带分流叶片的离心泵叶轮三维贴体网格生成

采用泊松方程进行带分流叶片的离心泵叶轮内三维贴体网格的自动生成 ,并通过源项控制来满足网格的正交性及调整网格疏密。计算时根据边界处网格线正交的控制角和控制距离的几何约束确定边界条件 ,利用分块粘接技术生成了带分流叶片离心泵叶轮内的三维分块结构化贴体网格 ,从而提高了流场流动分析中前处理环节的效率和精度 ,能使在湍流计算中广泛应用的壁面函数法的条件容易满足 ,并能使普遍采用的压力第二边界条件直接用于计算中 ,还能满足差分要求 ,减小离散误差。     

小型风力发电机测试系统研究

使用目前测控领域的LabVIEW软件开发平台的功能,结合离网风力发电机测试试验系统的特点,设计开发了离网风力发电机测试系统。经过试验考核证明,该系统运行稳定、可靠,人机交互界面友好、设置方便快捷。测得了风力发电机的转速与风力发电机功率的数据,从而做出了转速与功率的关系曲线。     

Drip irrigation scheduling for tomatoes in unheated greenhouses

During the last two decades, energy-saving solar greenhouses without heating systems, about 150-800 m² (width: 5-10 m, length: 30-80 m) in size, have been widely used in the North of China for vegetable production during cold seasons. The greenhouse is also suitable for use in other countries located in the temperate or warm-temperate zones, especially in the developing countries, because it is inexpensive with a simple structure, and does not need any additional energy for heating in winter. Drip irrigation has been recognized as a sensible method of supplying water inside the greenhouses, and a simple method for drip irrigation scheduling at low cost is urgently required. Using the water-balance method, the authors studied the water consumption of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and the relationship between evapotranspiration and water surface evaporation measured with 20 cm pan. Research results show that there is no significant water flux at 0.75 m depth when soil water potential is kept higher than -20 kPa at 15 cm depth, and around -20 kPa at 60 cm depth. The accumulative value of evapotranspiration is approximately equal to the accumulative value of water surface evaporation measured using 20 cm pan. Further analysis found that 20 cm pan can be used to determine the water requirement of tomato drip irrigation scheduling in this type of greenhouse.     

适宜稻板田油菜免耕移栽的开沟器设计

针对长江中下游稻油轮作区黏重土壤条件下免耕移栽机机具配重小、开沟松土阻力大及开沟器易缠草等问题,设计了波纹圆盘开沟器。开沟器采用波纹圆盘设计,通过螺栓调节开沟深度,有效解决了入土难问题。运用Pro/E构建了波纹圆盘开沟器的三维模型,通过力学性能分析了影响开沟器开沟性能的主要因素。同时,开展了基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的开沟器切削土壤的数值模拟,得出了开沟模型三向应力和应变云图,并计算出开沟器在一定土壤条件下开沟沟深为70~80mm、沟宽为62mm,与实际相符。     

柴油机机体的模态分析与减振设计

采用 ANSYS有限元分析软件 ,对一直列 6缸柴油机机体进行了模态分析 ,并与实验模态分析结果相比较 ,验证了计算模型的正确性。在该模型的基础上 ,从增加刚性和减少质量方面进行了研究 ,结果表明 ,铝制机体以及梯形框架结构和加强板结构均可减小机体的振动 ,进而降低发动机的噪声。     

Physiological and pathological roles of mast cells in adipose tissue

Mast cells are important cells for the innate immunity that reside in tissues including adipose tissue and are involved in various physiological and pathological processes by producing a range of biological mediators. Adipose tissue not only acts as an energy depot and regulator of energy homeostasis that can deposit excess energy and dissipate energy through heat, but also is an active endocrine organ capable of producing hormones and adipokines. The dysfunction of adipose tissue is highly correlated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and so on. This review focuses on the physiological and pathological roles of mast cells in adipose tissue.     

粮食安全视域下生态低碳农业的发展战略与路径选择

实现粮食安全战略与“双碳”目标是加快农业农村现代化步伐、加快建设农业强国的关键。为助推粮食安全战略与“双碳”目标的同步实现,本研究立足粮食安全视域,阐释生态低碳农业的科学内涵,厘清粮食安全与生态低碳农业的辩证关系,剖析粮食安全战略下生态低碳农业发展面临的问题与挑战,并针对性提出发展战略与推进路径。研究发现,在“大食物观”“大产业观”“大农业观”指导下,生态低碳农业涉及全食物品类、全产业流程、全生活环节。粮食安全是发展生态低碳农业的底线要求,生态低碳农业是可持续保障粮食安全的应有之义。当前,发展生态低碳农业面临自然资源约束、科学技术瓶颈、小农生产模式、居民观念局限等现实困难,亟需探索水地资源拓展、技术创新应用、居民素质提升等有效路径,推动生态低碳农业实现“藏粮于地”“藏粮于技”“藏粮于民”。     

复合硅改性热处理杨木的制备及性能

[目的]针对木材树脂改性剂释放甲醛不环保,无机改性材吸湿性高等问题,将廉价易得的硅石粉溶液化,再有机杂化,制得高渗透、环保、防火的水溶性木材复合硅改性剂,通过真空加压浸渍处理和热处理联合改性,可以有效提高木材的物理力学和阻燃等性能.[方法]分别制备硅油复合硅改性剂(SC2)和偶联剂杂化硅改性剂(HS2),对人工林杨木进...     

二氯喹啉酸降解菌嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌菌株J03生长特性及其对烟草和水稻的安全性

二氯喹啉酸被广泛用于稻田除草,其残留易对后茬作物烟草的生长造成危害。本课题组前期从福建烟区植烟土壤中分离获得的嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌Stenotrophomonas maltophilia菌株J03对烟草二氯喹啉酸药害具有较好修复作用。为明确该菌株生长特性及其对烟草和水稻的安全性,本研究测定了J03菌株对烟草和水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,同时测定了环境因子温度和酸碱度对J03菌株生长的影响。结果表明:经J03菌株处理的烟草和水稻种子,发芽率分别大于80%和95%,与空白对照无显著差异。J03菌株处理的烟苗株高、叶片数和地上部鲜重分别为2.82 cm、6.4片和6.08 g,均显著高于空白对照,其他生长参数与对照无显著差异;J03菌株处理的水稻幼苗的株高和叶面积与空白对照相比均无显著差异。J03菌株在4~40℃内均可生长,但最适生长温度为30~37℃;在pH值为5.0~9.0的LB培养基中均可生长,但最适生长pH值为6.0~8.0。综合研究表明,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌菌株J03对烟草和水稻生长安全,且其在田间的适合度较高。     

沉淀法制备的紫杉醇白蛋白微粒包封率测定

采用沉淀法制备紫杉醇白蛋白微粒,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定紫杉醇质量浓度,以二氯甲烷为有机相,采用萃取法分离白蛋白微粒与游离药物,测定其包封率。结果表明:紫杉醇在10~100 mg·L-1范围内线性良好,平均回收率可达到97.6%~101.0%;有机溶剂萃取法测定紫杉醇白蛋白微粒包封率的平均回收率,达94.80%~101.67%。这种方法测定紫杉醇白蛋白微粒回收率准确可靠,适用于沉淀法制备的白蛋白微粒的包封率测定。