潜水电泵电缆引入密封装置的分析与改进设计

根据实际工作经验,在系统地分析潜水电泵电缆引入密封装置使用寿命短的影响因素基础上,对其作了结构改进.主要采取了在传统密封装置结构上依次增加涨圈、压紧垫圈、次级压紧螺栓、O形橡胶密封圈、紧固件和次级接线盒等措施,共同组成二道面与面接触的密封系统.改进后的潜水电泵不仅在潜水深度上大大超过标称深度达5m以上,而且延长了使用寿命.     

杭州的四季茶会——Ⅰ.春天的敬老茶会

本文主要介绍了杭州四季茶会之春天的敬老茶会,包括茶会的缘起,历年茶会进行回眸,以及敬老茶会的特色。     

水稻新品种通禾834的特征特性及高产栽培技术

通禾834是采用品种间杂交选育而成的水稻新品种,全生育期143 d,需有效积温2 850℃左右,在吉林省属晚熟偏早品种,具有稳产、优质、抗病,分蘖力强,灌浆速度快和适应性广等特点.     

种植密度对全膜双垄沟播玉米子粒灌浆特征、干物质积累及产量的影响

以先玉335为试验材料,研究4个密度水平(4.5×10⁴、5.25×10⁴、6.0×10⁴、6.75×10⁴株/hm²)对旱地春玉米形态指标、灌浆特征、干物质积累、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,随密度增加,株高表现为先增大后减小的趋势,处理间无显著差异,地上部分干物质积累量和叶面积指数提高,营养物质向子粒转运的效率降低。不同处理下产量受有效穗数的影响较大,随着密度增大,群体有效穗比例由77.00%降低至69.00%;灌浆速率和灌浆时间共同影响百粒重,密度较低时,子粒最大灌浆速率出现所用天数提前,有助于子粒灌浆过程提前完成;随着密度增加,穗行数和行粒数均表现为增大趋势,百粒重先增大后减小。因此,本试验中种植密度为4.5×10⁴株/hm²左右时,可以较好地协调玉米群体和个体生长关系之间的矛盾,实现子粒高产和水分高效利用的目标。     

不同供氮形态对旱作水稻生长和养分吸收的影响

采用土培试验种植旱作水稻,研究铵态氮（A）、硝态氮（N）和铵态氮加硝化抑制剂（A+DCD）对旱作水稻分蘖期、孕穗期生长和养分吸收的影响。在分蘖期和孕穗期,铵态氮和铵态氮加硝化抑制剂处理的水稻各部位生物量、分蘖数及新完全展开叶的叶面积均较硝态氮处理的高;铵态氮加硝化抑制剂处理的水稻叶片净光合速率最高,硝态氮处理的水稻叶片净光合速率最低; 铵态氮和铵态氮加硝化抑制剂处理的水稻体内的钾向叶片中分配比例较高,而硝态氮处理的水稻向茎秆中分配的比例较高。     

山西高产氮高效玉米品种的筛选及其干物质氮素累积与分配

通过分析16个玉米品种在施氮(225 kg/hm2)和不施氮条件下的产量及其节氮潜力等筛选高产氮高效品种.结果表明,两年中晋玉18、登海605、先玉335增产潜力在5％以上,节氮潜力为15.48％～18.39％(2018年)和14.26％～29.47％(2019年).根据供试品种在施氮和不施氮条件下的产量平均值作为分界...     

旱作区双免耕覆盖下冬小麦旗叶光合特性、根系分布及产量研究

为了解旱作区双免耕覆盖下冬小麦旗叶光合特性及根系分布特征,通过试验测定和分析了双免耕覆盖冬小麦旗叶叶绿素相对含量、光合有效辐射、光合速率、胞间CO₂浓度、蒸腾速率等光合参数,以及根长密度和根干重密度与传统耕作（对照）的差异。结果表明,与对照相比,双免耕覆盖下冬小麦旗叶叶绿素相对含量、光合有效辐射、净光合速率分别增加了11.2%、20.5%、31.7%,胞间CO₂浓度降低12.68%,蒸腾速率、叶片瞬时水分利用效率、气孔限制值分别平均提高13.1%、16%和30.7%。双免耕覆盖下冬小麦开花期和灌浆期根长密度在行内平均较对照分别提高47.13%和14.43%,在行间平均分别提高38.18%和 33.61%;两个时期的根干重密度在行内平均分别增加21.44%和14.42%,在行间平均分别提高19.96%和 12.56%。双免耕覆盖下冬小麦产量为4 872.0 kg·hm^-2,较对照增产18.4%,差异达极显著水平。由此说明双免耕覆盖可促进旱作冬小麦光合作用及根系生长发育,有利于其高产。     

25份引进玉米自交系配合力及利用潜力分析

以国内广泛种植的先玉335双亲为测验种,采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,对25份国外玉米自交系进行两年配合力测定试验,通过对供试国外玉米自交系的一般配合力、组配杂交组合的特殊配合力及较对照的优势等进行分析,筛选出一般配合力优良的国外玉米自交系,提出其合理利用的方案。结果表明,供试国外自交系中PHWG5、787、78371A、6M502、LH128等产量GCA效应值表现优良,LH194、L139、OS602等宜机收性状GCA效应值表现优良。综合产量、倒伏率和收获时含水量的GCA表现,PHN29、PHM10、PHR32等3份自交系表现较好。杂交组合PHWG5×PH6WC的产量在所有组合中最高,且较4个对照品种增产幅度都较高,可进一步试验。     

不同产区青稞根部可培养内生固氮菌的多样性研究

为认识青稞内生固氮菌群落组成,丰富内生固氮菌资源,明确产地对青稞内生固氮菌多样性的影响,本研究利用纯培养技术分别对在拉萨、林芝、日喀则栽培的藏青2000根部内生固氮菌进行分离、纯化,并测定各菌株的固氮酶活性及高固氮酶活性菌株的溶磷、溶钾及产IAA特性,最后,通过16SrDNA基因测序和构建系统发育树研究了高固氮酶活性菌株的分类学地位。结果显示,通过Ashby培养基分离、纯化得到内生固氮菌37株,其中,具有高固氮酶活性的11株,占总分离菌株27%,有6株菌株具有分泌IAA的能力,2株具有溶钾能力,1株具有溶磷能力。16S rDNA测序结果表明,11株高固氮酶活性的菌中,有5株菌属于Bacillus,为优势菌属,其余菌株分别属于Gemmatimonas、Sphingomonas、Devosia、Agrobacterium、Mesorhizobium和Burkholderia。     

Effects of Exogenous Materials on Nitrogen Photosynthetic Efficiency and Yield Formation of japonica Rice in Cold Region Under Cold Water Stress at Booting Stage

【Objective】Our goal is to develop disaster-reducing, production-preserving and chemical-controlling cultivation techniques to effectively resist cold damage at the booting stage of japonica rice in cold region.【Method】The split plot design and the central combination test design were used to screen out the optimal application concentrations of CaCl2, glutamic acid(Glu), and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA) through the membership function values of yield-related indicators under cold-water stress at booting stage.【Result】1) Under cold water stress at the booting stage, the optimal concentrations of exogenous CaCl2, Glu and GABA (CGG) were 1.87 mmol/L, 2.76 mg/L, 4.40 mmol/L, respectively and the average membership function value is the largest (0.932). 2) Compared with normal irrigation, the nitrogen photosynthetic efficiency of cold-region japonica rice decreased under cold stress at the booting stage. Compared with cold water stress at the booting stage, CGG application at the optimal concentration significantly increased the leaf area index (5.37%) and nitrogen photosynthetic efficiency (4.53%) of Dongnong 428 at the full heading stage; significantly increased leaf biomass per leaf area (2.56%) and leaf area index (3.39%) of Songjing 10 at the full heading stage. 3) Compared with cold water stress at the booting stage, the application of the optimal concentration of CGG increased the dry matter accumulation from heading stage to maturity in the cold-region japonica rice, but it was still lower than that of the normal irrigation, and there were differences between varieties and treatments. 4) Compared with cold water stress at booting stage, the yield and yield components of cold-region japonica rice increased with the application of the optimal concentration CGG, and the impact on cold-sensitive varieties was more significant. 5) Compared with the cold water stress at the booting stage, the average increase in temperature production efficiency of Dongnong 428 and Songjing 10 was 5.55% and 23.72% under the optimal concentrations of CGG, respectively. The contribution rate of exogenous CGG to the gap of temperature production efficiency is 8.99%.【Conclusion】The application of the optimal concentration of CGG under cold water stress at the booting stage promoted leaf growth of cold-region japonica rice at the full heading stage and increased the population nitrogen photosynthetic efficiency, which was beneficial to dry matter accumulation and yield formation after heading stage, thereby reducing the loss of cold-region japonica rice under cold water stress at booting stage and improving the temperature production efficiency of cold-region japonica rice.