滴头流量对夏玉米根系的影响

滴头流量是滴灌系统设计的重要参数,滴头流量大小将产生不同湿润区范围,确定滴头流量则可以确定湿润区范围,因此只要确定湿润区范围与根系分布的关系,就可以确定滴头流量。以盆栽试验为基础,设置4个滴头流量处理(l、1.5、2、2.5 L/h)观测了玉米4个生育阶段(苗期、拔节期、抽穗期、成熟期)的根系干物质累积量和根系分布。试验结果表明,滴头流量为2 L/h时,干物质累积量较大,滴头流量越小,玉米的最长根越长,根系呈窄深式分布;滴头流量越大,玉米的最长根越短,根系呈宽浅式分布。试验结果为玉米的滴灌设计选定滴头流量提供参考。     

Interface behavior of quaternized chitosan on cellulosic substrates

Quaternized chitosan (QCS) was prepared and its interface behavior on cellulosic substrates was investigated. FT-IR result indicated that quaternary ammonium groups were connected to -NH₂ in chitosan, and the highest degree of substitution (DS) of QCS was 80.0 %. The adsorption behavior of QCS was well performed on cellulosic substrates. The initial critical concentrations of QCS were between 10 mg/l and 20 mg/l, which were related to its DS and the weight average molecular weight (M _w ): the critical concentration decreased with the increasing DS of QCS, and the concentration increased when M _w increased. The results from SEM and particle size revealed that the flocculation took place mainly because the electrostatic interaction between cellulosic substrates and QCS, which can be accelerated by forming a charge patch. At last, QCS displayed high efficiency as a retention and drainage-aid agent through a Schopper-Riegler beating degrees tester.     

不同基因型烤烟对钾素的响应能力

通过苗期不同浓度钾营养液培养和大田栽培试验,研究了K326、NC89、云烟85、豫烟杂1号、长脖黄、庆胜2号、潘园黄和9806-407烤烟基因型在不同供钾水平下对钾素吸收能力的差异。结果表明,不同基因型烤烟的吸钾特性存在差异,随着苗期供钾水平的提高,烟叶的钾含量相应增加。各基因型间的差异在高钾水平下最小;在不同钾营养液水平和田间情况下,潘园黄和豫烟杂1号钾含量最高。并与其它基因型达到极显著水平,其次是9806-407和长脖黄,表现出较强的吸钾能力,K326和庆胜2号的吸钾能力较差。     

脱叶剂不同施用方法对棉花脱叶吐絮及产量和品质的影响

在新疆兵团第七师棉田分别设置噻苯隆＋乙烯利[（30 g＋80 mL）·（667 m^－2）]、欣噻利（120 mL·（667 m^－2））、欣噻利（180 mL·（667 m^－2））、欣噻利 [(60＋120) mL·（667 m^－2）]处理,以清水处理作对照,研究2种脱叶剂不同施用方法对棉花脱叶吐絮效果及产量、品质的影响。结果表明,喷施脱叶剂20 d后,处理4[欣噻利(60＋120) mL·（667 m^－2）,分2次喷施]的脱叶效果最好,叶片脱落率达到84.3%,其他处理之间差异不大。从棉铃吐絮率来看：在喷药后20 d,所有处理的棉铃吐絮率均在84%以上,且不同处理间差异不显著。喷施脱叶剂后棉花衣分、籽棉产量较对照处理有轻微降低,但能显著提高棉花霜前花率。从棉花品质来看：喷施脱叶剂对棉花纤维长度、整齐度、伸长率和马克隆值影响不大,比强度有轻微降低,其中处理3（欣噻利180 mL·667 m^－2）下降幅度最大。综合比较来看,处理4的脱叶吐絮效果较好,适宜在奎屯植棉区推广。     

利用米糠外添GAD制备γ-氨基丁酸的工艺条件优化

以稻米加工副产品米糠为原料,采用单因素和正交实验确定了外添谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)制备γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的最佳工艺条件:GAD酶用量175u/g,酶解时间2h,pH5.5,酶解温度45℃。经验证实验,在最佳工艺条件下GABA生成量为1530.7mg/100g米糠。     

亚种间杂交稻光合产物积累与分配研究进展

对籼粳亚种间杂交稻的光合特性、光合产物积累与分配的影响因素与提高路径等方面的研究进行了简要概述,并就籼粳亚种间杂交稻常出现的倒伏问题,提出对籼粳亚种间杂交稻光合产物积累及分配与植株抗倒伏能力关系进行研究的必要性。     

生化腐植酸肥料的研究与制备

采用纯天然物质为原料,经两次生物发酵制取的生化腐植酸肥料,可广泛用于农业、林业和畜牧业等领域,是生产绿色食品的上等肥料.该产品又是一种土壤改良剂.     

绢丝昆虫茧丝蛋白酶抑制剂含量的比较分析

以 6种绢丝昆虫的茧壳为材料 ,对茧丝蛋白酶抑制剂的含量及热稳定性进行了研究。结果表明 :家蚕品种间茧丝蛋白酶抑制剂的含量差异极显著 ,外层丝中含量较多 ,F1代的含量呈双亲中间型 ,偏向于含量较多的亲本 ,雌雄间含量无显著差异 ;家蚕茧丝蛋白酶抑制剂对热稳定性较强 ;天蚕绿茧、野蚕的茧丝中有少量的蛋白酶抑制剂存在 ,蓖麻蚕的茧丝中有微量蛋白酶抑制剂存在 ,天蚕黄茧、柞蚕茧、樗蚕茧的茧丝中基本无蛋白酶抑制剂存在。     

Improvement of toughness for the hyaluronic acid and adipic acid dihydrazide hydrogel by PEG

New applications call for many new requirements. In order to improve the toughness of aldehyde hyaluronic acid (A-HA) and adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) hydrogel, the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was added. PEG content and molecular weight have little effect on the gelation time, and the composite hydrogels can form in situ within 20 seconds at room temperature. The press test showed that the hydrogels containing PEG possessed a better compression resistance, after pressed more than five times, the composite hydrogels could restore. Rheological properties were measured to evaluate the working ability and the effect of PEG on hydrogels. By analyzing the shear viscosity (η _γ=0.01), yield stress (σ ₀) and threshold shear stress (σ _c ), the addition of PEG can make the structure of composite hydrogels get loose and improve the shear resistance. Especially, PEG800 can enhance the antishear ability obviously. The amplitude sweep tests showed a broad linear viscoelastic region, indicating a wide processing range. In the meanwhile, we also found that PEG can improve the optical transmittance of xerogel evidently.     

陆地棉脱水素基因GhDHN1启动子序列分析

为了筛选棉花抗逆转基因育种的候选启动子,根据陆地棉脱水素基因GhDHN1的cDNA序列和陆地棉基因组序列,利用生物信息学分析方法,获得棉花陆地棉脱水素基因GhDHN1启动子序列。结果表明,该启动子上多个位点含有启动子的基本元件TATA-box和CAAT-box,并含有非生物逆境胁迫响应元件、响应植物激素顺式作用元件、多种光调控相关的顺式作用元件以及胚乳表达顺式调控元件等。推测GhDHN1基因的启动子受光诱导,同时受低温和干旱胁迫等非生物逆境的诱导,参与棉花的生长发育。