Advances on Detection Methods for Residues of Nitrofurans in Food

Nitrofurans are broad-spectrum antibiotics which have been widely used in food animals to the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal infections.Due to abuse of drugs by criminals,animals could produce drug-resistant strains,which reduces the role of antibiotics.Meanwhile,excessive drugs residues in food has carcinogenic,teratogenic and mutagenic effects to the human body.In this paper,the damage and the detection methods of the residues of the nitrofurans in food are surveyed.The main detection methods include high performance liquid chromatography,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,enzyme-linked immunoassay,colloidal gold immunoassay and fluorescence immunity analysis method.The research status of various detection methods are summarized and the suggestions for further research are put forward.It is expected to provide reference for future research.     

田间春播法鉴定小麦新品系冬春性

[目的]鉴定小麦新品系冬春性,为小麦品系选育提供帮助。[方法]通过田间春播法对2015年新选育的21个小麦品系进行冬春性分析。[结果]3个播期相互参考,相互印证,参加鉴定的21个品系,最终判定为1个弱冬性,13个半冬性,4个弱春性,3个春性;冬性类14个,春性类7个,冬性类品系占品系总数的66.7%。[结论]田间春播可以作为小麦冬春性鉴定的有效方法。     

祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉林生物量和净生产力研究

选择祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉林为研究对象,按海拔、坡向、坡度、坡位等设置青海云杉林固定样地共10块,开展青海云杉林生物量和净生产力研究。结果表明:青海云杉林乔木层平均生物量分别为116.19t hm~(-2),平均净生产力为1.36t hm~(-2)a~(-1)。海拔2 800m段是青海云杉林生长的最佳地段,生物量和年净生产力均为最大;从海拔2 800m开始,随着海拔梯度的增加,生物量和净生产力呈降低趋势;海拔3 300m林线处,生物量和净生产力达到最低。青海云杉林生物量及净生产力与林分树高和林龄显著相关(P0.05),与胸径相关性不显著(P0.05)。     

凯特芒果不同叶果比对果实品质和营养元素含量的影响

通过调整叶果比例,研究凯特芒果不同叶果比处理对果实品质和营养元素含量的影响.结果表明:不同叶果比处理对果实品质影响较小,其中糖酸比处理间差异显著,叶果比为30/1的处理与其他处理相比,总酸含量最小、为0.27％,糖酸比和固酸比均达最大值、分别为54.837和68.859;不同叶果比处理对果实中的营养元素N、P、Ca、Mn、B含量有不同程度的影响.总体来说,从不同叶果比对果实品质和营养元素含量的影响来看,凯特芒果的叶果比为30/1时较理想.     

间接免疫荧光染色检测鸭源副黏病毒及在鸭体内的抗原定位

以抗新城疫病毒F蛋白的单克隆抗体为一抗,建立了间接免疫荧光染色法(IFA)检测石蜡切片中鸭副黏病毒(DPMV)的方法。以建立的IFA对DPMV人工感染鸭的各组织器官进行检测,结果显示:各组织器官均能检测到DPMV,但不同时间取样,阳性信号分布的器官不同。脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊、肠道、肝脏、肺脏DPMV的阳性检出率较高,表明这些器官为DPMV的主要靶器官。在所检测的阳性组织中,病毒抗原分布在细胞浆中。IFA检测石蜡切片中的DPMV具有直观、特异性强的优点,是对DPMV进行检测和抗原定位的良好方法。     

Soil organic and inorganic carbon sequestration by consecutive biochar application: Results from a decade field experiment

Biochar addition can expand soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and has potential ability in mitigating climate change. Also, some incubation experiments have shown that biochar can increase soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents. However, there is no direct evidence for this from the field experiment. In order to make up the sparseness of available data resulting from the long‐term effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon fractions, here we detected the contents and stocks of the bulk SIC and SOC fractions based on a 10‐year field experiment of consecutive biochar application in Shandong Province, China. There are three biochar treatments as no‐biochar (control), and biochar application at 4.5 Mg ha^?1 year^?1 (B4.5) and 9.0 Mg ha^?1 year^?1 (B9.0), respectively. The results showed that biochar application significantly enhanced SIC content (3.2%–24.3%), >53 μm particulate organic carbon content (POC, 38.2%–166.2%) and total soil organic carbon content (15.8%–82.2%), compared with the no‐biochar control. However, <53 μm silt–clay‐associated organic carbon (SCOC) content was significantly decreased (14%–27%) under the B9.0 treatment. Our study provides the direct field evidence that SIC contributed to carbon sequestration after the biochar application, and indicates that the applied biochar was allocated mainly in POC fraction. Further, the decreased SCOC and increased microbial biomass carbon contents observed in field suggest that the biochar application might exert a positive priming effect on native soil organic carbon.     

引自国际马铃薯中心的品种资源在青海对晚疫病的田间抗性鉴定

在青海省海拔2000～2500m和2500～3000m两个不同生态区域设置抗性观测圃,调查评价从国际马铃薯中心(CIP)引进的60份资源田间晚疫病抗性,资源D9在整个生育期表现出免疫症状,15个资源表现为高抗,18个资源表现抗病,同时还对晚疫病菌流行生理小种的毒性基因进行动态监测。     

蕨类植物在翠华山的观赏性评价及园林应用

蕨类植物素有"无花之美"之称,具有极高的观赏价值。本文采用模糊数学的方法对翠华山上主要的具有较强观赏性的30种蕨类植物进行观赏性评价,发现在整体观赏性方面,井栏凤尾蕨(0.505)、溪边凤尾蕨(0.498)、条裂铁线蕨(0.479)、中华荚果蕨(0.468)、多穗石松(0.467)、掌叶铁线蕨(0.456)、瓶儿小草(0.455)、铁角蕨(0.452)这8个品种具有较高的栽种价值,并结合其生态习性探讨其园林应用价值。