小菜蛾抗药性研究进展

综述了小菜蛾抗药性的发展,抗性的消长规律,对不同种类农药的交互抗性及抗性对策。     

Effect of Jiawei Sini Decoction on glucocorticoid receptor in thymocytes of chronic psychological stress rats

AIM: To observe the effect of Jiawei Sini Decoction (JWSND) on glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) in thymocytes of chronic psychological stress rats. METHODS: The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, control group (C), model group (M), group treated by JWSND C₁, group treated by ginsenosides C₂. The number of thymocyte GCR sites and the GCR nuclear thanslocation rate were detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, in the model group, the thymocyte weight index lowered significantly ( P<0.05 ), and the GCR nuclear thanslocation rate was increased significantly ( P<0.01 ), but the number of thymocyte GCR sites was unchanged. Compared with the model group, thymus gland weight indexes of C₁ and C₂ were increased significantly ( P<0.05 ), while the GCR nuclear thanslocation rate lowered significantly ( P<0.01 ). Moreover, no significant difference was found in all indexes between C₁ and control group. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of glucocorticoid on the thymus could be significantly reversed by JWSND via suppressing the thanslocation of GCR from cytoplasm to nucleus in chronic psychological stress rats.     

Effects of carvedilol,cilazapril and their combination on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats

AIM:To compare the effects of carvedilol, cilazapril and their combination on left ventricular remodeling(LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction(AMI) in rats. METHODS: Twenty-four hours after AMI operation, 100 surviving rats were randomly assigned to: ①AMI control(n= 25), ②AMI+carvedilol(1 mg·kg^-1 ·d^-1, n= 25)(C1), ③AMI+cilazapril(1 mg·kg^-1 ·d^-1, n= 25)(Z1), and ④ AMI+combination(n= 25) groups. Sham-operated group(n= 17) were selected randomly. After 4 weeks of therapy with the drugs gastric gavage, hemodynamic and pathological studies were performed. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in MI size among the four AMI groups(all P> 0.05) Left ventricular(LV) end diastolic pressure(LVEDP), volume(LVV), weight(LVW) and septal thickness(STh) were all higher and left ventricular pressure maximal rate of rise and fall(±d p /d t) were lower(all P< 0.01) in AMI group than sham-operated group. The LVEDP, LVV, LVW and STh were all lower and ±dp /dt were higher in Z1, C1, and combination groups than those in AMI group(P< 0.05, P< 0.01), with LVEDP and STh were more lower in the combination group than in the two monotherapy group(P< 0.05, P< 0.01), but there were no significant differences in other variables among the three therapy groups. CONCLUSION: Carvedilol, cilazapril and their combination all can prevent from LVRM after AMI in rats, improve hemodynamics and LV function, with the combination superior.     

螟虫长距茧蜂研究进展

本文综述了对螟虫长距茧蜂的研究概况，包括该寄生蜂的主要生物学习性、对玉米螟自然寄生率及田间防治玉米螟效果等。     

辣椒新品种亚华205的选育

亚华205辣椒是由母本2105和父本K6242配制的一代杂种。该品种中早熟，丰产，果实长牛角形，果长18－25cm，横径3．5cm,平均单果重45g，果皮黄色，果面光滑，果条顺直，竦味中等，肉厚，空腔小，耐贮运，商品性好，一般667m^2产量3500－4500kg，适于华南、吕南及华北地区露地丰产栽培。     

亚硫酸氢钠处理减轻低温对温州蜜柑光合作用的影响

 低温胁迫使温州蜜柑叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、光系统Ⅱ的光化学效率(Fv/Fm)及光合电子传递速率(ETR)下降，反映跨膜质子动力势的叶绿素毫秒延迟发光(ms-DIE)减弱，叶片中的ATP含量降低。低温胁迫前，用NaHSO₃ 5 mmol/L涂于叶片表面，可使处理植株叶片的Pn和Fv/Fm分别少下降了11.5%和11.6%，ETR和ATP含量几乎没有下降，ms-DLE的下降幅度减少。可见，在柑橘上施用NaHSO₃能够减轻短期低温对光合机构及光合作用的影响。     

荔枝品种亲缘关系的AFLP分析

 应用AFLP技术，对39个荔枝品种进行了遗传多样性分析及分类研究。筛选出适于荔枝AFLP分析的最佳引物组合3对，分别为EcoRI AAC+MseI CTG，EcoPd AGC+MseI CAT，EcoRI ACC+Msel CAT。在分子水平上，荔枝品种的遗传多样性并非形态学性状所体现的那样丰富。AFLP分析将39个荔枝品种分成了6组，与传统的以果皮龟裂片隆起类型为分类标准的分类没有一致性。初步建立起荔枝主要栽培品种的分子标记标准图谱。应用AFLP技术对来自两个不同地方的两个荔枝品种(桂味、妃子笑)进行了鉴别。     

琯溪蜜柚光合特性的研究

 利用Li-6400 光合作用仪对田间条件下7 年生琯溪蜜柚的光合特性进行了系统研究。结果表明: (1) 琯溪蜜柚外围叶片晴天的净光合速率(P_n) 日变化为双峰曲线, 首峰出现在8～10 时, 次峰值小于首峰值, 出现在14 时以后; 阴天呈单峰曲线; 内膛叶片P_n 日变化有双峰、单峰和锯齿形3 种类型。(2)观测期内P_n季节变化近似双峰曲线。(3) 不同月份和不同枝条叶片Pn 对光和CO₂ 响应有较大差别, 光补偿点和饱和点分别为16～46 和1 026～1 656μmol·m^-2·s^-1 , 表观量子效率0.01725～0.05431 ; CO₂ 补偿点和饱和点分别为51～80 和822～926μmol·mol ^-1 , 羧化效率0.01769～0.05191 ;P_n对CO₂ 的响应进程近似双曲线。(4) P_n与气孔导度、蒸腾速率、光照强度正相关, 与胞间CO₂ 浓度负相关, 与温度、湿度和叶面水气压亏缺的相关性比较复杂。(5) P_n 与叶片的叶绿素含量和比叶重之间没有明显相关性。(6) 光合适温为24～34 ℃。     

不同基因型越橘果实中4种花色苷含量的研究

 采用反相高效液相色谱法测定了越橘2个野生种和3个栽培品种中4种花色苷的含量。结果 表明：总花色苷含量最高的是‘芝妮’，其它依次是CA-206、NB-3、笃斯越橘和红豆越橘。果实所含花色苷的种类和含量因种和品种而不同，其中矢车菊色素-3-半乳糖苷普遍存在的，而矢车菊色素-3-葡萄糖不存在于笃斯越橘和红豆越橘果实中，红豆越橘果实中只含4种花色苷的1种。     

铺散诸葛菜的组织培养及植株再生

 以铺散诸葛菜的叶柄及叶片为外植体, 研究了不同的再生方式。在6-BA 和NAA 配合使用的MS 培养基上, 叶柄和叶片外植体有高的成芽率, 具有强的器官再生能力。在2,4-D 与6-BA、NAA 结合的培养基上, 叶柄和叶片有较高的愈伤组织诱导率, 在含6-BA 的培养基上也易于分化。叶柄、叶片再生的芽和经愈伤组织分化而得来的芽快速繁殖后, 在生根培养基上形成完整植株。研究表明铺散诸葛菜具有极强的器官分化能力。