两种南海海绵放线菌的分离和培养研究

利用3种培养基对两种南海海绵Axinyssa和Halichondria共附生的放线菌(Actinobacterial)进行分离和培养,共得到41个放线菌菌株,分别属于Brachybacterium、Janibacter、Dermacoccus、Brevibacterium、Saccharomonospora、Arthrobacter、Micromonospora、Tsukamurella和Streptomyces 9个属的14个种,其中Y12和Y13为候选新种属。这些放线菌能抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的生长,其分子方法显示这些放线菌具有产生聚酮类化合物和非核糖体多肽的潜力。     

海口地区平原型热带高尔夫园林造景技法探析

采用实地调查与文献研究相结合、定量分析与定性分析相结合的方法,对海口地区3个平原型热带高尔夫园林的空间布局、植物造景方法、景观元素搭配、人工植物群落进行了调查分析。结果表明:3个球场的空间布局和植物造景都略显单调,隔景和列植分别为其最主要的造景方式;景观元素的搭配形式则较丰富,热带植物及色叶植物的运用使其别具风格和魅力;人工植物群落方面则多以常见园林植物和外来入侵物种为主,缺乏乡土植物的运用和搭配,人工痕迹明显。     

家禽对淀粉的消化及影响因素研究进展

淀粉消化主要是消化酶将淀粉水解成葡萄糖,并通过肠壁吸收进入血液而参与体内代谢的过程。淀粉消化在家禽生长中有着关键作用,不仅影响家禽的生产性能,同时对家禽的糖类和脂类代谢、肠道微生物菌群和肠道形态等都有显著影响。家禽对淀粉的消化与家禽日龄、饲粮淀粉类型、淀粉颗粒大小、支链/直链淀粉比例及非淀粉多糖含量等有关。本文主要综述家禽对淀粉消化特点及淀粉消化对家禽生理代谢的影响,并阐述影响淀粉消化的因素,为改善家禽对淀粉的利用提供理论依据。     

场内巡视电动车的总体设计

依据场内巡视电动车的使用条件并按照法规对电动车的总体设计研究,完成悬架、驱动电机布置、转向系、制动系的选型和设计。     

秸秆替代阔叶木屑代料栽培黑木耳的应用研究

以黑木耳为试材,以玉米芯和大豆秸秆作为原料,按照阔叶木屑与秸秆不同比例,部分替代现有阔叶木屑代料栽培黑木耳,并通过测定不同比例配方培养的黑木耳的生物学特性、质量、产量,筛选出以秸秆与阔叶木屑为原料代料栽培黑木耳的最佳配方。结果表明:秸秆添加量达到60%的条件下,产量并未显著降低,说明秸秆作为部分替代木屑栽培基质的代用物料是可行的。     

土壤中根皮苷和根皮素对桃幼苗的影响

以一年生桃嫁接苗为试材,在盆栽条件下研究了苹果园土壤中特征酚酸类物质——根皮苷和根皮素对桃苗生物量、根系活力、根系保护性酶活性和MDA含量的影响。结果表明,根皮苷对桃幼苗的伤害显著,与对照相比,鲜质量、干质量分别降低了16.66%和21.58%,根系活力降低了33.04%,SOD、POD活性分别降低了40.80%和31.10%,MDA含量提高了116.34%。根皮素对桃苗的影响不大。高锰酸钾处理明显缓解了根皮苷对桃苗的伤害,苹果园土壤中的根皮苷含量降低了57.80%,提高了桃苗的生物量、根系活力和保护性酶活性,降低了MDA含量。综上,老龄苹果园土壤实测含量的根皮苷(0.343mg·kg~(-1))可降低桃苗的生物量,适量的高锰酸钾能缓解根皮苷的伤害作用。     

草莓FaSKP1-1基因的克隆与表达分析

为研究草莓中SCF复合体的功能,以栽培草莓品种‘74’为试材,采用同源克隆的方法分离出2个SKP1基因。这2个基因核苷酸序列全长均为519bp,核苷酸序列相似性为98.46%,氨基酸序列相似性为98.84%,并具有特殊的‘GVDED’尾巴结构,分别命名为FaSKP1-1a和FaSKP1-1b(基因登录号分别为KU975057和KU975058)。RT-PCR和dCAPS分析发现FaSKP1-1a和FaSKP1-1b在草莓根、茎、叶、花托、花粉、花柱、果实中均高表达,在花瓣中表达量低。上述结果表明FaSKP1-1可能在草莓SCF复合体的形成过程中发挥重要作用。     

Evaluation on Tolerance of Montmorillonite as a Mycotoxin Adsorbent

In order to study the tolerance dose of Kunming mice to montmorillonite as a mycotoxin adsorbent in diets,the experiment selected 60 healthy male Kunming mice with initial average body weight of (17±0.12)g,randomly divided them into 5 treatments with two replicates per group and 6 mice per replicate.Five experimental diets were added to 0 (control group),0.5%,1%,2% and 5% montmorillonite,respectively.After 30 days,the growth performance,nutrients apparent digestibility,serum biochemical indices and internal organization were tested to determine the tolerance dose of montmorillonite for Kunming mice.The results showed that the ADFI was significantly increased in 0.5% group (P< 0.05),while there were no significant differences in ADFI and ADG between 1% group and control group (P> 0.05),then the ADFI was significantly decreased with the increasing of montmorillonite supplemental level (P< 0.05).The ADG in 2% group had no significant difference when compared with the control group (P> 0.05),while significantly lower than that in 0.5% and 1% groups (P< 0.05).The apparent digestibility of DM,CP and EE showed no significant effect at any level of montmorillonite (P> 0.05).Serum ALT,AST activities and MDA content were gradually increased with the montmorillonite supplemental level increasing,and that in 1%,2% and 5% groups were significantly higher than that in control group (P< 0.05),but there were no significant differences between 0.5% group and control group (P> 0.05).Tissue sections showed that mice livers were damaged in varying degrees when the montmorillonite supplemental level was 5%.In conclusion,based on a comprehensive consideration of all indexes,it could be seen that the tolerance dose of the tested montmorillonite for Kunming mice was between 0.5% and 2% when mycotoxin contents in diets were in security range.     

Comparison of phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities in skins and pulps of eleven grape cultivars(Vitis vinifera L.)

Eleven grape cultivars were analysed to explore the variety differences of fresh grape phenolic profiles. The results showed that free phenolics were predominant in grape skins and pulps, and showed the higher antioxidant activities than bound. In 11 cultivars, Muscat Kyoho extracts had the highest total phenolic content in skins(10.525 mg GAE g~(–1) FW) and pulps(1.134 mg GAE g~(–1) FW), and exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavening capacity(EC_(50)=11.7 μg mL~(–1)) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC) value(190.57 μmol TE g~(–1) FW) of free phenolic in skin. In addition, the most abundant phenolics in grape skins were found to be flavonoids such as kaempferol in Kyoho skin(541.2 μg g~(–1) FW), rutin, catechin and epicatechin in Muscat Kyoho skin(262.3, 86.3 and 70.0 μg g~(–1) FW, respectively). Furthermore, the principal component analysis showed a strong difference of phenolic profiles with the cultivars, existing forms and distributions. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant linear correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity(P0.05). Therefore, both skins and pulps were rich sources of bioactive phenolic compounds, and Muscat Kyoho was the ideal source among all samples.