Agronomic performance of late-season rice in South China

Improving rice yields is critical for global food security. China is a major rice-producing country having two rice cropping systems, i.e. single-season rice cropping system and a double-season system with both early- and late-season rice. There have been reports on the sink-source traits contributing to high grain yield for single- and early-season rice, but such information is limited for late-season rice. In this study, field experiments were conducted at the research farm of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China in the late rice-growing season. Grain yield and sink-source traits were compared among five cultivars (Guiliangyou 2, Teyou 838, Y-liangyou 087, Teyou 582, and Yuxiangyouzhan) in 2012 and then three cultivars (Guiliangyou 2, Teyou 838, and Y-liangyou 087) in 2013. Y-liangyou 087 produced 6–26% higher grain yield than did the other cultivars. This higher grain yield was driven by improvements in sink-source capacity. Sink capacity was 8–31% higher in Y-liangyou 087 than in the other cultivars. Well-balanced relations between spikelets m^?2 and grain weight was responsible for the higher sink capacity in Y-liangyou 087. The result was that Y-liangyou 087 produced 11–17% greater biomass (source capacity) than did the other cultivars. The greater source capacity in Y-liangyou 087 was mainly attributed to higher radiation use efficiency (RUE). Our study suggests that enhancing sink capacity through balanced relations between number of spikelets per unit land area and grain size, while improving source capacity through increasing RUE is a feasible way to achieve higher grain yield of late-season rice in South China.     

Working Conditions on the Afterglow Characteristics of Rare-earth Luminous Fibers

To test and clarify the stability of afterglow performance of luminescent fibers can accelerate the step of the commercialized application on luminescent textiles. This work investigated the possible effects of a number of working conditions on the afterglow characteristics of luminous fibers. The fibers in our studies did not show any significant change in their afterglow brightness and duration after storage for 12 months under conditions of constant temperature and humidity, after 5 hours of light exposure, or soaking in water for 4 hours. The insignificant decay appears to follow the same mechanism. Thermal perturbation seemed to cause some changes to the initial brightness and decay time with the best performance being observed at about 80°C. Moreover, contact with acid or base for 5 minutes only resulted in slight reduction of the afterglow brightness. Our studies thus indicate a high degree of stability of the afterglow performance of the luminous fibers used.     

The synergy effect of Graphene/SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> hybrid materials on reinforcing and toughening epoxy resin

Based on the situ preparation of silica nanoparticles (SiO₂) on the surface of Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in the previous work, these unique three dimensional (3D) materials were introduced into epoxy resin to study the reinforcing and toughening synergy effect on the composites. Firstly, the tensile tests showed that Graphene/SiO₂ hybrid materials attached with different size of SiO₂ particles exhibited different reinforcing and toughening effect on the composites. With the increasing of the diameter of SiO₂ particles, the toughness and strength properties of the composites firstly improved and then decreased, and when the average diameter was 0.14 μm, the elongation reached the max.. Meanwhile, the fractured surfaces presented on SEM images were consistent with the results of the tensile tests, which further explained the hybrid materials increased the interfacial adhesion between the fillers and matrix, leading to significant improvement in mechanical properties. Moreover, the DSC curves demonstrated that Graphene/SiO₂ hybrid materials accelerated the curing process of epoxy resin due to the cross-link structure between fillers and matrix. Lastly, the crack propagation modes were built to clarify the synergy effect mechanism of reinforcing and toughening on nanoparticles/epoxy resin composites.     

中国新疆小反刍兽疫病毒F基因序列分析

为分析中国新疆小反刍兽疫病毒(PPRV)毒株分子演变特点和疫情传播路线,从GenBank数据库下载所有国家全部的PPRVF基因全序列,应用DNAStar软件,结合疫情毒株时空分布进行序列分析。结果显示,中国新疆PPRV株F基因全序列,与2014年小反刍兽疫情中河南和北京毒株核苷酸的同源性最高,为99.8%~99.9%,与中国西藏3个毒株核苷酸的同源性为97.7%,与中国采用的疫苗株核苷酸同源性为92.9%,核苷酸同源性最低的是肯尼亚毒株,与国外毒株核苷酸同源性最高的是印度毒株。F基因系统进化关系分析显示,中国新疆PPRV株属于基因Ⅳ系。F蛋白氨基酸同源性结果显示,除与科特迪瓦1989年毒株ICV89氨基酸同源性最低外,与其他氨基酸同源性比对结果均与核苷酸的比对结果一致。中国新疆PPRV株存在一定程度的变异,可能是由周边国家传入。     

紧邻立交桥的连续墙受力分析和安全性评价

以深圳地铁车公庙交通枢纽7 & 9号线车站深基坑工程为研究背景,选取典型的监测断面,埋置混凝土应变计,进行地下连续墙的内力测试,分析了连续墙在深基坑开挖过程中的内力变化规律,并对连续墙的安全性进行了评价,得到以下结论:随着基坑开挖深度的增加,地下连续墙的内力变化越发明显,基坑负二层和负三层开挖对连续墙的内力变化影响较大,应重点关注和监测;根据现场测试数据得到两侧地下连续墙的内力变化并非完全一致,主要受到紧邻基坑开挖和周边建筑物的影响;最后计算得到地下连续墙处于安全状态。     

基于数据世系管理的精准农业不确定性复杂事件处理

伴随物联网采集数据流的增加和对复杂事件匹配的准确性、可靠性要求的提高,不确定性复杂事件处理的研究得到广泛的关注。精准农业中存在大量的RFID及传感器监测数据,但是监测硬件和无线通信技术不能保证100%的可信数据,因此需要一个能应用在精准农业中处理不确定事件的流处理引擎。本文在现有流处理引擎SASE基础上,加入概率流理论和数据世系管理理论,提出一种新型的复杂事件处理引擎PUCEP,可以计算输出复杂事件的概率,同时提高不确定性复杂事件的匹配效率,从而减少计算资源消耗和反应时间,提高整个系统的实时性。实验使用温室传感器采集数据,结果表明所提方法对处理概率事件流的复杂事件是有效的。     

农机总动力影响因素的灰色关联分析——基于G-P算法

应用混沌理论中的饱和关联维数法(G-P)与灰色关联分析法,对黑龙江省农机总动力的影响因素进行量化分析;以黑龙江省农机总动力作为灰色关联的模型输出因子及饱和关联维数法计算的对象,从农业劳动力、土地生产规模、购买农机的经济环境及农机具的装备数量等4个不同的角度出发,选择14个不同的农机总动力影响因素作为灰色关联的输入因子。最终,由饱和关联维数法计算农机总动力的嵌入维数,并与灰色关联法对影响因素进行对比分析,得出了影响黑龙江省农机发展的8个主要影响因素,对主要影响因素进行了深入分析,并根据分析结果提出了促进农业机械化发展的建议。     

车辆电气系统特点对电器故障诊断的支撑

介绍了通过车辆电气系统的低压、直流、单线制、并联连接、负极搭铁、设有保险装置及车辆线路有颜色和编号特征的7个特点,快速进行现代车辆电器故障诊断的思路和方法。      

虾粉生产方式对南极磷虾油品质的影响

为了保护南极磷虾油中的生物活性物质,提取虾油的虾粉生产环节非常重要。为探究更佳的虾粉生产方式,研究了虾粉生产过程中的温度和含水量对虾油品质的影响,并通过能耗计算确定了最优工艺。结果表明,南极磷虾含水量高于10％,高温对脂质的影响略高于低温;含水量低于10％,高温会使脂质严重酸败。但高温操作干燥速度快、能量利用效率高,相比于50℃,80℃下烘干能使生产效率提高1倍,能耗降低25％。因此,为兼顾生产效率和活性物质保护,选择先80℃烘干到含水量15％再50℃烘干的阶段式干燥方式,取代单一温度操作的干燥方式。新的虾粉生产方式比目前采用的生产方式效率提高将近1倍,能耗降低24％。