The protective effect of cistanche deserticola Y.C Ma. on thymocytes in septic rats

AIM: To study the protective effect of cistanche deserticola Y. C Ma. on thymocytes in septic rats. METHODS: Cecum ligation perforation (CLP) was used to induce sepsis. Treatment group was treated with cistanche deserticola Y. C Ma. （1.25 g·kg-1·d-1， ig） for 14 days before CLP. Animals were killed 12 h or 24 h after CLP and thmocytes were collected. The ratio of thmocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by the flow cytometry. The ATP activity was detected by spectrophotography. RESULTS: The rate of thmocyte apoptosis significantly increased 12 h after CLP. The ATP activity decreased 24 h after CLP was significant. The extract of desert living cistanche effectively repressed the apoptosis of thymocytes and maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential. CONCLUSIONS: The extract of cistanche deserticola Y. C Ma. protects thymocytes against apoptosis induced by sepsis. Maintaining of mitochondrial membrane potential may be the protective mechanism.     

基于改进YOLOv8模型的轻量化板栗果实识别方法

为实现自然环境下的板栗果实目标快速识别，该研究以湖北省种植板栗为研究对象，提出了一种基于改进YOLOv8模型的栗果识别方法YOLOv8-PBi。首先，将部分卷积（partial convolution，PConv）引入C2f模块中，缩减卷积过程中的浮点数和计算量；其次，引入加权双向特征金字塔网络（bidirectional feature pyramid network，BiFPN），增强多尺度特征融合性能，最后，更改边界框损失函数为动态非单调聚焦机制WIoU（wise intersection over union，WIoU），提高模型收敛速度，进一步提升模型检测性能。试验结果表明，改进YOLOv8-PBi模型准确率、召回率和平均精度分别为89.4%、74.9%、84.2%；相比原始基础网络YOLOv8s，模型权重减小46.22%，准确率、召回率和平均精度分别提升1.3、1.5、1.8个百分点。部署模型至边缘嵌入式设备上，经过TensorRT加速后，检测帧率达到43 帧/s。该方法可为板栗智能化收获过程中的栗果识别提供技术基础。     

抗虫棉群体NPt-Ⅱ标记基因纯度与其抗虫性强度的相关分析

研究了转基因抗虫棉标记基因纯度与生物学抗虫性的相关特性,结果显示:综合平均抗性指数与棉苗群体抗虫标记基因纯度两者呈极显著的正相关,即品种群体抗虫标记基因的纯度愈高,其生物学抗虫性愈强。通过提高转基因抗虫棉Npt Ⅱ标记基因纯度,可显著提高该品种的群体生物学抗虫性;进而通过苗床去杂保纯技术,达到跟踪保持抗虫棉群体抗虫性的目的。     

全自动定氮仪测定植物油料粗蛋白质含量的不确定度评估

通过对全自动定氮仪测定植物油料中粗蛋白质含量的检验过程进行分析,找出影响测定不确定度的因素,对各个不确定度分类进行评估和计算合成,并最终给出样品中粗蛋白质的合成标准不确定度及扩展不确定度。     

新能源电动农机“一源多用”创新供能赋能农网农机融合发展——基于全国535份调查问卷分析

随着我国“三电”技术的快速发展,新能源电动农机也如雨后春笋般迅速掘起,“一源多用”的提出是解决新能源电动农机季节性闲置、利用率低、无法与农网新型电力系统互动融合等问题的创新发展模式,具有用能清洁环保、数智化程度高、易于组网的现代化技术特征。大力发展新能源电动农机“一源多用”将加快推进农业农村电气化发展进程,促进乡村分布式可再生能源就地消纳利用,有望构建中国式现代化乡村新型微电力系统。因此,创新“一源多用”共享技术发展模式不仅是新能源农机电气化发展的内在需要,其多维利用效能涌现机制更是方兴未艾的产业技术问题,具有共享化、绿色化、集约化的优势。本文针对新能源电动农机“一源多用”的关键技术、应用场景、实施路径、商业模式等存在问题与发展前景,面向国内农机、农业、电力、电网等相关相关从业人员开展网络问卷调研,从“一源多用”技术发展潜力和农网农机融合认知态势等视角,基于调研结果,研究了“一源多用”赋能农网农机融合的农机电能替代潜力、应用场景、综合效益等,分析了“一源多用”的实施路径和商业模式,提出了“一源多用”创新供能模式赋能农网农机融合的关键技术和扶持政策建议。结论表明：（1）新能源电动农机“一源多用”作为农业现代化新技术发展模式,具有明显的创新优势,其技术发展、应用场景、实施路径、商业模式等均具有良好的可行性,具有较好经济效益和环保效益,发展前景被普遍看好。（2）设施农业等凭借丰富的新能源资源和相对完善设施基础条件,最具有率先实现全程电动化发展的可能,新能源电动农机“一源多用”可以提高乡村可再生能源就地消纳能力,促进农机农网的融合互动和乡村新型微电力系统的构建,加速农业绿色发展转型,对落实双碳目标与乡村振兴等战略具有积极意义。（3）未来仍需开展新能源电动农机和电网融合互动关键技术协同攻关和应用研究,加快完善农村配套基础设施建设、探索可持续且多方共赢的良性商业模式、加大力度引导建立适用且可操作的扶持政策等仍有待进一步解决。     

磷石膏改良强酸性黄壤的效应研究

采用盆栽试验,以耐铝能力弱的高粱和强酸性黄壤为研究对象,探讨了磷石膏对强酸性环境高粱生长、养分平衡以及对土壤有效养分和交换铝的影响。结果表明,在强酸性黄壤上,由于铝毒作用,即使施足氮磷钾肥,高粱也生长不良;施用磷石膏和石灰的高粱生长正常,各生物学性状均极显著优于对照,施磷石膏高粱长势更优于施石灰者,高粱干重与磷石膏、石灰的施用量呈二次曲线变化(回归方程分别为:y=6.88 11.92x-1.65x2,R=0.983;y=6.88 6.39x-0.72x2,R=0.996),高粱株高和根长与磷石膏、石灰的施用量也呈二次曲线变化;磷石膏降低酸性黄壤铝毒、提高植物钙含量的效果略逊于石灰,在提高植物营养三要素(特别是磷、钾元素)的作用方面优于石灰,施磷石膏高粱磷、钾含量较石灰处理分别提高117.0%~200.0%和13.0%~14.8%;施磷石膏生长良好的高粱植株氮/磷、氮/钾、钾/磷比分别为6.8~7.1,1.2~1.3和5.4~5.6,比值适中、变幅小,氮/铝、磷/铝、钾/铝、钙/铝比分别是对照植株的1.9~2.0倍,5.8~6.3倍,1.8~2.1倍和2.0~2.5倍,改善和调节了高粱体内氮、磷、钾、钙养分的平衡;施磷石膏的土壤有效氮、磷、钾、钙较对照极显著增加,土壤有效磷、钾分别比施石灰提高41.8%~114.2%和59.4%~67.5%,施石灰的土壤有效磷、钾与对照差异不显著。     

Menisporopsis中的1个中国新记录种和1个中国大陆新记录种

为了解贵州省桫椤国家级自然保护区内生存于枯枝上的暗色丝孢菌种类,将采自该区域的枯枝标本进行保湿,对其上的暗色丝孢菌进行显微形态观察、绘图和描述;其中鉴定为Menisporopsis pirozynskii Varghese & V.G. Rao 和Menisporopsis theobromae S. Hughes的标本,经查阅相关资料及文献后,分别确定为中国新记录种和中国大陆新记录种,补充了该区域枯枝上暗色丝孢菌资源的研究资料。这2种标本现保存于遵义师范学院真菌学标本室（HMZNC）。     

Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics in Flag Leaves of the C Liangyou Series of Hybrid Rice Combinations at Late Growth Stages

The contents of chlorophyll,soluble sugars,soluble proteins and thiobarbituric acid reaction substance(TBARS),chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,net photosynthetic rate as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)of flag leaves at the late growth stages were studied by using C Liangyou series of hybrid rice combinitions as material and Shanyou 63 as control.The C Liangyou series of hybrid rice combinations used in the experiment included C Liangyou 396,C Liangyou 87,C Liangyou 755 and C Liangyou 34,which all used C815S as male sterile line.The contents of chlorophyll,soluble sugars and soluble proteins in flag leaves of the C Liangyou series combinations at the late growth stages were higher than those of the control,whereas the TBARS content was lower than that of the control.The activities of SOD and POD were significantly higher than those of the control on the 7th day after heading,and then decreased slowly.ΦPSIIvalue and qP value of flag leaves decreased at the late growth stages,and these two parameters in flag leaves of the C Liangyou series combinations were higher than those of the control,while the qN value increased at the late growth stages and was lower than that of the control.The net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves at the late growth stage was higher compared with the control.These results suggest that slow senescence and strong photosynthetic capability in flag leaves at the late growth stages are the physiological basis of the C Liangyou series combinations.     

湖南省地方标准《棉花人工采摘操作规程》简介

 湖南省地方标准《棉花人工采摘操作规程》对棉花采摘质量、方式、方法、时间作了明确的规定和要求,严格对采摘、晾晒、包装、运输等环节的“三丝”控制。严格执行该标准,可确保棉花采摘质量,从而提升棉花质量。