an isolate genetically indistinguishable from the outbreak clone, obviously through the consumption of faecally contaminated bovine raw milk. The cheese under processing was free of Listeria because, as a result of intensive consultations, the farmer ensured a proper acidification of the cheese. The epidemiological findings suggest that food safety matters should be assessed in any case where infection of food-producing animals with potential human pathogens is observed.     

不同养殖模式下饲喂包被赖氨酸对奶牛生产性能的影响

试验采用随机分组试验设计,选择规模化养殖模式、园区式奶农合作组织养殖模式下的2个奶牛场,每个奶牛场选择80头健康的泌乳奶牛,按照产奶胎次、体重、泌乳阶段和产奶量相近原则随机分为2组,每组40头,就试验组饲粮中添加25 g/(头·d)过瘤胃赖氨酸(RPLys)对奶牛产乳量及乳成分的影响进行研究.试验结果发现,经过饲喂之后,试验组与对照组相比,产奶量有显著提高(P＜0.05).两种模式下乳蛋白和乳脂肪含量均有提高趋势,但是试验组与对照组没有显著差异(P＞0.05).乳糖、非脂乳固体两个指标略有提高,但差异不显著(P＞0.05).规模化和园区式的试验组相对于对照组每天每头奶牛的净增利润分别为1.80元和0.52元.     

中草药饲料添加剂的生产新工艺与应用

中草药饲料添加剂是指以天然中草药的药性(阴、阳、寒、凉、温、热)、药味(辛、酸、甘、咸)和物间关系的传统理论为基础,以现代动物营养学和饲养学理论为指导,并结合生产实际,研制的单一或复合型的添加剂。1中草药饲料添加剂的特点1.1低毒性天然性中草药取自动植物、矿物及其产