Scale-dependent seasonal habitat selection by jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) in Panama

Landscape Ecology - Few habitat modeling studies consider multiple spatial or temporal scales; less identify the operative scale of an organism's response to predictor variables. Optimizing...     

小豆白粉病菌的鉴定与小豆品种抗白粉病评价

为明确小豆白粉病病原菌的种类以及小豆种质资源对白粉病的抗性,采用形态学和系统发育学方法对近年来在北京市发生的小豆白粉病病原菌种类进行鉴定,并采用室内苗期人工接种法评价小豆常见栽培品种（系）对白粉病的抗性。结果表明,从北京市采集的感白粉病小豆病样中培养获得病原菌BJ1,该菌能在小豆叶片和茎上产生明显的白色粉斑,分生孢子梗直立,不分枝,分生孢子单细胞,成链状着生于分生孢子梗上,呈椭圆形或卵圆形。通过rDNA-ITS序列系统发育分析,小豆白粉病菌BJ1被鉴定为白粉菌目白粉菌科的苍耳叉丝单囊壳Podosphaera xanthii。室内苗期人工接种条件下,19个供试小豆品种（系）接种小豆白粉病菌BJ1后均可发病,其中9个审定品种均表现为中度感病或高度感病,10个优良品系发病略轻。     

夜蛾黑卵蜂转录组及化学感受相关基因的分析

寄生蜂在寻找寄主、交配和产卵等过程中会受到来自植物和寄主的化学信息物质的影响。夜蛾黑卵蜂Telenomus remus Nixon是鳞翅目夜蛾科多种害虫卵期重要的寄生性天敌。本研究利用Illumina Novaseq 6000高通量测序平台,对夜蛾黑卵蜂雌、雄成虫的头部和腹部转录组进行测序,共获得16 238条unigenes。通过NR、NT、KO、KOG、Swiss-Prot、PFAM和GO 7个公共数据库进行比对注释,从NR数据库中筛选获得62个化学感受相关基因。对其进行同源性分析表明,这些化学感受基因与其他膜翅目昆虫中发现的化学感受基因亲缘关系最近。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示,大多数化学感受基因在头部高表达,表明头部器官在昆虫感受化学信息的过程中发挥着关键作用。此外,CSP1和IR1在成虫腹部高表达,可能与成虫交配、产卵和性信息素的识别等行为有关。本研究将为揭示夜蛾黑卵蜂寄主搜寻和觅食行为化学生态调控机制提供基础,为研发夜蛾黑卵蜂天敌引诱剂、增强夜蛾黑卵蜂的田间防效提供参考。     

A vegetation reconstruction method to plant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sedum spectabile</Emphasis> Boreau using drip-irrigation with saline water on a coastal saline soil in region around Bohai Gulf

Soil salinity and saline groundwater are major constraints to the cultivation of crops and landscape plants in coastal regions. With the rapid industrialization and urbanization in these areas, there is an urgent need to improve the landscape to meet the increasing demand of living environments for cities and districts. The aim of this study was to propose a method to plant Sedum spectabile Boreau, a common landscape flower plant, on a very heavy coastal saline soil using drip-irrigation with saline water in region around Bohai Gulf. The salinity levels of irrigation water were 0.8, 3.1, 4.7, 6.3a, nd 7.8 dS/m, respectively. The results showed that the revegetation method, which mainly included ‘ridge planting + saline water drip-irrigation’, was effective in planting Sedum spectabile Boreau for reclaiming coastal saline silt soil. An soil matric potential (SMP) higher above ?5 kPa after transplanted and ?10 kPa after growing season ended, and 6 mm of irrigation water can be used as indicators for Sedum spectabile Boreau drip-irrigation scheduling with 100 % survival rate when irrigated with saline water at <7.8 dS/m in initially saline soils with a gravel–sand layer after tillage. This method is combined with comprehensive utilization of the saline water, agronomic measures, collaborative repair of the soil and plants to offer new views and theoretical support for the protection and development of saline land in coastal regions.     

黑龙江省主栽大豆品种品质优势分析

为了解黑龙江省主栽大豆品种的品质现状,探寻黑龙江省主栽大豆品种的品质优势,扩大黑龙江省大豆加工用途,本研究将2020年黑龙江省主栽大豆品种与进口大豆(来源于巴西、美国、阿根廷、乌拉圭和俄罗斯)品质指标进行比较分析.结果表明,黑龙江省大豆主栽品种以高蛋白为主,55％以上品种粗蛋白质含量超过40％.与进口大豆比较,黑龙江省...     

稻田稗属杂草致病菌的分离与鉴定

稗草Echinochloa crus-galli作为稻田难以防除的恶性杂草,严重影响水稻产量。为发掘具有防治稻田稗草潜力的生防菌,本研究从江苏、广西、贵州三省采集感病稗草,采用组织分离法获得10株对稗草致病性较强的优势菌株。通过观察优势病原菌的形态特征,结合rDNA-ITS、GAPDH、EF-1α基因片段序列分析确定10株菌分别为新月弯孢Culvularia lunata、尖角突脐蠕孢Exserohilum monoceras、禾长蠕孢菌Setosphaeria rostrata、稻平脐蠕孢Bipolaris oryzae、梭形突脐蠕孢Exserohilum fusiforme、澳大利亚弯孢Curvularia australiensis、双色平脐蠕孢Bipolaris bicolor、高粱附球菌Epicoccum sorghinum、亚隔孢壳属Didymella americana和亚隔孢壳属Didymella pinodella。该研究丰富了稗草病原菌生物资源,为进一步开发稻田生物除草剂提供了新材料。     

巢湖沙塘鳢的生物学测定

对114尾沙塘鳢进行了测定,全长范围为8.4～19.9cm,体重范围为8.8g～134.2g,其体长和体重呈指数函数增长关系,相关关系式为:W=0.0327L2.9513。绝对怀卵量在822～5430粒之间,相对怀卵量为66～219粒/g。成熟系数5.89～35.56。     

微型平板凝集抑制法检测伪结核棒状杆菌

将伪结核棒状杆菌用含犊牛血清的平板培养后,刮取菌落,用营养肉汤稀释,经56℃30分钟灭活制备抗原。然后用已知标准血清、高免血清、待检阳性血清及阴性血清对比进行微型平板菌体凝集抑制试验。结果:标准血清、高免血清与待检阳性血清均抑制了菌体的凝集,呈现无圆形沉淀点,或仅有分散的絮状颗粒,即阳性反应;阴性血清不能抑制菌体的凝集,均呈现明显圆形成团的沉淀点即阴性反应,未出现非特异性即假阳性反应。本试验操作简便,敏感特异适用于山羊伪结核棒状杆菌病的诊断。     

The Influence Analysis of Failure Affected by Reducing the Consequences

With the social progress, some modern method has been used in the industry. It can reduce the failure of pressure vessel. The method includes supervision, emergency cut-off and emergency relief etc. Each method is refined and quantized in the article. And it helps exact forecast for the failure.