河西地区玉米田一代棉铃虫防治措施比较

在河西地区调查了玉米田不同防治措施对棉铃虫蛹、成虫、着卵量和为害率等的防治效果。结果表明,综合防治措施对棉铃虫的控制效果优于单一使用药剂的效果。对棉铃虫卵量控制效果较优的防治措施为辛硫磷+Bt+性诱剂、辛硫磷+Bt+杀虫灯;对幼虫量控制效果较优的防治措施为辛硫磷+Bt+杀虫灯、辛硫磷+Bt+食诱剂;对被害株率控制效果较优的防治措施为辛硫磷+Bt+性诱剂和辛硫磷+Bt+杀虫灯。4种综合防治措施对百株虫量和被害株率的防治效果不同,但并无显著性差异。且防治玉米田一代棉铃虫时应针对棉铃虫蛹、成虫、卵和幼虫综合采取多种防治措施,并进行持续性防治。     

茶树谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶编码基因CsGPX1功能分析

为明确茶树[Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze.]谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidases,GPX)编码基因CsGPX1的功能,本文利用茶树转录组数据克隆获得CsGPX1的编码区全长序列,进行序列比对与分析,在此基础上,将CsGPX1在烟草中进行过表达获得转CsGPX1基因烟草,并比较野生型烟草与转基因烟草耐旱性的差异,验证CsGPX1功能。序列分析表明,CsGPX1编码序列(CDS)长723 bp,编码240个氨基酸。BLAST比对发现,该基因与桃树(Prunus persica)的GPX基因具有高度同源性(>85%)。CsGPX1编码的氨基酸序列具有GPX蛋白保守特征序列和区别于其他家族成员的特有的结构域——磷脂氢谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(PHGPX)。干旱胁迫处理结果显示,过表达CsGPX1烟草株系抗旱性强于野生型。GPX酶活性测定结果表明,转基因植株的GPX酶活性高于野生型植株。以上研究结果表明,过表达CsGPX1可提高转基因烟草的耐旱能力,说明CsGPX1可能与茶树的耐旱性能相关。本研究为提高茶树的耐旱性能研究提供了新的理论途径,并对降低茶园管理的成本具有一定的积极意义。     

Multiplication of the Recombinant Strain Re-7 of Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5 in MDCK Cells

This study was conducted to explore the multiplication pattern of the recombinant strain Re-7 of avian influenza virus subtype H5 in Madin Darby Canine Kidney(MDCK) cells and to determine the optimal multiplicity of infection(MOI) and the optimal time for virus harvest. The recombinant strain Re-7 was inoculated at different MOIs into MDCK cells grown in serum-free medium in 100 L bioreactors for replication. Then,the hemagglutination(HA) titer, 50% tissue culture infectious dose(TCID50) and 50% embryo infectious dose(EID50) of culture medium were measured once every 12 h from 24 h after virus inoculation to determine the optimal MOI. After that, virus was inoculated at the optimal MOI deter-mined above into MDCK cells for large-scale virus replication to determine the optimal time for virus harvest. The results showed that the optimal MOI was 10~(-2), and the optimal time for virus harvest was 60 h after inoculation. Under these conditions, the HA titer, TCID_(50) per 1 m L and EID50 per 0.1 m L were increased to 1∶102 4, 10~(7.33) and 10~(6.83), respectively. This study provides relatively stable parameters for large-scale production of the recombinant strain Re-7 of avian influenza virus subtype H5.     

Integrated Evaluation and the Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Semi-Wild Cotton under Complex Salt-Alkali Stress

[Objective] The genetic diversity of semi-wild cotton was abundant, so more new elite resistant genes could be found and applied to improve the resistance of cotton. The aim of this study was to primarily study on the regulation of response to salt-alkali stress, explore the method of integrated evaluation and characterize the resistance of semi-wild cotton. [Method] Four semi-wild and two cultivated Gossypium hirsutum accessions were evaluated for phonotypical, physiological and biochemical traits under alkali-salt versus normal conditions in hydroponic solutions. The alkali-salt tolerance was determined based on principal component analysis, cluster analysis, correlation analysis, grey rational analysis and analysis of variance. [Result] On the basis of the overall results, the alkali-salt stress tolerance of the six accessions was ranked as: Marie-galante85 > Latifolium32 > CRI16 > CRI12 > Latifolium40 > Latifolium130. Roots were found to be the most important responsive systems to complex alkali-salt stress. At seedling growth stage, the active scavenging system played a crucial role in response to alkali-salt stress. In addition, the salt tolerant and salt sensitive accessions showed different response tends towards leaf peroxidase, root ascorbate peroxidase and root catalase within 48 h, suggesting the accessions have different levels of response to salt stress. [Conclusion]Our study identified the most alkali-salt tolerant accessions and provided basic concept of complex alkali-salt tolerance mechanism within cotton accessions. And, our study provided a simple and rapid, highly accurate and precise method for evaluating salt resistance of cotton, and proved that the balance of ROS system play an important role in response to salt-alkali stress. Hence, mining of salt tolerant genes from these accessions may facilitate the development of novel salt tolerant variety.     

油菜高亚麻酸育种探析

为促进通过提高油菜种子亚麻酸含量途径增加中国人群亚麻酸的摄入量,提高健康水平的工作进程。结合文献资料,在剖析开展油菜高亚麻酸育种的意义、可行性、难点及可利用的有利条件的基础上,提出油菜高亚麻酸育种策略与技术途径。在工作实践中,陕西省杂交油菜研究中心研究团队创建并完善"油菜高亚麻酸种质的筛选方法",利用该方法开展油菜高亚麻酸种质资源筛选和高亚麻酸育种取得良好成效:油菜种质资源的整体亚麻酸含量、具有较高亚麻酸含量种质的百分比率、亚麻酸含量最高值、亚麻酸含量15%的种质数量均明显增加;获得一批亚麻酸含量大于15%(最高含量达21%)的甘蓝型油菜非转基因种质,育成高亚麻酸的不育系和恢复系;甘蓝型油菜高亚麻酸杂交种‘秦杂油7号’通过国家品种登记;2个亚麻酸含量15%左右的杂交种正在申请品种登记。发现在A02、C02及A06染色体上存在多个与亚麻酸显著关联SNP位点。提出开展基础机理研究和分子设计育种创新体系建设,开展高亚麻酸种质资源创新、综合评价和利用研究,构建高亚麻酸育种体系,规化高效保优栽培技术路线,开展油菜籽加工技术、抗氧化研究,构建标准体系等6方面建议。     

多抗番茄新品种‘红迪’

‘红迪’番茄是以自交系11FP033为母本，自交系09FP253为父本配制而成的杂交一代新品种。无限生长型，植株长势强，8 ~ 9节着生第1花序，每花序着生6 ~ 7朵花，连续坐果能力强。果实圆球形，熟果红亮，单果质量240 ~ 260 g，硬度佳，耐裂，可溶性固形物含量3.8%，番茄红素含量56.2 mg • kg-1，维生素C含量202 mg • kg-1。产量120 000 kg • hm-2。抗番茄黄化曲叶病毒病、南方根结线虫、枯萎病、叶霉病、晚疫病和灰叶斑病，适宜四川、山东、山西及西北地区春秋保护地及露地栽培。     

冀中平原奶牛舍温热环境评价及温热参数与生理指标的相关性分析

试验旨在评价冀中平原地区四季奶牛舍的温热环境，并分析温热参数与奶牛生理指标的相关性。选择3栋不同建筑结构的奶牛舍，对各舍温湿度和奶牛的呼吸频率、直肠温度和体表温度等生理指标进行检测。结果显示，奶牛舍四季环境温湿度和温湿指数（THI）变化显著（P<0.05），其中夏季日均温最高，为28.59 ℃；冬季日均温最低，为1.55 ℃。奶牛夏季每天平均15.5 h遭受轻度热应激，6.0 h遭受中度热应激；冬季每天平均12.0 h遭受轻度冷应激。除冬季外，各季节不同牛舍的温度和THI均未表现出显著差异（P>0.05）。相比带矮墙或卷帘的棚舍，仅设顶子的棚舍夏季平均温度要高0.80~1.27 ℃，冬季低1.36~1.84 ℃。另外，夏季奶牛各项生理指标极显著高于其他季节（P<0.01），且夏季不同舍奶牛的呼吸频率和直肠温度均表现出显著差异（P<0.05），体表温度各季节差异均达显著水平（P<0.05）。从环境温湿参数与奶牛生理参数的相关性分析可看出，各项生理参数（呼吸频率、直肠温度和体表温度）与THI、环境温度均呈显著正相关（P<0.05），但与湿度未表现出显著相关性（P>0.05）。本研究可为奶牛舍环境的评价提供科学依据，并通过环境温热参数的检测推断奶牛生理状况，为应激的发生及预警提供数据。     

基于SNP标记的玉米自交系S155、PHA458和A01的遗传多样性分析

为了分析玉米品种新科891的遗传结构和遗传多样性,本研究利用Affymetrix Axiom 10K SNP芯片对玉米品种新科891的双亲自交系（母本S155、父本PHA458）及自交系A01进行全基因组扫描,获得多态性标记4 926个。结果表明,群体聚类分析和群体遗传结构分析的杂种优势类群划分结果基本一致。母本S155为SS类种质,父本PHA458含有NSS和塘四平头类血缘,自交系A01为塘四平头类血缘,新科891的杂种优势模式为SS×NSS,这为新科891双亲的后续改良与创新奠定基础,并为杂交组配的育种工作提供依据。     

青岛市春大棚黄瓜品种比较试验

对4份华南型黄瓜品种进行春提旱栽培试验.结果表明,05C41,04C204和03C105等黄瓜品种长势旺,抗病性强,高产,风味品质良好,外观整齐一致,适应市场需求,在沿海地区都具有很好的推广价值.     

沉水植物收获机械推进器的设计研究

本文主要以沉水植物收获机械明轮推进器的连杆机构为研究对象,确定蹼板入、出水角,最小传动角和偏心距的较优组合,从而提高明轮推进效率。