Sulphate Attack Resistance of the Concrete with Additives and Its Assessment

The influence of three kinds of additives: silica fume,slag and fly ash on the sulphate attack resistance of concrete were studied.The experiment results show that these three kinds of additives can improve sulphate attack resistance of the concrete and the order of their efficiency from high to low is silica fume,slag and fly ash;the development of mortar expansion value is closely related to the degree of sulphate attack resistance of the concrete;integrated assessing two concrete properties: mortar expansion value and compressive strength ratio can more exactly assess the sulphate attack resistance of the concrete.     

早熟高产优质抗病大豆新品种黑河19特征特性

黑河19大豆早熟、高产稳产、优质、抗病、秆强、喜肥水、不炸荚、适应性广，一般产量2488～2861kg／hm^2，增产幅度10．02％～13．90％，高产攻关或窄行密植可达3750kg／hm^2，2002～2004连续3年累计推广面积81万hm^2，增产大豆2．2亿kg。     

Empirical Analysis of the Demand of Rail Freight Transport in China on Basis of VAR Model

With the rapid development of road and other transport modes in China, the railway freight transport is confronted with great challenge. So, the relations of rail freight transport, development of national economy and extension of railway become focuses. This paper makes a cointegreting VAR model according to the data from Chinese Statistical Year Book. On the basis of the model of the long-run and short-run equilibrium of rail freight demand are analyzed, The result shows that the rail freight transport in China has a stable and low elastic coefficient of income and a high but unstable elastic coefficient of supply in long-run. In short dynamics, the national economy is the first factor affecting rail freight demand and in the second term the innovation reaches a top point. Extension of railway has little effect on rail freight transport. The innovations from rail freight transport and railway extension has little impulse on national economy. Rail freight is the important factor affecting extension of rail-way with a third-term top, but GDP has a little impulse on it. Further analysis on the result and suggestion on policy are made.     

采用一种新型RNAi载体培育转基因高直链淀粉马铃薯

采用PCR技术分别克隆nos终止子、烟草axi1内含子和烟草ubi.u4启动子,亚克隆部分与马铃薯Sbe1同源、部分与Sbe2同源的融合基因SIII,构建具有“ubi.u4启动子—反向SIII—反向nos终止子—axi1内含子—正向nos终止子”结构的异源3¢端UTR反向重复序列型RNAi载体pCUSNI,采用农杆菌介导法转化马铃薯品种陇薯3号、甘农薯2号和大西洋,获得了16个转基因植株,其中14个的块茎直链淀粉含量大幅度增加,表观直链淀粉含量介于53.80%~85.33%;但随着直链淀粉含量的升高,转基因马铃薯淀粉含量下降。半定量RT-PCR分析表明,在直链淀粉含量超过80%的转基因株系中检测不到Sbe1和Sbe2基因mRNA的积累。结果表明,异源3¢端UTR反向重复序列型RNAi载体pCUSNI能够高频、高效地同时抑制马铃薯Sbe1和Sbe2基因的表达,是一个优良的RNAi载体。以载体pCUSNI为基础,再以植物的其他基因为靶,只需在pCUSNI的BamH I和Sac I位点之间插入干涉片段替换SIII即可完成载体构建,而不必构建靶标基因的反向重复序列,使载体制备迅速便捷。     

叶绿体型转昆虫抗冻蛋白基因烟草的耐寒性

根据已构建的大豆叶绿体表达载体pJY01,设计特异性引物,将昆虫抗冻蛋白基因MpAFP149插入此载体中构成叶绿体表达载体pJY01-MpAFP149,利用基因枪轰击法转化烟草,经壮观霉素筛选获得4株叶绿体型转抗冻蛋白基因烟草株系。PCR和PCR-Southern结果显示外源基因已整合至烟草叶绿体基因组中但同质化水平不高,RT-PCR结果也表明昆虫抗冻蛋白基因已发生了转录。将野生型烟草、叶绿体型转抗冻蛋白基因烟草及核转化T₁代转抗冻蛋白基因烟草(pCAMBIA1302- MpAFP149)于–1℃低温处理3 d,观察耐寒表型及测定相对电导率。结果表明, 叶绿体型转基因烟草的耐寒表型优于野生型烟草,但与核转化的T₁代转抗冻蛋白基因烟草无显著差异。处理3 d时,叶绿体型转基因烟草和T₁代转抗冻蛋白基因烟草的电导率分别为39.2%和38.2%,而野生型烟草已达73.7%。本实验获得的异质化转叶绿体抗冻蛋白基因烟草与转核基因烟草的耐寒力无差异。     

腐殖酸对烤烟土壤性状及烟叶品质的影响

2006-2007年在河南郏县进行田间试验,研究腐殖酸对土壤微生物数量、酶活性和烟叶品质的影响.结果表明,使用腐殖酸肥料后,耕层土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌、磷细菌、钾细菌和氨化细菌的数量,土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶的活性及烟叶品质均比对照有不同程度提高.腐殖酸与放线菌和氨化细菌呈极显著正相关关系,与烟碱、淀粉含量呈极显著负相关关系.其中以750 kg/hm~2腐殖酸用量处理的效果最好.     

水分胁迫对夏玉米干物质积累与分配的影响

采用盆栽方法,通过设置不同的水分处理,研究水分胁迫对夏玉米生长发育的影响.从根、茎秆、叶、叶鞘、雌穗等器官水平上考察水分胁迫对夏玉米物质积累、分配等的影响,以及不同水分处理下各器官对夏玉米干物质积累的贡献率.分析发现,不同水分条件下,叶片、茎秆和叶鞘三者是干物质积累的重要来源,在灌浆期以前,叶片是最主要的干物质积累器官.在灌浆前后期,叶片所占的比重分别为22%,21%;茎秆也是夏玉米干物质积累的来源之一,在抽雄初期,T_3茎秆占总重的26%,在抽雄后期T_4茎秆比重为30%.茎秆在吐丝期和灌浆后期的比重分别为24%和23%,而水分胁迫(T_8)的叶鞘比重分别为21%和18%;在生殖生长阶段,植株对水分胁迫非常敏感;水分胁迫下有利于干物质的快速积累,即缩短灌浆期.     

FEM技术用于车门设计的研究

介绍了解决有限元FEM(fin ite elem entm ethod)技术用于某小型运输车车门设计的关键问题的方法。对没有用加强板进行加强的车门进行了下沉工况静力分析和自由状态的模态分析,得到了车门的固有频率及其相应振型,对车门的静刚度和动刚度做出了评价,为进一步设计提供了参考。     

高压双电源智能投切控制系统的开发

针对不间断供电的广泛需求,基于对电压、电流采样、检测和比较的工作原理,利用ARM对电源状况进行检测和判断并进行相应的控制,实现了双电源供电的自动切换和自投自复、不自复、自动脱扣检测、断电再扣等功能,从硬件结构、软件编制等方面进行了较详细的讨论。     

微流控芯片在农产品安全检测中的应用

近年来,随着食品工业的迅猛发展,国内外食品安全事故也频繁发生。开发安全可靠、便携有效的检测方法对食品安全至关重要。微流控芯片集样品前处理、分离和检测等过程为一体,实现了样品前处理和检测分析的自动化、集成化、小型化、低消耗、高效率和便携化,满足了现场、实时检测的需求。本研究对微流控芯片在食品成分、农药残留、兽药残留、食品添加剂和重金属检测中的应用进行归纳总结,为农产品安全检测提供参考。