银杏叶黄酮含量变化及分布规律的研究Ⅱ.不同栽培方式对叶黄酮含量的影响及盆栽银杏根内黄酮含量变化

以银杏叶用栽培园、丰产园 (果叶兼用 )和盆栽园叶片以及盆栽银杏根部为试材 ,对比分析了黄酮含量的变化。结果表明 :叶用园叶黄酮含量最高 ,丰产园次之 ,盆栽园最低 ;达到含量高峰的时间 ,前期是叶用园最早 ,盆栽园次之 ,丰产园最慢 ,后期是盆栽园和叶用园同步 ,比丰产园早半月 ;含量高峰次数叶用园、丰产园均 3次 ,盆栽园 2次 ;变化幅度盆栽园最大 ,丰产园变化相对稳定。根系中有叶黄酮存在 ,早期含量甚微 ,后期逐渐稳步增加 ,与叶片相比 ,峰值低 ,10月份后二者变化趋势相反     

播期、密度及施肥对寒地油用型紫苏产量的影响

以“SU-5”为研究对象,通过二次回归通用旋转组合设计,研究播期、密度、复合肥施用量3种因素对寒地油用型紫苏种子产量的影响。结果表明：3个参试因子对寒地紫苏产量的影响是密度>复合肥施用量>播期,寒地紫苏种子产量的二次回归通用旋转组合方程为Y=2214.74973+111.16360X₁+225.68963X₂+190.45268X₃-210.46885X₁ ²-212.67802X₂ ²-126.52061X₃ ²-196.87500X₂X₃。通过方差分析得出,寒地紫苏种子产量大于1 839.38kg/hm ²的理论上组合方案的播期为5月4日,最佳密度为5.0万株/hm ²,最佳复合肥施用量为507.7kg/hm ²。     

Association analysis for detecting significant single nucleotide polymorphisms for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance at the seedling stage in soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.]

Tolerance to low-phosphorus soil is a desirable trait in soybean cultivars. Previous quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance were mainly derived from bi-parental segregating populations and few reports from natural population. The objective of this study was to detect QTLs that regulate phosphorus-deficiency tolerance in soybean using association mapping approach. Phosphorus-deficiency tolerance was evaluated according to five traits (plant shoot height, shoot dry weight, phosphorus concentration, phosphorus acquisition efficiency and use efficiency) comprising a conditional phenotype at the seedling stage. Association mapping of the conditional phenotype detected 19 SNPs including 13 SNPs that were significantly associated with the five traits across two years. A novel cluster of SNPs, including three SNPs that consistently showed significant effects over two years, that associated with more than one trait was detected on chromosome 3. All favorable alleles, which were determined based on the mean of conditional phenotypic values of each trait over the two years, could be pyramided into one cultivar through parental cross combination. The best three cross combinations were predicted with the aim of simultaneously improving phosphorus acquisition efficiency and use efficiency. These results will provide a thorough understanding of the genetic basis of phosphorus deficiency tolerance in soybean.     

猕猴桃果实熟腐病菌生物学特性及其寄主抗病性鉴定研究

为掌握猕猴桃果实熟腐病的发生规律和为其综合防治提供理论依据,对该病害的两种主要病原菌葡萄座腔菌（ Botryosphaeria dothidea）和拟茎点霉菌（ Phomopsis sp．）的生物学特性、寄主范围和猕猴桃品种抗病性进行了鉴定研究,结果表明葡萄座腔菌和拟茎点霉菌均在25℃和pH 7．0的条件下生长最快;适合两者生长的碳氮源种类基本相同;葡萄座腔菌偏好利用马铃薯葡萄糖培养基、胡萝卜培养基和苜蓿煎汁培养基,而拟茎点霉菌偏好利用烟草煎汁培养基。伤口接种试验表明,供试的5科14种植物均能被上述两种病菌感染,都应属于其寄主范围的植物;供试的17个猕猴桃品种,只有3个品种为高抗品种,其余14个为感病品种。     

间伐强度对落叶松人工林土壤有机碳的影响

以山河屯林业局凤凰山抚育所40年生落叶松人工林为研究对象,采用不同强度的间伐处理(间伐0%(CK)、15%(T1)、40%(T2))后,研究不同土层土壤有机碳储量、活性有机碳(水溶性有机碳、微生物有机碳、易氧化碳)的变化。结果表明:间伐处理提高了土壤有机碳储量,表现为CK(12.92 Mg/hm2)0.05)。微生物有机碳和易氧化碳均主要集中在0~10 cm土层;不同处理间均为T2含量最高,分别为982.00、20.52 g/kg。水溶性有机碳在0~10 cm土层差异不显著,但在其他土层(10~20、20~40、40~60 cm)差异显著(P<0.05),不同处理间T2含量也均最高,由上到下不同土层水溶性有机碳分别为51.59、52.99、37.83和31.87 mg/kg。研究表明:15%的弱度间伐更有利于东北落叶松人工林土壤有机碳的固定。     

Effect of dietary carbohydrate level on growth performance of juvenile spotted Babylon (Babylonia areolata Link 1807)

A growth trial was conducted to determine the effects of dietary carbohydrate level on growth performance, feed utilization and metabolism of juvenile spotted babylon. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets (48% crude protein and 15 MJ kg^− 1 diet) using wheat starch as the carbohydrate source, were formulated to contain six carbohydrate levels. Triplicate groups of 45 animals (initial average weight, 168.39 ± 0.69 mg) were stocked in 120-l tanks and fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 10 weeks. Growth performance and feed utilization were significantly affected by dietary carbohydrate level. Maximum weight gain and specific growth rate occurred at 20% dietary starch inclusion, survival and soft body to shell ratios were not significantly different among diets. There were significant differences in protein, lipid, moisture and glycogen content in soft body. Glycogen content in soft body was positively correlated with dietary starch level. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were significantly affected by dietary starch level, with both peaking in the 20% treatment; however, there were no significant differences in 6-phosphofructokinase activity in any treatment. Quadratic regression analysis of weight gain against dietary starch level indicated that the optimal dietary carbohydrate level for maximum weight gain of juvenile spotted babylon is 27.1% of dry diet.     

不同农业管理措施对土壤线虫的影响

研究了不同农业管理措施对土壤线虫的影响,结果表明:日光温室中土壤线虫的优势种群为食细菌的小杆线虫(Rhabditis),常规农田中优势种群为食细菌的小杆线虫和植食性的螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus),休闲地中优势种群为植食性线虫,包括螺旋线虫、盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus)和丝尾垫刃线虫(Filenchus);线虫的多样性、丰富度、ΣMI、EI、SI指数表明日光温室所受到土壤线虫的扰动最强,常规农田次之,休闲地所受干扰最小;PPI/MI、WI、BI、CI指数表明日光温室土壤营养丰富,常规农田和休闲地营养贫瘠.     

垂直线源灌线源长度对湿润体特性的影响

垂直线源灌可将水分直接输送到果树的根系,减少土面蒸发损失,以提高水分利用效率。通过模拟试验,研究了线源长度对土壤湿润体变化特性的影响。结果表明,不同线源长度土壤表面水平湿润半径、最大水平湿润半径和垂直湿润深度均与入渗时间的平方根呈线性关系,线源长度对土壤表面水平湿润半径和最大水平湿润半径的影响不明显,土壤表面水平湿润半径与最大水平湿润半径的比值和入渗时间的平方根符合线性关系,土壤表面水平湿润半径与垂直湿润深度的比值随入渗时间的增加而增大,随线源长度的增加而减小。这些研究结果可为垂直线源灌技术参数确定提供参考。     

基于用户参与的科研院所机构知识库建设模式研究

文章以用户参与为理论基础,以融入科研管理为实践目标,创新性地提出一种适合科研院所的机构知识库建设模式,并以江苏省农业科学院为例进行了实证研究,该模式兼具传统机构知识库功能,又能体现科研机构特色、解决科研机构成果管理问题.在此基础上,还分析明确了适用于科研院所成果管理和共享的数据审核流程、元数据标准规范、功能模块、系统架构、管理运行机制等.     

Rice <Emphasis Type="Italic">terpene synthase 18</Emphasis> (<Emphasis Type="Italic">OsTPS18</Emphasis>) encodes a sesquiterpene synthase that produces an antibacterial (<Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis>)-nerolidol against a bacterial pathogen of rice

Plant volatile compounds, including terpenes, are known to be involved in the rice defense system. In the present analysis of a terpene synthase, OsTPS18, in rice, we found that OsTPS18 was localized in the cytoplasm and synthesized the sesquiterpenes (E)-nerolidol and (E)-β-farnesene. The amounts of (E)-nerolidol and (E)-β-farnesene increased after jasmonic acid (JA) treatment. (E)-Nerolidol had significant antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). These results suggest that (E)-nerolidol plays an important role in JA-induced resistance against Xoo and that it functions as an antibacterial compound in rice.