20种植物提取物对马铃薯晚疫病菌的抗菌活性研究

在室内测试了20种植物提取物对马铃薯晚疫病菌的抑菌作用,结果表明9种植物提取物对 孢子囊萌发具有显著的抑制作用,6种植物提取物对孢子囊产生具有显著的抑制作用。其中Ts-86、 Ts-39、Ts-109和Ts-121四种提取物抑菌效果与化学药剂“Ridomil”3000倍达到同一显著水平,并对 其进行了进一步测试。结果表明,Ts-86对马铃薯晚疫病菌产孢及孢子囊萌发的抑制效果显著优于另 外3种提取物,与“Ridomil”3000倍达到同一显著水平。     

Concentration of airborne endotoxins and airborne bacteria in Chinese rabbit houses

Concentration of airborne endotoxins, airborne aerobic bacteria and airborne aerobic gram-negative bacteria were measured in 3 rabbit houses. Further, the species composition of the airborne gram-negative bacterial flora was investigated. The total amount of airborne endotoxin ranged from 22 to 774 EU/m3 (Endotoxin Units/m3). The number of total airborne aerobic bacteria varied between 780 and 20100 CFU/m3, the number of airborne aerobic gram-negative bacteria between 39 and 1030 CFU/m3. Most gram-negative bacterial isolates belonged to the family Enterobacteriaceae with E. coli as primary species. In two rabbit houses also airborne Pasteurella multocida spp. multocida, the most common respiratory pathogen of rabbits, was isolated.     

布鲁氏菌病活疫苗(M5-90株)免疫绵羊试验

为掌握布鲁氏菌病活疫苗(M5-90株)免疫后的绵羊抗体水平、消长情况和不良反应发生情况,选择育肥羊和怀孕母羊各100只,分别用皮下注射免疫和点眼免疫法,开展了3个月的跟踪观察和定期检测。结果表明:布鲁氏菌病活疫苗(M5-90株)对育肥羊注射免疫后15 d的平板凝集抗体转阳率达100.0%,90 d降至22.7%;点眼免疫后15 d的平板凝集抗体转阳率达85.4%,90 d日降至0;个别3月龄以下育肥羊对注射免疫和点眼免疫均会发生一定程度不良反应,甚至死亡。活疫苗(M5-90株)对怀孕母羊皮下注射免疫后15 d的平板凝集抗体转阳率达100%,90 d降至14%;点眼免疫后15 d的平板凝集抗体转阳率达95.9%,90 d降至6.4%;注射免疫和点眼免疫均能造成一定比例的母羊流产和其他不良反应。因此,布鲁氏菌病活疫苗(M5-90株)不宜用于3月龄以下羔羊和怀孕母羊的免疫。     

气候变化对山东棉花品种选育的影响

基于山东省气候变化的有关研究,阐述了气候变化对山东省棉花生产的影响,探讨了在气候变暖条件下山东植棉区对棉花品种的需求,并提出了山东省棉花品种选育的建议,为山东棉花新品种的选育提供参考。     

Meat and nutritional quality comparison of purebred and crossbred pigs

Crossbreeding is an effective method of improving the efficiency and profit of production in commercial pig operations. To understand the effect of crossbreeding on meat and nutrient quality, a combination including three purebred (Duroc, D; Landrace, L; Yorkshire, Y) and two crossbred pig lines (Landrace × Yorkshire, LY; Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire), DLY) frequently used internationally were studied. The results showed that meat from the LY and DLY crosses had lower values for lightness , shear force and epinephrine and higher values for drip loss, C18:1, insulin, glucagon and monounsaturated fatty acids than D, L and Y pigs. Moreover, LY had higher values for post mortem pH and lower values for a* and b* than the purebreds. In contrast, DLY had lower values for pH and higher values for a* and b* than the purebreds. Meat quality‐related gene analysis showed that the CAST, IGF2 and MC4R gene expression levels in the LY and DLY pigs were significantly higher than those in the D, L and Y pigs. These results indicate that crossbreeding can alter the meat quality, nutritive value, energy metabolism and gene expression of pigs. Future research should focus on microRNA expression and DNA methylation that regulate gene expression and thus affect the meat quality.     

Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α and Interleukin‐6 Concentrations in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Dogs After Seizures

Background

Idiopathic and acquired epilepsy are common in dogs. Up to 30% of these dogs are refractory to pharmacological treatment. Accumulating experimental evidence indicates that brain immune response and presence of inflammatory mediators decrease the threshold for individual seizures and contribute to epileptogenesis.

Hypothesis

Dogs with seizures have higher cerebrospinal interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) concentrations compared to dogs with no seizures.

Methods

A prospective double blinded study; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum IL‐6, TNF‐α and total protein (TP) concentrations were measured by a blinded investigator for the study group and CSF IL‐6 and TNF‐α levels and TP concentrations were measured in the control group (CG).

Animals

Dogs presented with seizures that had enough CSF collected to allow analysis were included in the study group. Twelve apparently healthy, quarantined, stray dogs served as control (CG).

Results

Cerebrospinal fluid TNF‐α and IL‐6 concentrations were significantly higher (P = .011, P = .039) in dogs with seizures (0 ± 70.66, 0.65 ± 10.93 pg/mL) compared to the CG (0 ± 19, 0.73 ± 0.55 pg/mL). When assessing cytokine concentrations of specifically the idiopathic epilepsy (IE) dogs compared to the CG, only TNF‐α concentrations (8.66 ± 62, 0 ± 19 pg/mL) were significantly higher (P = .01). CSF TP concentrations were not significantly higher in the study dogs compared to the CG.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Higher TNF‐α and IL‐6 concentration in the CSF of dogs with naturally occurring seizures. The higher supports the hypothesis that inflammatory processes through certain mediators play a role in the pathogenesis of seizures in dogs.     

南海北部(石匈)洲岛周围水域中的墨吉对虾资源

本文对(石匈)洲岛周围水域墨吉对虾的移动、繁殖习性和幼、成虾的数量分布特点以及环境因子对幼、成虾数量的影响进行了分析。并估算出其生长和死亡的参数,应用单位补充量产量分析和体长股分析的方法进行资源评估。     

Barley yellow dwarf virus-infected wheat plant modulated selection behavior of vector aphids

Journal of Pest Science - Evolution of the spread strategies of plant pathogens may be described using the vector manipulation hypothesis (VMH), which posits that pathogens can enhance their...     

我校公共选修课现状及其应对分析

本文通过我校开设公共选修课的实践经验,阐述了校级选修课在培养大学生科学文化素质方面所起到的重要作用,以及现阶段我校公共选修课面临的各种问题。并针对所出现的问题提出解决措施。