杨树覆膜扦插育苗试验研究

采用杨树覆膜扦插育苗技术,能够有效地抑制杂草生长,杨树成活率提高了12.2％;1年生扦插苗的地径生长量和高生长量分别比对照提高了12.9％和15.5％;苗木出圃质量也得到了提高,其中一级苗提高了10.9％,二级苗与对照大体相当,三级苗则降低10.6％;采用该技术育苗每666.7m2生产成本降低了220元,而收入则提高了1600多元.     

禽流感病毒A/Duck/Shnghai/02/99(H9)HA基因的克隆及序列分析

根据GenBank已公布的禽流感病毒H9亚型血凝素蛋白编码基因,设计了一对引物(H1和H2),RT-PCR扩增禽流感病毒A/Duck/Shanghai/02/99(H9)的HA基因,扩增片段与载体pUCm-T的连接产物转化大肠杆菌感受态细胞,重组质粒pUCm-T-HA经限制性内切酶酶切和PCR鉴定后进行测序。BlastN分析结果显示该分离株血凝素编码基因与已发表的鸭源禽流感病毒A/Duck/Shantou/1605/01(H9N2)和A/Duck/Hong Kong/Y280/97(H9N2)血凝素编码基因的核甘酸序列同源性为98%,从而从分子水平确定了该分离株为H9亚型禽流感病毒。     

不同生根剂对假俭草茎段撒播生根效应的影响

[目的]对不同生根剂对假俭草茎段撒播生根效应的影响进行研究,为假俭草做为水土保持植物快速建植提供合理有效的技术指导。[方法]从茎段撒播技术中的茎段生根关键环节开展试验,比较不同生根剂对假俭草生根茎段比例、生根时间和成活率的影响,以确定最佳生根剂和处理方式。[结果]吲哚丁酸(100 mg/L)对假俭草撒播茎段的生根效率、缩短生根时间和成活率效果最佳;覆盖无纺布对提高假俭草茎段生根效率和缩短生根时间有显著作用,但是对假俭草茎段成活率没有显著影响。[结论]不同生根剂对假俭草茎段生根速率具有显著影响,其中效果最好的是吲哚丁酸。     

岳麓山生态旅游可持续发展的思路与对策

在阐述岳麓山的自然资源和人文资源及旅游业对岳麓山生态环境的影响的基础上,提出岳麓山生态旅游可持续发展的思路与对策:(1)保护是持续发展生态旅游的前提;(2)改变岳麓山森林群落较单调的现状;(3)减少人文景观、宾馆等的建设;(4)合理开发还未开发的地带,引种濒危珍稀植物,为生物多样性保护做些有利的工作.     

尾叶桉、深山含笑、红锥苗接种内生菌根菌试验

将从荔枝分离的AM菌根菌接种于尾叶桉组培苗，深山含笑和红锥种子苗，结果表明，AM菌根菌剂对供试的3种幼苗有明显的增效作用，对林业具有实际应用与开发价值。但其增效作用有差异，尾叶桉呈现逐渐增长的趋势，而深山含笑和红锥增长率达到最大后呈现缓慢下降的趋势。     

黑龙江省半干旱区防护林内主要气象因子观测初报

对齐齐哈尔(沙壤土区)、杜蒙(风沙土区)、青冈(黑土区)等3个代表黑龙江省半干旱区典型地点防护林区内7、8、9月主要气象因子(气温、气湿、风速、降雨量等)及土壤入渗率情况进行了定期观测,结果表明:3个月份平均气温杜蒙>齐齐哈尔>青冈,气湿为青冈>齐齐哈尔>杜蒙,风速为杜蒙>齐齐哈尔>青冈,土壤入渗率为杜蒙>齐齐哈尔>青冈,揭示了黑龙江省半干旱区防护林内不同土壤类型之间主要气象因子的变化特征及规律,为半干旱区防护林功能评价提供了重要依据。     

香港人工林改造对林下植物自然更新 和物种多样性的早期影响

以嘉氏羊蹄甲（Bauhinia galpinii）种子为材料,开展了不同浸种催芽处理对比试验。结果表明,相比不浸种处理,3 个浸种处理明显提高嘉氏羊蹄甲的种子发芽势和发芽率,平均苗高也明显高于不浸种组,其中,温水(60 ℃ ) 浸种6 h 组嘉氏羊蹄甲种子发芽率最高,达74.7%,苗高生长最快。     

Forest resources variation along with the main rivers in typical forest region of Changbai Mountain

The restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. Through interpreting the images of Remote Sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of Lushuhe Forest Bureau, which is a typical forest area of Chanbai Mountain was obtained with support of GIS. By dividing Land covers of Lushuihe area into 10 types (water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man-made young forest) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers (in turn 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985–1999 were analyzed. The results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. In buffer 1, 2, 3 the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. Midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. In buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest-age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. Area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task. Foundation item: This study is supported by major projects of Knowiedge Innovation Program. Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-SW-320-3) and Institute of Applied Ecology (a grant SCXZD010-01), CAS. Biography: HAO Zhan-qing (1962-), Male, Ph. Doctor, Professor in Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang 1100016, P.R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

甘蔗黄叶病毒及其所致病害评述

甘蔗黄叶病毒是2000年国际病毒分类命名委员会第七次报告才确认的黄症病毒科未归属成员。其分布几乎遍及世界所有甘蔗产区,并已于近年传入我国南方蔗区。该病毒引起甘蔗病毒性黄叶病,经高粱蚜及玉米蚜以持久性方式传播,可能起源于黄症病毒科属间基因重组。本文简述该病毒研究概况及其在我国的发生特点。