江苏玉米纹枯菌的菌丝融合群及致病力

 玉米纹枯病是江苏省春、夏玉米上近年来发生普遍、危害日重的一种病害。该病是由丝核属(Rhizoctonia DC.ex Fr.)真菌侵染引起的,丝核菌可分为不同的菌丝融合群,不同融合群的致病力存在明显差异,在麦类纹枯病菌的研究中已得到证实。     

扑海因防治白菜黑斑病作用机理

 1988年,白菜黑斑病(Alternaria brassicae和A.brassicicola)曾在我国华北、东北和西北地区突然暴发流行成灾,造成很大损失(李明远,1991)。     

塔克拉玛干沙漠及周围地区地表反射率

本文利用1988年塔克拉玛干沙漠综合科学考察期间在其腹地满西—井获得的地表反射率资料及其周围日射观测站历年反射率平均值资料,分析了沙漠地表反射率的日变化及地表性状、降水等因子对反射率的影响,并讨论了沙漠及周围地区地表反射率的时空分布状况。     

香石竹叶斑病防治研究

本文报道作者等于1978～1980年间对香石竹叶斑病的防治研究结果。此病主要为害叶片造成叶斑和叶枯,但也可造成茎腐和花枯。根据本病原分生孢子色泽较深、喙较短、纵向斜向分隔较多等特点,确认上海地区香石竹叶斑病病原为Alternaria dianthi Stev.et Hall而非Alternaria dianthicola Neerganrd。对其形态大小进行了描述。土中病残体是此病的初次侵染源。越冬后的分生孢子是此病的初侵染源菌态之一。霉季和台风季多雨.露地栽培、种植感病品系均有利于发病。栽培措施可以减轻发病程度。试验证明防病有效的药剂有:土壤消毒可以0.1％五氯硝基苯拌土;插条浸药:10％401的1000倍液浸半小时或0.1％高锰酸钾液浸10分钟;生长季节喷雾:0.5％的波尔多液或75％的代森锰锌500倍液,10天1次,在每次摘芽作业后及时喷施。     

Direct lateral transmission of Histomonas meleagridis in turkeys

The lateral transmission of Histomonas meleagridis in turkeys was studied in floor pens without the presence of Heterakis gallinarum. Battery-reared poults (120) were transferred at 2 wk of age to concrete-floored floor pens with fresh pine shavings litter (40/group). One group received no exposure. In other groups, either 10% or 25% of the birds were inoculated per cloaca with cultured H. meleagridis (200,000/bird) and placed in the pens as seeder birds. Inoculated birds died at 10-18 days postinfection (PI) showing typical liver and cecal lesions of histomoniasis. Birds in the high-exposure group died of histomoniasis beginning 16 days PI and continuing to 100% mortality by day 23 PI. Birds in the low-exposure (LE) group died beginning on day 19 PI and continuing through day 31 PI. All but one LE bird alive on day 31 PI had severe liver and cecal lesions of histomoniasis at necropsy. There was no evidence of histomoniasis in unexposed birds. No cecal worms (H. gallinarum) were found at necropsy of dead birds or in unexposed birds at the end of the experiment. Even though H. gallinarum is the only known reservoir for H. meleagridis, these results suggest that lateral transmission of histomoniasis through a flock can occur readily through normal contact between uninfected birds and infected birds and their droppings in the total absence of cecal worms.     

Afferent and efferent connections of the nucleus rotundus demonstrated by WGA-HRP in the chick

Organization of the fibre connections in the chick nucleus rotundus (Rt) was investigated by an axonal tracing method using wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP). After an injection of WGA-HRP into the Rt, labelled neurones were observed in the striatum griseum centrale (SGC) in both sides of the tectum (TO) and in the ipsilateral nucleus subpretectalis/nucleus interstito-pretecto-subpretectalis (SP/IPS). Labelled fibres and terminals were also found in the ipsilateral ectostriatum (Ect). These fibre connections were topographically organized rostrocaudally. In the TO-Rt projection, the rostral and the dorsocaudal parts of the Rt received afferents from the superficial part of the SGC, the middle part of the Rt received afferents from the intermediate part of the SGC, and the ventrocaudal part of the Rt received mainly fibres from the deep part of the SGC. These topographic projections were accompanied by a considerable number of diffuse projections to the thalamic regions surrounding the Rt. In addition, the rostral and middle caudal parts of the Rt received afferents from the lateral and medial parts of the SP/IPS, respectively, and respective parts of the Rt sent efferents to the lateral and medial parts of the Ect.     

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in healthy and Escherichia coli-infected broiler chickens

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of a ketamine/propofol anaesthetic protocol in lions (Panthera leo), and to compare it to two commonly used anaesthetic protocols. Seventeen adult lions were anaesthetised using three different protocols. Group XK (n=6) was anaesthetised with intramuscular (i.m.) injections of xylazine and ketamine. Group KD (n=5) was anaesthetised with an i.m. injection of ketamine, followed by an intravenous (i.v.) injection of ketamine and diazepam. Group KP (n=6) was anaesthetised with an i.m. injection of ketamine followed by an i.v. injection of propofol. There was a significant difference in heart rate (P<0.0002), which was lowest in group XK and highest in KD. Jaw tone was significantly lower in Group XK (P<0.05). No undesirable effects were noted following injection of the propofol. Propofol was a suitable and safe drug for maintenance of anaesthesia in adult lions.     

环境因素影响肉鸡生长的研究进展

就环境因素中温度、湿度、有害气体、光照和饲养密度对肉鸡生产性能的不利影响进行综述,并从内分泌、细胞体液反应、免疫、组织器官和营养代谢角度阐明不利因素影响肉鸡生产效果的机理。     

高价鱼粉谁是输家?

现在是炎热的夏天，然而，鱼粉商感受到的是阵阵寒意。才20天的时间，跌幅怎么就近2000元/t，而且出货量也未见起色……     

控制蜂胶加工的质量

在蜂胶片加工过程中,注重温度控制,目的在于保持蜂胶特有的芳香气味、固有的天然属性和功效,属于低温食品。低温和超低温技术处理食品是国外目前最时兴的食品加工技术之一。这类食品要求加工温度低,加工后的食品所含维生素、无机物和风味都没有损失。下面就优质蜂胶片加工过程中注重温度控制,制法简捷,无污染,损失少,效率高