Flow cytometric evaluation of disseminated intravascular coagulation in a canine endotoxemia model

Sepsis is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in dogs. Alterations in hemostasis by systemic inflammation play an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. To evaluate the functional hemostatic changes in sepsis, we evaluated coagulation profiles and flow cytometric measurement of P-selectin (CD62P) expression on platelets, as well as platelet-leukocyte aggregation from a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia model in dogs (n = 7). A sublethal dose of LPS [1 mg/kg body weight (BW)] induced thrombocytopenia and increased activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), and D-dimer concentrations. Flow cytometry analysis showed a significant increase in P-selectin expression on platelets between 1 and 24 h of a total 48 h of the experiment. In addition, platelet-leukocyte aggregation was significantly increased in the early stage of endotoxemia (at 1 and < 6 h for platelet-monocyte aggregation and at 3 h for platelet-neutrophil aggregation). Our results suggest that CD62P expression on platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregation, as measured by flow cytometry, can be useful biomarkers of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in canine sepsis. These functional changes contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of hemostasis in endotoxemia.     

中药复方舒肤膏质量标准研究

采用薄层色谱法对荆芥、防风、凌霄花和狼毒进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法对中药复方舒肤膏的有效成分梣酮和黄柏酮进行含量测定。结果表明,薄层色谱法结果理想,阴性样品无干扰;在5.92～47.36μg/mL梣酮与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 1),平均回收率为99.76%(RSD=1.34%),在10.2～81.6μg/mL黄柏酮与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 0),平均回收率为99.89%(RSD=1.63%),表明该方法操作简便,专属性好,准确可靠,可用于中药复方舒肤膏的质量控制。     

Effect of hydroxyproline supplementation on growth performance,body composition,amino acid profiles,blood‐biochemistry and collagen synthesis of juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor)

Hydroxyproline (Hyp) may play an important role in collagen metabolism, as it is almost exclusively found in collagen. To examine this possibility, a 56‐day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of graded supplementaries of Hyp (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5 g/kg dry diet weight) on growth performance, feed utilization, biochemical composition and collagen synthesis of chu's croaker, Nibea coibor (13.6 ± 0.28 g). The growth performance and feed utilization were improved with increased levels of dietary Hyp, reaching a maximum at 5 g/kg (diet H2) followed by a slight decrease. Polynomial regression analysis showed that the maximum specific growth rate (SGR) was attained at 7.177 g/kg dietary Hyp. Increasing levels of Hyp did not affect body composition of juvenile Nibea coibor. However, dietary Hyp supplementation significantly affected the levels of Leu, Ile, Met, Lys, Ser, Glu and Pro in muscle and the levels of Met, Lys, Glu, Pro and Gly in swim bladder. The serum calcium (SC) level decreased significantly with increasing levels of dietary Hyp. However, the triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (T‐CH) levels in serum and liver were relatively stable. Importantly, the acid‐soluble collagen (ASC) and total collagen (TC) levels in swim bladder increased significantly initially and then decreased after reaching a maximum. Polynomial regression analysis revealed that the maximum TC level in swim bladder was attained at 9.736 g/kg of dietary Hyp. Collectively, these results suggest that the appropriate provision of hydroxyproline is essential for maximal collagen synthesis and growth.     

Ecosystem structure and functioning of Lake Taihu (China) and the impacts of fishing

Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake in China and has provided local communities with valuable fisheries for centuries. However, we have only a limited knowledge of its ecosystem. In this study, a trophic model was constructed for the Lake Taihu ecosystem. This model was used to evaluate and analyze the food web structure and other properties of this ecosystem using data covering the period from 1991 to 1995. Using the model, we evaluated the impacts on local fisheries of various management scenarios comprising two basic management regimes: (1) setting fishing mortality for the top predator (large culters, Erythroculter mongolicus and Erythroculter ilishaeformis) to 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2, and (2) adjusting overall fishing effort to 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.25 times the current level. For both scenarios, fishery profit and cost were evaluated to provide an understanding of how components of the ecosystem interact. We identified possible causes of fishery overexploitation in the lake ecosystem and described the necessity of developing ecosystem-based management. The results showed that Lake Taihu had six theoretical trophic levels (TLs), with the trophic flows primarily occurring through the first five TLs. System properties such as transfer efficiency, Finn's index, Finn's mean length, connectance index, system omnivory index, primary production/respiration ratio, and net primary production all indicated that Lake Taihu was an immature, fairly simple ecosystem in which a relatively low fraction of total primary production was utilized. At the same time, the ecosystem was also experiencing high fishing pressure. Yet despite this, the low ascendency index (25.9%) and high system overhead ratio (74.1%) indicated that the system was highly developed and relatively stable, a condition that might result from the high degree of recycling in the system. Among the harvesting strategies considered, a strategy of either decreasing the fishing mortality of the top predator (large culters) to 0.3 or, alternatively, reducing the overall effort on the system by a factor of 0.75 appeared to be most effective at increasing the efficiency of the fisheries.     

Damage to the Membrane Permeability and Cell Death of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Caused by Phlorotannins with Low Molecular Weight from Sargassum thunbergii

ABSTRACT

To understand the mode of action of low molecular weight phlorotannins (LMPs) from Sargassum thunbergii against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, effects of LMPs on the growth curve and the content changes of some substances in culture media were investigated, and those on morphological and ultramicrostructure were also observed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that LMPs inhibited thalli growth at logarithmic phase and damaged the cell membrane and cell wall of tested bacteria which led to the leakage of cytoplasm and the deconstruction of membrane permeability. The present study indicates that LMPs as natural products in seaweeds deserve further investigation for food safety control and aquacultural drugs.     

直流电场处理树种在陕西飞播造林效果

用直流电场处理油松种子，进行发芽试验和飞播造林试验，结果表明：经直流电场处理的油松种子，可提前１￣２ｄ发芽，提高发芽成苗率１０％￣２５％。     

基于执业兽医资格考试进行兽医传染病学教学改革的初探

基于全国执业兽医资格考试的目的与要求,结合教学实践特点,对兽医传染病学教学内容和手段进行了改革,以期获得理想的结果。     

腊梅花水通道蛋白CpTIP基因甘露糖筛选体系植物表达载体的构建

[目的】构建以甘露糖为筛选剂的抗旱、抗盐碱植物表达载体,进一步选育无标记的抗逆作物品种。[方法]利用腊梅花水通道蛋白CpTIP cDNA和大肠杆菌pmi基因构建植物表达载体,将抗逆基凶与甘露糖正向选择系统结合。pmi基因植物表达载体（pPMI）的构建：用XhoI酶切植物表达载体pCAMBIA2301,切除Kan基因,并用CIP酶进行去磷酸化,然后与XhoI酶切后PCR产物连接转化。腊梅花水通道蛋白CpTIP基因甘露糖筛选体系植物表达载体（pPMI：：CpTIP）的构建：用和nI和Xbal酶切pPMI植物表达载体和克隆载体,并将酶切后pmi植物表达载体与腊梅花水通道蛋白CpTIP基因连接转化。转化鉴定均按Sambrook等的方法进行。[结果]成功构建了腊梅花水通道蛋白CpTIP基因甘露糖筛选体系植物表达载体pPMI：：CpTIP。[结论]所构建的载体结合了抗逆基凶和忖露糖正向选择系统的优点,将抗逆基因与环境友好型筛选体系很好的结合起来。     

一个金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白磷酸酯酶基因的克隆表达及酶活性测定

金黄色葡萄球菌是一种引起人畜多种感染的主要病原菌,开发治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染的新药途径之一是药物寻靶。研究克隆了一个金黄色葡萄球菌基因,并进行了蛋白诱导表达和酶活性测定。结果表明,该基因编码的蛋白具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白磷酸酯酶活性。实验结果为进一步挖掘该蛋白作为药物靶标的潜在功能奠定了基础。     

基于GIS的铜仁市城市绿地系统景观格局分析

以贵州省铜仁市2004年9月4日Quick Bird遥感影像为数据源,利用RS和GIS技术以及Fragstats 3.3软件,对铜仁市城市绿地系统景观结构和景观格局进行了定量分析.结果表明:铜仁市城市绿地总体上比较破碎,且存在少数绿地类型(其他绿地与农业用地)占主导地位的现象;建成区绿地类型完整,景观多样性水平高于规划...