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101.
Some considerations in heterogeneous nonisothermal transport models for wood: a numerical study 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
This study compares a number of coupled heat and mass transfer models and presents numerical comparisons of phenomenological
coefficients between the four models (Stanish, Perre, Pang, and Avramidis) that are most frequently used in the literature
to describe wood-drying processes. The USDA sorption isotherm, the Hailwood-Horrobin model, was adopted to calculate the relations
between moisture content in wood and water vapor pressure at any temperature. Due to different assumptions about the driving
forces of heat and mass transfer, coefficients in each model represent different values for moisture content and temperature
and are closely related to each other. In the case of isothermal mass transfer, the moisture diffusion coefficient in the
transverse directions from the Stanish and Pang models increased with decreasing moisture content. This contradicts the Avramidis
and Perre models and numerous experimental results. Thermal diffusion effects on the drying process may not be predominant
because the nonisothermal state is relatively short. Therefore, the Perre model, which does not consider the thermal diffusion
effect, has been used successfully in the drying simulation. However, it may be erroneous in certain cases when the nonisothermal
state prevails over the system, such as building physics. The Pang model cannot explain the phenomena of thermal diffusion
and moisture thermodiffusion. It might be reasonable to modify the thermal diffusion of the Avramidis model, which is lower
than that of the Stanish model. The apparent heat diffusivity was higher than the true heat diffusivity. 相似文献
102.
Myung-Hee Kim Yeon-Jae Hur Saes Beul Lee Tackmin Kwon Un-Ha Hwang Soo-Kwon Park Young-Nam Yoon Jong-Hee Lee Jun-Hyeon Cho Dongjin Shin Tae Heon Kim Sang-Ik Han Un-Sang Yeo You-Chun Song Min-Hee Nam Dong-Soo Park 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(5):408-414
Bakanae disease is an important fungal disease in the world. No rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties have been found to be completely resistant to this disease. To facilitate accurate, uniform and simultaneous screening of many rice accessions, we developed an inoculation method for microconidia of Fusarium fujikuroi using a tissue embedding cassette and seedling tray. Standards for evaluating the inoculated rice seedlings as healthy or unhealthy were also established. The method was fast and reproducible for accurately evaluating resistance to bakanae disease in rice. 相似文献
103.
Four new streptoglycerides E–H (1–4), with a rare 6/5/5/-membered ring system, were isolated from a marine-derived actinomycete Streptomyces specialis. The structures of 1–4 were elucidated by detailed analysis of HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR data and ECD spectra as well as comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in literature. Compounds 1–4 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in Raw 264.7 cells with IC50 values ranging from 3.5 to 10.9 µM. Especially, 2 suppressed mRNA expression levels of iNOS and IL-6 without cytotoxicity. 相似文献
104.
Molecular mapping of a quantitative trait locus qSTV11Z harbouring rice stripe virus resistance gene,Stv‐b
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Jong‐Hee Lee Tackmin Kwon Dongjin Shin Tae‐Heon Kim Sang‐Ik Han Jun‐Hyeon Cho Young‐Nam Yoon Gilang Kiswara You‐Chun Song Un‐Sang Yeo Young‐Up Kwon Kyung‐Min Kim Dong‐Soo Park 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(1):61-66
Rice stripe virus (RSV) predominantly affects rice. In this study, we attempted to localize the quantitative trait locus (QTL) conferring RSV resistance in the ‘Zenith’ variety, which is known to harbour Stv‐a and Stv‐b. The resistant variety Zenith was crossed with the susceptible variety ‘Ilpum’ to generate a mapping population comprising 180 F2:3 lines for QTL analysis. Contrary to previous findings, we could not detect Stv‐a‐specific QTLs on chromosome 6. Stv‐b‐specific QTL was detected on the long arm of chromosome 11; it was designated qSTV11z. Six F4:5 lines were selected from the F3:4 population and fine‐mapped using insertion/deletion (InDel) markers. qSTV11z was mapped to a 520‐kb region between the InDel markers Sid2 and Indel8. This region included OsSOT1 (candidate gene for STV11) and other previously reported RSV resistance QTLs. The OsSOT1 sequence in Ilpum and Zenith was identical to that of the susceptible variety ‘Koshihikari’, indicating that OsSOT1 is not the candidate gene of qSTV11z. The localization of qSTV11z should provide useful information for marker‐assisted selection and determination of genetic resources in rice breeding. 相似文献
105.
Hyo Young Jung Woosuk Kim Hyun Jung Kwon Dae Young Yoo Sung Min Nam Kyu Ri Hahn Sun Shin Yi Jung Hoon Choi Dae Won Kim Yeo Sung Yoon In Koo Hwang 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)
Laminaria japonica is widely cultivated in East Asia, including South Korea. Fucoidan, a main component of L. japonica, protects neurons from neurological disorders such as ischemia and traumatic brain injury. In the present study, we examined the effects of extract from fermented L. japonica on the reduction of proliferating cells and neuroblasts in mice that were physically (with electric food shock) or psychologically (with visual, auditory and olfactory sensation) stressed with the help of a communication box. Vehicle (distilled water) or fermented L. japonica extract (50 mg/kg) were orally administered to the mice once a day for 21 days. On the 19th day of the treatment, physical and psychological stress was induced by foot shock using a communication box and thereafter for three days. Plasma corticosterone levels were significantly increased after exposure to physical stress and decreased Ki67 positive proliferating cells and doublecortin immunoreactive neuroblasts. In addition, western blot analysis demonstrated that physical stress as well as psychological stress decreased the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the number of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (pCREB) positive nuclei in the dentate gyrus. Fermentation of L. japonica extract significantly increased the contents of reduced sugar and phenolic compounds. Supplementation with fermented L. japonica extract significantly ameliorated the increases of plasma corticosterone revels and decline in the proliferating cells, neuroblasts, and expression of BDNF and pCREB in the physically stressed mice. These results indicate that fermented L. japonica extract has positive effects in ameliorating the physical stress induced reduction in neurogenesis by modulating BDNF and pCREB expression in the dentate gyrus. 相似文献
106.
Nam SM Yi SS Yoo DY Kim W Choi JH Hwang IK Seong JK Yoon YS 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(8):977-982
In this study, we investigated diabetic stage dependent cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after STZ treatment. Blood glucose levels were increased after STZ treatment. COX-2 immunoreactivity in dentate gyrus was significantly increased in these regions 3 weeks after STZ treatment and restored to its basal level to 4 weeks after STZ treatment. In contrast, COX-2 immunoreactivity was not changed in CA3 region in all groups. These results suggest that STZ-induced type 1 diabetes transiently, but not permanently, decreased synaptic transmission and plasticity 3 weeks after STZ treatment in the dentate gyrus. 相似文献
107.
The present study evaluated the effects of exposure to different doses of sodium chlorate in 10-week-old pigs. Twenty pigs were divided into four equal groups and treated with different doses of sodium chlorate: 0, 125, 250 and 500 mg kg-1 body weight per day via the drinking water for 7 consecutive days. The results showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in red blood cell and white blood cell counts, packed cell volume, haemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen (P < 0.001) and creatinine levels, and an increase in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.05) activities in swine administered sodium chlorate at a dose of 500 mg kg-1 body weight per day. The histopathological study revealed increased numbers of vacuoles in the convoluted tubules, tubular necrosis and degeneration of the renal tubular epithelial cells, depletion of nuclei and lobular necrosis of the liver in all pigs treated with sodium chlorate at 500 mg kg-1 body weight per day. Thus, 7-day administration of sodium chlorate at 500 mg kg-1 body weight per day to pigs affects the liver and kidney tissues as well as the haematologic and serum biochemical parameters. 相似文献
108.
109.
Mwense Leya Won Kyong Kim Enkhsaikhan Ochirkhuyag Eun-Chae Yu Young-Jee Kim Yoonhwan Yeo Myeon-Sik Yang Sang-Seop Han John Hwa Lee Dongseob Tark Jin Hur Bumseok Kim 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2021,22(2)
BackgroundAttenuated Salmonella strain can be used as a vector to transport immunogens to the host antigen-binding sites.ObjectivesThe study aimed to determine the protective efficacy of attenuated Salmonella strain expressing highly conserved Brucella immunogens in goats.MethodsGoats were vaccinated with Salmonella vector expressing individually lipoprotein outer-membrane protein 19 (Omp19), Brucella lumazine synthase (BLS), proline racemase subunit A (PrpA), Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) at 5 × 109 CFU/mL and challenge of all groups was done at 6 weeks after vaccination.ResultsAmong these vaccines inoculated at 5 × 109 CFU/mL in 1 mL, Omp19 or SOD showed significantly higher serum immunoglobulin G titers at (2, 4, and 6) weeks post-vaccination, compared to the vector control. Interferon-γ production in response to individual antigens was significantly higher in SOD, Omp19, PrpA, and BLS individual groups, compared to that in the vector control (all p < 0.05). Brucella colonization rate at 8 weeks post-challenge showed that most vaccine-treated groups exhibited significantly increased protection by demonstrating reduced numbers of Brucella in tissues collected from vaccinated groups. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that Brucella antigen expression levels were reduced in the spleen, kidney, and parotid lymph node of vaccinated goats, compared to the non-vaccinated goats. Besides, treatment with vaccine expressing individual antigens ameliorated brucellosis-related histopathological lesions.ConclusionsThese results delineated that BLS, Omp19, PrpA, and SOD proteins achieved a definite level of protection, indicating that Salmonella Typhimurium successfully delivered Brucella antigens, and that individual vaccines could differentially elicit an antigen-specific immune response. 相似文献
110.
Yeo Y Bellas E Firestone W Langer R Kohane DS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(19):7518-7525
To improve the appeal of frozen baked foods upon heating, we have encapsulated flavor oil in complex coacervate microcapsules using gelatin and gum Arabic. Variation of polyion concentrations and homogenization rate affected particle morphology, size distribution, and oil release upon heating. Release of the oil from formulations was determined by a simple spectroscopic method based on separation of oil labeled with a lipophilic dye from unaffected particles. When heated to 100 degrees C or higher, univesicular microcapsules (prepared with a lower homogenization rate) released almost all of the encapsulated oil, while multivesicular microcapsules (produced by high homogenization rates) resulted had lesser degrees of release. The oil remained encapsulated during 4 weeks of storage at 4 and -20 degrees C (freezing and thawing) but was released by exposure to 100 mM NaCl at room temperature. When particles were cooled after releasing their oil content, the oil was re-encapsulated. 相似文献