Effect of Psammaplin A on in vitro Development of Bovine Aging Oocytes

To investigate the effect of histone deacetylation inhibitor Psammaplin A (PsA) on the development of bovine aging oocytes in vitro,oocytes were randomly divided into control group,aging group and 50 mmol/L PsA treated aging group (PsA group).Immunofluorescence staining and JC-1 were used to detect the blastocyst rate of bovine oocytes after parthenogenetic activation,the number of cells in blastocysts,apoptosis,reactive oxygen species (ROS),glutathione (GSH) and mitochondrial membrane potential intensity of embryos.The results showed that the blastocyst rate of the aging group was significantly lower than that of PsA and control groups (P<0.05).The blastocyst rate of PsA group was not significantly different from that of control group (P>0.05).The number of cells in the blastocysts of control group and PsA group were significantly higher than that of aging group (P<0.05).The number of cells in the blastocysts of PsA group was not significantly different from that of control group (P>0.05).The apoptosis rate in aging group was significantly higher than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05),the apoptosis rate of PsA group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The GSH level of MⅡ oocytes in aging group was significantly lower than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in GSH level between control and PsA groups (P>0.05).The ROS level of the embryos in aging group was significantly higher than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).The ROS level in PsA group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The mitochondrial membrane potential of early embryos of aging group 4-8 cells was significantly lower than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).The mitochondrial membrane potential intensity of control group was significantly higher than that of PsA group (P<0.05).In summary,PsA could effectively delay the aging of bovine oocytes and improve the quality of oocytes.     

兔出血症病毒检测方法研究进展

兔出血症发病率和致死率都很高,感染兔通常48~72 h后死亡,有肝坏死和肺出血为典型特征的组织病变,给养兔业带来了巨大的经济损失。近年来,随着对其研究的不断深入,在兔出血症病毒检测与诊断方面取得了很大的进展。文章系统阐述了兔出血症病毒检测的研究进展,提出了存在的问题和展望,为更有效地防治此病提供了方便。     

小麦条锈病重要抗源京核8811品系抗性遗传机制

采用常温（昼18℃/夜10℃），高温（昼24℃／夜15℃）两种温度处理，系统分析京核8811抗条锈性遗传基础及抗性特点。结果表明，京核8811中至少含有1对不完全显性主效抗性基因和2对隐性微效抗性基因。主效基因对温度不敏感，显性纯合时控制0－0；杂合体控制0；^ -2^ 。微效基因高温诱导,为性纯合、杂合或隐性纯合均对主效基因的抗性表达有修饰作用，当与杂合状态的主效基因重组，抗性达到高抗或免疫水平，自身隐性纯合可提供0；^ -2^ 的抗性。通过主效、微效基因的重组控制较强抗性和较宽抗性谱，反映出不同类型抗性谱互补的抗性基因重组产生的“基因的集团效应”。并就“基因的集团效应”的抗性特点及其在实现品种抗性持久化中的作用进行了探讨。     

日光温室番茄品种比较试验

以‘多彩’、‘L30’、‘L31’、‘L40’、‘天正粉奥’、‘LC-10’6个番茄品种为试材,当地畅销品种‘LC-10’为对照,研究比较了不同番茄品种在日光温室中的植株性状、抗病性和产量及品质等性状。结果表明:6个番茄品种的植株性状、抗病性和产量都有一定程度的差异;其中‘多彩’优势明显,果实商品性状好,始花节位最低,株高和节间长度适中,花穗间叶片数较多并且茎粗最粗;果实扁圆形,果形端正,着色均匀,比对照增产17%,抗病、耐储运,为日光温室优良番茄品种。     

养鱼池塘增氧机械产氧量比较

为比较分析不同类型机械增氧效果,选择扬水水车式、微管鼓风式、涡轮叶片式和扬水喷水式4种增氧机械,采用滴定法测定开机前后养鱼池塘溶氧量,用养殖种类、增氧时间校正,同一时间内,单位功率的产氧量分别是3953.42、735.66、616.58、177.55/(g/kw.h),扬水水车式显著高于其他增氧方式产氧量。     

朝鲜蒲公英生殖类型确定

利用根尖染 色体计数、人工授粉试验以及流式细胞仪检测等方法,确定朝鲜蒲公英为四倍体,人
工授粉试验表明朝鲜蒲公英生殖系统为兼性无融合生殖类型,无融合发生率为50% 左右;流式细胞仪 检测结
果表明种子细胞内存在3 种倍性水平2C∶3C∶4C。四倍体朝鲜蒲公英为兼性无融合生殖类型,胚乳自主发育。     

鸭瘟病毒dUTPase基因克隆、原核表达及在病毒感染宿主亚细胞中的定位分析

根据笔者实验室新发现的鸭瘟病毒（DPV）dUTPase基因（GenBank登录号DQ486149）序列设计1对引物,PCR扩增后将产物亚克隆至pET32a（＋）原核表达载体,获得表达质粒pET32a-DU。然后将其转化至E．coliBL21（DE3）进行IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE检测显示诱导表达蛋白约66．8ku,与预期表达蛋白大小一致。薄层扫描分析表明重组蛋白占菌体总蛋白的36．2％,主要以包涵体的形式存在。重组蛋白纯化后制备兔抗血清,间接EUSA效价为1：409600。通过免疫荧光技术进行DPVdUTPase亚细胞定位检测,结果显示最早可在感染后4h的胞质中检测到特异性荧光,12h大量点状绿色荧光聚集于胞核;24h后胞核内点状荧光减弱,而胞质点状荧光增强;48h胞核和胞质荧光均显著减弱。本研究为DPVdUTPase基因功能和DPV致病机理的研究提供了重要数据。     

Generation and characterisation of Tn5-tagged <Emphasis Type="Italic">Xanthomonas oryzae</Emphasis> pv. <Emphasis Type="Italic">oryzae</Emphasis> mutants that overcome <Emphasis Type="Italic">Xa23</Emphasis>-mediated resistance to bacterial blight of rice

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causes bacterial blight of rice. Xa23, a bacterial blight resistance gene identified originally in wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, is dominant and resistant to all X. oryzae pv. oryzae field isolates tested. The corresponding avirulence gene avrXa23 is unknown. Here we report the generation of a random insertion mutant library of X. oryzae pv. oryzae strain PXO99 using a Tn5-derived transposon tagging system, and identification of mutant strains that are virulent on CBB23, a near-isogenic rice line containing Xa23. A total of 24,192 Tn5 inserted clones was screened on CBB23 by leaf-cutting inoculation and at least eight of them caused lesions on CBB23 comparable to those on JG30, the susceptible recurrent parent of CBB23. Polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analysis showed that all the eight mutants, designated as P99M1, P99M2, P99M3, P99M4, P99M5, P99M6, P99M7 and P99M8, have a single Tn5-insertion in their genomes. The flanking DNA sequences of the Tn5-insertion sites were isolated by PCR-walking and sequenced. Bioinformatic analysis of the flanking sequences, by aligning them with the whole genome sequences of X. oryzae pv. oryzae strains PXO99, KACC10331 and MAFF311018 through NCBI, revealed that the Tn5-insertions disrupted genes that encode TAL effector AvrBs3/PthA, ISXo1 transposase, Type II secretion system protein-like protein or outer membrane protein, glycogen synthase, cytochrome C5 and conserved hypothetical protein. Further identification of these mutants will facilitate the molecular cloning of avirulence gene avrXa23. The authors C.-L. Wang, A.-B. Xu contributed equally to this work; Y. Gao and Y.-L. Fan contributed equally to this work.     

人和哺乳动物支气管动脉与肺动脉吻合现象研究进展

对人和哺乳动物支气管动脉与肺动脉吻合问题的研究进行了概述.肺动脉与支气管动脉吻合的意义在于支气管动脉的高氧血液可以进入肺动脉代偿供应肺泡组织,肺动脉的营养血液也可以进入支气管动脉代偿供应肺间质.肺动脉与支气管动脉之间血管吻合常可以发生在胸膜面、支气管壁、终末细支气管或呼吸性细支气管等部位,也可以在毛细血管上发生支气管动脉与肺动脉的吻合.根据血管吻合的长度和口径,将其分为长吻合型和短吻合型,按照血管吻合的方式分为端-端吻合和端-侧吻合.在某些病理情况下,肺动脉与支气管动脉之间的吻合支还会通过管径扩张,增加血流量来供应局部的病变组织,因此有利于防御不利因素对机体造成的损伤,为机体实施正常的呼吸功能提供保障.     

不同生育时期白三叶与黑麦草的化感作用研究

试验用分枝期,开花期和成熟期的白三叶品种海法以及分蘖期,孕穗期和成熟期的2个黑麦草品种顶峰、英斯派的根水浸提液处理,按照培养皿砂培的生物检测方法对白三叶和黑麦草的化感作用进行研究。结果表明:分枝期白三叶根浸体液对顶峰的发芽率具有显著的抑制作用,对顶峰苗长具有极显著抑制作用,抑制率分别为90.72%、48.61%;开花期白三叶根浸提液对顶峰及英斯派的发芽率、英斯派根长及顶峰根干重均具有极显著的抑制作用,抑制率分别为35.14%、36.17%、69.18%、68.34%,对英斯派的根干重具有显著的抑制作用,抑制率为49.52%;成熟期白三叶的根浸提液对3个受体的发芽率及根长均具有极显著的促进作用,分别比对照提高67.09%、54.21%、69.21%及93.08%、93.14%、93.04%,对顶峰的根干重具有极显著的促进作用,与对照相比提高了85.42%;顶峰及英斯派是他感作用大于自毒作用的黑麦草品种,且在分蘖期及孕穗期,黑麦草不同品种的根浸提液都显著的抑制了白三叶的干物重。