浅议如何提高高校图书馆数据库利用率

当前各高校图书馆数据库的数量与日俱增．在数据库数量不断增加的同时．情况,发现并不是每个数据库的利用率都很理想,有不少数据库的利用率还一定的浪费。以贵州大学图书馆为例．通过研究贵州大学图书馆数据库的利利用率低的原因,并提出提高高校图书馆数据库利用率的一些措施和建议、,各高校开始关注数据库的使用比较低．对学校的投入造成了用现状．具体分析导致数据库     

基于生物量分配格局的植物生长策略研究进展

由于植物的生物量是其获取外界资源的基础,生物量分配是植物对资源利用最大化的一种生长策略,探讨了不同环境下的生长策略有助于预测未来环境变化下植物的生长和分布趋势.分别从自然环境和人为干扰两种因素下综述了植物在不同生态条件下生物量的分配格局,总结了在不同生长条件下植物各构件生物量分配差异,阐述了植物通过改变地上与地下部分,...     

基于全卷积网络的哺乳母猪图像分割

猪舍场景下,光照变化、母猪体表颜色不均及与环境颜色对比度不大、母猪与仔猪的粘连等,均给目标分割带来很大的困难。该文提出了基于全卷积网络(FCN,fully convolutional networks)的哺乳母猪图像分割算法。以VGG16为基础网络,采用融合深层抽象特征与浅层细节特征并将融合的特征图上采样8倍的跳跃式结构,设计哺乳母猪分割的FCN。利用Caffe深度学习框架,以7栏伴有不同日龄仔猪的3811幅哺乳母猪训练样本进行母猪分割FCN训练,在另外21栏的523幅哺乳母猪测试集上的分割结果表明:该算法可有效避免光线变化、母猪颜色不均、小猪遮挡与粘连等影响,实现完整的哺乳母猪区域分割;分割的平均准确率达到99.28%,平均区域重合度达到95.16%,平均速度达到0.22 s/幅。与深度卷积网络的SDS(simultaneous detection and segmentation)及传统的基于图论的图像分割、基于水平集的图像分割方法做了对比试验,该文分割方法平均区域重合度分别比这3种方法高出9.99、31.96和26.44个百分点,有较好的泛化性和鲁棒性,实现了猪舍场景下哺乳母猪准确、快速分割,可为猪只图像分割提供了技术参考。     

防蛾灯照射对大白菜生长及营养品质的影响

[目的]探究绿黄波段防蛾灯照射对大白菜生长指标、产量及营养品质的影响,为防蛾灯的应用和大面积推广提供科学依据.[方法]分别以565~585 nm波段黄光和515~535 nm波段绿光的防蛾灯照射大白菜幼苗,以不进行光处理为对照,测定大白菜生长指标、成熟期产量及光合色素和代谢产物的含量.[结果]绿黄光照射对大白菜生长指标(根长、株高、叶片数、叶面积、鲜重、干重和成熟期产量)、叶绿素及可溶性糖含量无明显影响,各指标与对照相比无显著差异(P>0.05,下同);与对照相比,绿光和黄光照射处理极显著提高了大白菜叶片中维生素C含量(P<0.01),分别增加了36.54%和15.00%;游离氨基酸含量以黄光照射处理最高,分别显著高于对照和绿光照射处理33.00%和29.50%(P<0.05,下同);可溶性蛋白含量以绿光照射处理最高,显著高于对照28.34%,较黄光处理高24.28%,但差异不显著;绿、黄光照射处理后大白菜叶片中粗纤维含量显著增加,分别较对照增加5.1%和5.6%.[结论]绿黄光防蛾灯照射对大白菜生长、产量及营养品质均无负面影响,且可在一定程度上改善大白菜的营养品质,可在大白菜生产中推广应用防蛾灯.     

水稻杂种后代稻米直链淀粉含量的配合力分析

选用稻米直链淀粉含量比较相近的６个粳稻品种,采用Ｇｒｉｆｉｎｇ双列杂交方法四,再结合直链淀粉含量的单粒测定方法,对亲本在Ｆ１、Ｆ２代植株上结实的Ｆ２、Ｆ３稻米直链淀粉含量配合力作了分析。结果表明,稻米直链淀粉含量的ＧＣＡ和ＳＣＡ方差均极显著,表明在本试验中基因加性效应和非加性效应均起重要作用。但,由于二个世代的ｇｃａＭｓ／ｓｃａＭｓ值大于１或显著,且随着世代的推进这一比值又明显增加,因此,稻米直链淀粉含量在杂种后代的表现主要还是由基因加性效应决定。在Ｆ２的胚乳表现中基因非加性效应的作用很大,随着世代的增加,加性基因的作用越显重要。在总的遗传变异中,Ｆ２种子主要以非加性变异为主,Ｆ３种子主要以加性变异为主,但非加性变异仍然占很大比重。配合力效应两世代间相关不显著,亲本稻米直链淀含量的高低与一般配合力的高低并不一致。     

Glutathione content of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes collected from different reproductive stages

Glutathione (GSH) concentrations of oocytes are considered as an important marker of the cytoplasmic maturation. The present study was designed to compare GSH concentrations of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes. In vivo matured oocytes were collected 72 hr after ovulation by flushing fallopian tubes after laparotomy. Ovaries were collected from bitches with different reproductive stages, and collected oocytes were divided into 2 groups according to the size viz. < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter and cultured for 72 hr in Tissue Culture Medium-199 supplemented with 10% FBS, 2.2 mg/ml sodium bicarbonate, 2.0 microg/ml estrogen, 0.5 microg/ml FSH, 0.03 IU/ml hCG, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution in the presence or absence of 50 microM beta-mercaptoethanol. GSH concentrations were determined by the dithionitrobenzoic acid-glutathione disulfide (DTNB-GSSG) reductase recycling assay. GSH concentrations of immature canine oocytes were 2.9 and 3.8, 3.5 and 6.8, and 3.1 and 6.5 pM/oocyte for < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter oocyte groups at anestrous, follicular and luteal stage, respectively (P<0.05). In vivo matured oocytes had significantly higher GSH concentrations compared with in vitro matured oocytes. The GSH content was 19.2 pM/oocyte for in vivo matured oocytes, while 4.1 to 8.1 and 5.7 to 13.2 pM/oocyte for in vitro matured oocytes cultured in the absence or presence of beta-mercaptoethanol, respectively (P<0.05). Presence of beta-mercaptoethanol increased GSH synthesis in canine oocytes cultured in vitro, and oocytes collected from follicular and luteal stage was superior to anestrus oocytes.     

半干旱黄土丘陵区沙棘优良品种引种栽培试验研究

1994-2003年在黄土高原半干旱区的陕西吴旗县、安塞县进行中国沙棘优良类型和俄罗斯优良沙棘品种引种试验,采用家系选择法初步筛选出5个中国沙棘生态经济型优良单株,对3个俄罗斯良种沙棘的生长适应性经济性状进行了评价。前者生长迅速、树冠好、根系发达、郁闭快、水土保持效益好,果实较大、单株产量较高、Vc和含油量较高,适于在黄土丘陵区种植;后者经济性状较好,果实大、无刺或少刺,但适应性较中国沙棘差。     

金属硫蛋白应用研究进展

金属硫蛋白是一类低分子质量、高巯基含量、能结合金属离子具有独特性能的蛋白质。金属硫蛋白具有强烈的消除自由基的作用,可作为营养添加剂单独使用,或与GSH、VC、VE等配合使用,同时具有抑制脂质过氧化损伤、保护细胞、降低血液粘度、改善血液循环和提高机体免疫等多种生物功能。文章主要阐述了MT在吸收及动力学、医学、化妆品、保健食品中的应用研究。     

Soybean oil content QTL mapping and integrating with meta-analysis method for mining genes

Oil content of soybean was a valuable quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. Eleven QTLs were detected by both CIM and MIM method with the population crossed between Charleston and Dong nong594 in recent 3 years (2007, 2008, 2009). Combining the QTLs collected over the past 20 years, an integrated map of oil-content major QTLs in soybean was established using soymap2, which was published in 2004, as a reference. Using the software BioMercator ver.2.1, QTLs were projected from their own maps onto the reference map. In total, ninety-eight QTLs were integrated into soymap2. A meta-analysis method was used to narrow down the confidence interval, and 20 consensus QTLs and their corresponding markers were obtained. Using a local version of GENSCAN, 10,137 sequences in the consensus QTL intervals were predicted. With BLAST, these predicted genes were compared to the International Protein Index database to mine the related genes. The results offer a basis for gene mining and molecular breeding in soybean.     

苹果矮化砧木抗寒性

【目的】研究苹果矮化砧木抗寒性,为选育、鉴定和推广应用抗寒的苹果矮化砧木提供理论依据。【方法】以62-396、BP-176、Y-1、KM23 4种苹果矮化砧木1年生枝条为试材,进行不同低温处理,采用电导法配合Logistic方程计算不同参试休眠枝条的半致死温度(LT₅₀),并结合冻害分级、恢复生长试验和田间冻害调查,研究苹果矮化砧木的抗寒性。【结果】在低温胁迫下,枝条的电解质渗出率与相应的低温呈极显著负相关;62-396、BP-176、Y-1、KM23的半致死温度分别为-42.56、-37.52、-43.79和-40.77℃;低温处理后各枝条的萌芽率高低依次为Y-1＞62-396＞KM23＞BP-176;田间调查结果显示,BP-176抗寒性最差。【结论】4种苹果矮化砧木的抗寒性强弱依次为Y-1＞62-396＞KM23＞BP-176。苹果矮化砧木Y-1和62-396具有较大的应用潜力,可以作为苹果抗寒矮化砧木在伊犁河谷进行生产应用。