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81.
S. Goldental-Cohen I. Biton Y. Many K. Tavrizov A.M. Dourou H. Zemach 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2019,94(4):488-498
A typical olive (Olea europaea L.) inflorescence consists of about 20 flowers. However, in many cultivars, only one fruit develops. This is due to massive abscission of flowers and fruitlets, which occurs during the first month after anthesis. In this study, we used the olive cultivar 'Barnea' to characterize the abscission mechanism and to try to increase fruit set by increasing the number of developed fruit per inflorescence. Removing the lateral flowers 3 weeks before anthesis increased fruit set by more than 50%. Removing all inflorescences but one from a branch increased the number of developed fruits from 0.93 to 2.8 during 2017 and from 0.91 to 3.34 fruits per inflorescence in 2018. Sugar quantification in the pistil revealed that starch level is high on the day of anthesis and low 25 days later in abscised as well as in developed fruit. Soluble carbohydrates are low on the day of anthesis, low in abscised flowers/fruitlets 25 days after anthesis and high in developed fruit. Screening the natural variation found in the Israeli germplasm collection revealed that in most cultivars less than one fruit per inflorescence has developed. However, there are unique cultivars with a higher fruit set. 相似文献
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84.
已知抗瘟基因在黑龙江省寒地稻区的评价与利用 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
利用12个日本鉴别品种、7个中国鉴别品种、24个抗稻瘟病单基因系及6个当地主栽品种,对2006年采自该省主要积温区不同水稻品种的178个稻瘟病菌株进行了致病性测定。结果表明:2006年黑龙江省稻瘟病菌生理小种划分为104个日本小种,077.7号生理小种比例最高为4.49%,017.1号、017.5号、037.5号生理小种出现频率为3.93%。就抗性基因而言,抗瘟基因Pi9(t)在全省抗谱为97.75%,是较好的抗源可以在全省内广泛利用;Piz-5、Pi12(t)抗瘟基因抗谱分别为78.09%和78.65%,根据品种种植区域可以有选择地利用。就品种而言,抗瘟基因Pi9(t)、Piz-5是空育131;Pi5(t)、Pita-2是垦稻10号;Pi9(t)、Pita是上育397;Piz-5、Pi12(t)是垦稻12号等品种抗瘟改良的有利基因;在研究中同时加强对稻瘟病菌种群的监测和新抗源的发掘,有针对性地向主栽品种导入新的抗性基因。 相似文献
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86.
The joint action of fungicides in mixtures: comparison of two methods for synergy calculation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Two methods for evaluating the joint action of fungicides in mixtures were analysed. In order to obtain a relatively rapid answer on the type of interaction between fungicides in a mixture (additivity, synergism or antagonism), one can apply the Abbott formula to data on fungus survival. Tests with this method will not be accurate at high effective dose values. A more accurate determination of the joint action of fungicides can be made by the Wadley method, applied to data on effective doses. This involves more experimental work than the Abbott method. Optimization of mixing ratios of fungicides required a set of experimental data on effective doses with several mixing ratios. 相似文献
87.
Biological Control of Sclerotinia Diseases of Rapeseed by Aerial Applications of the Mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G. Q. Li H. C. Huang H. J. Miao R. S. Erickson D. H. Jiang Y. N. Xiao 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,114(4):345-355
Indoor and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of applying the mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans to the aerial parts of rapeseed plants at the flowering stage to control sclerotinia diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Under controlled conditions, a petal inoculation technique was used to determine the effect of conidial suspensions of C. minitans on suppression of sclerotinia leaf blight. Results showed that C. minitans was effective in inhibiting infection initiated by ascospores of S. sclerotiorum on flower petals by restricting mycelial growth of the pathogen. Suppression of lesion development was related to the conidial
concentration of C. minitans, with larger lesions at low concentration (5×103conidia ml−1), but smaller lesions at high concentration (5×104 conidia ml−1 or higher). When C. minitans-treated rapeseed leaves were inoculated with mycelia of S. sclerotiorum, C. minitans failed to prevent infection of leaves, but caused a significant reduction in number of sclerotia produced on the diseased
leaves. No significant difference in efficacy was detected between the two isolates of C. minitans, LRC 2137 and Chy-1, on the two rapeseed cultivars, Westar (spring type) and Zhongyou 821 (winter type). Results of field
trials showed a significant reduction of stem rot of rapeseed in four (1997, 1999, 2003 and 2004) out of five years by aerial
application of C. minitans, compared with controls. No significant difference in suppressive efficacy was observed between the treatments of C. minitans (106 conidia ml−1), C. minitans (106 conidia ml−1) + benomyl (50 μg ml−1) and benomyl (100 μg ml−1) in 2003, and between the treatments of C. minitans (106 conidia ml−1), C. minitans (106 conidia ml−1) + vinclozolin (100 μg ml−1) and vinclozolin (500 μg ml−1) in 2004. Sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum collected from diseased plants in plots treated with C. minitans in 1999, 2000 and 2003, or with C. minitans + benomyl in 2003 were infected by C. minitans at frequencies ranging from 21.3 to 54.5%. This study concludes that aerial spraying of C. minitans is an effective method for controlling sclerotinia diseases of rapeseed. 相似文献
88.
本研究采用单小花滴注和喷雾接种方法对3个抗病品种(‘望水白’、‘苏麦3号’、‘扬麦16’)和3个感病品种(‘周麦18’、‘矮抗58’、‘豫保1号’)的赤霉病抗性进行分析,并用ELISA测定了籽粒、颖壳和穗轴中的DON毒素水平。结果表明:两种方法接种后第20天,除‘望水白’外,抗病品种的病级日扩展速率和病小穗率都显著低于感病品种(P0.05);单小花滴注接种条件下,除‘周麦18’的籽粒和‘矮抗58’的穗轴外,抗病品种的籽粒、颖壳、穗轴中的DON毒素含量显著低于感病品种的籽粒、颖壳、穗轴中的DON毒素含量(P0.05);而喷雾接种条件下,抗病品种与感病品种的籽粒、颖壳中的DON毒素含量差异不显著,而穗轴中的DON毒素含量差异显著(P0.05)。除个别情况外,6个品种中,籽粒中DON毒素水平颖壳中DON毒素水平穗轴中DON毒素水平(P0.05)。 相似文献
89.
90.
梨树在自然水分亏缺下的生理反应 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
1994~1996年对梨树在自然水分亏缺和水分充足条件下的主要水分生理参数、气孔相对开张度(RSOD)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和光合速率(Pn)进行了比较研究。结果表明,梨树属于低水势耐旱类型,在自然水分亏缺下,其叶水势(ψw)显著降低,膨压(ψp)明显增高,而RSOD、Tr和Pn则无显著变化。梨树具有明显的渗透调节和一定的弹性调节作用,在中度水分亏缺下,其渗透调节能力△π100或△π0分别为0.44MPa和0.77MPa,弹性调节能力△|β|和△εmax分别为2.78和3.19。另外,在自然水分亏缺下,梨树叶片还具有较强的保水能力,反映在基本无变化的膨压消失点的相对含水量(R0)、叶表面水分散失率(WL0)和明显高于CK的一定ψw下的相对含水量(R)值以及无灌溉园较高的εmax或|β|等方面。 相似文献