D型打结器Pro/Engineer仿真及动作功能分析

对D型打结器主要部件的构成及其功能进行了描述,利用Pro/E软件对打结器各元件进行装配,并对其打结装置进行机构的运动模拟仿真.把打结器复杂的打结动作总结为4个打结阶段,最后对打结器主要机构所完成的动作及功能进行了分析,为国内设计制造D型打结器及打结器后续改进进行了前期理论基础工作.     

一种基于PERCLOS驾驶员疲劳检测方法的实现算法

PERCLOS法能方便的对驾驶员进行实时、非接触式疲劳检测,在肤色检测的基础上结合眼睛的形状并利用梯度信息定位眼睛,通过计算眼睛的面积变化来确定眼睛的睁开、闭合状态,记录眼睛睁开闭合的次数及其开始、结束时刻,计算PEKCLOS值,当PERCLOS值大于40%,眼睛持续闭合时间大于3 S时,就认为驾驶员属于疲劳驾驶.     

Separating the effects of habitat amount and fragmentation on invertebrate abundance using a multi-scale framework

Context

Herbicide treatments in viticulture can generate highly contrasting mosaics of vegetated and bare vineyards, of which vegetated fields often provide better conditions for biodiversity. In southern Switzerland, where herbicides are applied at large scales, vegetated vineyards are limited in extent and isolated from one another, potentially limiting the distribution and dispersal ability of organisms.

Objectives

We tested the separate and interactive effects of habitat amount and fragmentation on invertebrate abundance using a multi-scale framework, along with additional environmental factors. We identified which variables at which scales were most important in predicting patterns of invertebrate abundance.

Methods

We used a factorial design to sample across a gradient of habitat amount (area of vegetated vineyards, measured as percentage of landscape PLAND) and fragmentation (number of vegetated patches, measured as patch density PD). Using 10 different spatial scales, we identified the factors and scales that most strongly predicted invertebrate abundance and tested potential interactions between habitat amount and fragmentation.

Results

Habitat amount (PLAND index) was most important in predicting invertebrate numbers at a field scale (50 m radius). In contrast, we found a negative effect of fragmentation (PD) at a broad scale of 450 m radius, but no interactive effect between the two.

Conclusions

The spatial scales at which habitat amount and fragmentation affect invertebrates differ, underpinning the importance of spatially explicit study designs in disentangling the effects between habitat amount and configuration. We showed that the amount of vegetated vineyards has more influence on invertebrate abundance, but that fragmentation also contributed substantially. This suggests that efforts for augmenting the area of vegetated vineyards is more beneficial for invertebrate numbers than attempts to connect them.

     

Breeding by design for future rice:Genes and genome technologies

1. Introduction Rice is a staple food for 3.2 billion people. The food security threat that shook many Asian countries in 2008 still looms, because farmers are ...     

滴灌模式和保水剂对小粒咖啡生长调控及节水效应

为了探讨热带特色经济作物云南小粒咖啡的节水高效生产模式,通过3种滴灌模式(常规滴灌、交替滴灌和固定滴灌)和2个保水剂水平(有保和无保)的完全组合试验,研究灌水方式和保水剂对小粒咖啡生理生态、生物量积累及水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:与常规滴灌相比,交替滴灌和固定滴灌的叶绿素、脯氨酸、丙二醛、可溶性糖含量均大幅提高;交替滴灌的根系活力显著提高,而固定滴灌的根系活力减小.交替滴灌能使小粒咖啡减少耗水量32.07%,提高水分利用效率29.87%.施用保水剂的叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛、可溶性糖含量减小,而生物量积累和水分利用效率分别增大24.81%和33.03%.与常规滴灌不加保水剂相比,交替滴灌配施保水剂能显著提高小粒咖啡叶绿素、根系活力和可溶性糖含量,而减少丙二醛和脯氨酸累积,同时增加总生物量13.80%,提高水分利用效率73.41%.因此,交替灌溉配施保水剂是一种小粒咖啡适宜的节水综合调控措施.     

我国旱作地区坐水播种机械的研究

坐水播种机械是我国典型的行走式节水灌溉机具,适用于我国北方干旱、半干旱地区抗旱播种,抗旱增产效果明显。为此,介绍了机械化坐水播种技术的原理、产生及发展,分析了我国坐水播种机械的研究与应用现状,探讨了我国穴灌坐水播种的主要机型及技术特点。同时,针对目前穴灌坐水播种机存在的问题,提出了我国坐水播种机械的发展研究方向。     

防暑、保温、防蝇猪舍的建筑设计

采用砖瓦水泥钢筋和塑料薄膜或遮阳网建造冬保暖、夏防暑防蝇、造价低廉的双列育肥猪舍和单列繁殖猪舍，冬天不加热源，舍温可达１０℃以上，夏季比舍外低３～５℃。在气温高达３５℃以上时，采取喷雾或滴水降温，可在这种简易舍中实行常年配种繁殖，育肥舍年出栏肥猪三批以上。育肥猪舍造价８０～１００元／ｍ２，母猪舍１００～１５０元／ｍ２，是山东省广为选用的规模养猪场建筑模式，十分适用于广大农村规模养猪企业。     

联合国探雷犬使用指南

(IMAS09.40,2003-01-01第1次出版)前言国际人道主义排雷程序标准是于1996年7月在丹麦的一个专题研讨会上提出的,会上提出了排除各种地雷的标准,并通过研讨修订后颁布了标准。至同年年底,在丹麦通过的标准最后发展成由联合国领导工作组颁布的国际人道主义排雷操作标准。此标准由