仰角式三相分离增压一体化装置的研发与应用

大港油田以新技术、新工艺、新设备的应用为支撑,以集成化、橇装化为突破口,针对传统接转站存在的问题,研制了仰角式三相分离增压一体化装置。采用仰角式分离器,分离效率高,设备结构紧凑、体积小,通过合理布局将分离器与外输泵集成在同一橇块上,实现了油气水三相分离、就地切水、原油(液)增压输送等功能,且橇块体积小,集成度高。该装置在白一接转站得到应用,实现了白一接转站采出水就地处理回注、油气分输等功能,简化了白一接转站站内流程,对优化板桥油田以及系统节能降耗起到了很好的推动作用。     

测土配方施肥技术研究与应用

阐述了测土配方施肥的作用以及湖南省测土配方施肥的现状、存在的主要问题和中酸性潴育性水稻土进行测土配方施肥的技术。     

中山高平工业园区周边水体沉积物中重金属污染特征及生态风险评价

为探讨电镀工业区周边水体沉积物中重金属污染水平及其潜在的生态风险,在广东中山市高平工业园区周边水体采集20个表层沉积物样品,分析Pb、Cd、Cr、As和Hg五种重金属的含量水平及其分布特征,并采用地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法初步评价了沉积物中重金属污染状况和潜在生态风险。研究结果表明:中山高平工业园区周边水体存在重金属复合污染,除As外绝大多数沉积物样品中Cr、Pb、Cd、Hg的含量均高于参比值;五种重金属的含量由高到低依次为Cr> Pb> As> Cd> Hg;重金属富集程度处于清洁至偏重污染之间,富集程度强弱顺序为Pb> Cr> Cd> Hg> As;研究区域55%的表层沉积物中重金属污染处于中等生态危害程度,重金属潜在生态风险由强到弱依次为Cd> Hg> Pb> Cr> As。     

井冈霉素A对水稻纹枯病菌的毒力和作用机理研究

根据水稻纹枯病菌 Rhizoctonia solani AG- 1IA在含系列浓度井冈霉素 A马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基 (PDA)上的菌丝生长速率 ,计算出药剂的毒力回归方程为:Y=3.2 30 9+0 .872 0 X,r=0 .9910 ,药剂的 EC50 =10 6 .9μg/ m L,EC75=6 34.5 μg/ m L。在含 5 0 0 μg/ m L井冈霉素 A的 PDA上水稻纹枯病菌的菌丝生长抑制率为 74 .1% ,而田间水稻植株上人工接菌的药效试验结果表明 ,5 0 μg/ m L药液喷洒后 7d和 14 d的防效即可分别达到 77.4 %和 76 .7% ,即药剂在 PDA平板上的理论抑制作用仅是田间活体植株上对病菌实际作用效果的 1/ 10。比较室内毒力和田间药效试验的结果可以看出 ,井冈霉素 A具有对病原菌和寄主植物双重作用的特性。研究首次发现 ,在室内培养基上不能有效抑制病菌生长的 1μg/ m L的井冈霉素 A可以在水稻植株未喷药部位产生防御水稻纹枯病的作用 ,且能够持续诱导植物防御反应相关酶——过氧化物酶 (PO)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (PAL)的活性增高,表明该药剂可以激发水稻抗性防卫反应的表达。     

Effect of diet with high fats and cholesterol on PPARα gene expression and body cholesterol level in mice

AIM:To investigate the effects of dietary fats and cholesterol on liver PPARα gene expression and body cholesterol (Chol) level in C57BL/6J mice. METHODS:The animals (n=75) were randomly divided into five groups and respectively received formula mash for 6 weeks. RESULTS:As compared to Chol diet, Chol+PUFA diet produced significantly higher liver cholesterol (P<0.01), serum total cholesterol (TC), focusing on HDL-C. While Chol+MUFA diet resulted in unchanged serum TC and lower liver cholesterol (P<0.01). Chol+SFA diet rsulted in higher liver cholesterol (P<0.01) and serum TC, focusing on LDL-C. Furthermore, Chol+PUFA diet increased the mRNA and protein content of PPARα (P<0.01) in liver, while Chol+MUFA and Chol+SFA diets decreased the mRNA content of PPARα significantly (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:These results indicated that addition of fats containing PUFA to diet high in cholesterol increased PPARα mRNA and protein expression, addition of fats containing MUFA or SFA to diet high in cholesterol decreased PPARα mRNA expression. The change of PPARα gene expression may further affect body cholesterol level.     

猪伪狂犬重组抗原间接ELISA诊断方法的建立

本研究应用重组抗原,成功建立了检测猪伪狂犬病病毒血清抗体的间接ELISA诊断方法。通过方阵滴定确定了抗原最适包被量为1.45μg/孔,血清最适稀释度为1∶80,其作用时间为60 min,酶标抗体最适作用时间为60 min。其阳性临界值为OD≥0.123。此外,该抗原不与猪其他疾病的阳性血清反应,具有良好的特异性;批内重复试验,变异系数小于10%。该方法与进口诊断试剂盒的符合率为96.3%。本研究为现地免疫猪群抗体检测和进行PRV流行病学调查提供了一种简便的血清学诊断方法。     

RNAi导致基因沉默的机制和应用进展

RNAi主要通过双链RNA(dsRNA)被核酸酶切割成21~23 nt的干涉性小的RNA,即siRNA,由siRNA介导识别并靶向切割同源性靶mRNA分子而实现的；RNAi需要多种蛋白质因子以及ATP参与,而且具有生物催化反应特征；RNAi具有高效性和高度特异性,作为一种关闭特定基因的新技术,为基因功能研究提供了一个快速、简便的方法,在后基因组时代应用前景广阔。     

Mitogen-activated protein kinase is involved in the changes of intracellular free calcium concentration induced by wound exudate in cultured rat epidermal stem cells

AIM: To observe the effects of harvested wound exudate on intracellular free Ca²⁺ in epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in vitro, and to investigate the relationship between mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signal pathways and Ca²⁺ mobilization in this condition.METHODS: Wound exudate was harvested from the 80 full-thickness wounds produced on both sides of the back in 40 adult Wistar rats. ESCs were isolated, purified from neonatal Wistar rats by referring to the formerly records and binding our ideas. When the cultured cells showed up clone growing, they were divided into five groups as follows: group A: control group (no-treatment); group B: only treatment with wound exudate; group C: treatment with wound exudate and PD98059; group D: treatment with wound exudate and SB203580; group E: treatment with wound exudate, PD 98059 and SB203580. Then, the cells were incubated with fluorescence Ca²⁺ dye fluo-3/AM at 37 ℃ for 30 min, and measured by using laser scanning confocal microscope.RESULTS: The results showed that the fluorescent intensity of group B was higher than that in group A. A phenomenon of calcium oscillation was found in group C and group D. Furthermore, a rapid decrease of fluorescent intensity was observed in the cells that were preincubated with PD98059 and SB203580 at the same time. CONCLUSION: Based on above results, we propose that wound exudate can directly induce an increase in intracellular free Ca²⁺concentrations of ESCs. MAPKs signaling pathway has an important function of feedback regulation for free Ca²⁺ mobilization of ESCs in this condition, and also is capable of affecting the biological behaviour of epidermal stem cells.     

硫磺对苹果连作土壤环境及平邑甜茶幼苗生长的影响

以盆栽的试验方式,研究了在老龄苹果园土壤中添加不同量(0、0.1、0.3、0.5 g·kg^-1)的硫磺对土壤微生物环境及再植平邑甜茶(Malus hupehensis Rehd.)幼苗的影响,为减轻苹果连作障碍提供理论依据。温室和露地盆栽结果显示:硫磺对改善连作土壤环境及促进平邑甜茶幼苗的生长具有良好的效果,但不同添加量促进效果不尽相同,其中以0.3 g·kg^-1的促进效果最为显著。与对照相比,0.3 g·kg^-1的硫磺处理浓度下平邑甜茶幼苗株高、地径、鲜质量、干质量分别增加了60.83%(26.03%,露地数据,下同)、26.78%(19.66%)、73.44%(62.15%)和93.32%(72.93%);根长、根表面积、根体积、根尖数、根系呼吸速率提高了1.47倍(1.82倍)、2.28倍(2.05倍)、2.05倍(2.74倍)、1.73倍(1.67倍)、2.12倍(1.98倍)。硫磺处理后叶片叶绿素含量、光合参数、土壤酶的活性均有不同程度提高。0.3 g·kg^-1硫磺处理具有最高的细菌与真菌...     

昆明地区几种混播草坪质量评价及组合优化

为优化、筛选适合昆明地区观赏及运动场草坪混播组合,对当地表现良好的草坪草进行混播建坪,在幼坪和成坪阶段分别观测相关指标,用模糊数学综合评判法评定草坪质量,按照5级分级法评定标准,评判结果为:Z5组合(草地早熟禾肯塔基60%+紫羊茅宝瑞40%),草坪质量较好,达到I级标准;Z4组合(草地早熟禾肯塔基70%+匍匐翦股颖普特30%)、Z1组合(草地早熟禾肯塔基40%+高羊茅红象30%+多年生黑麦草匹克威30%)、Z2组合(高羊茅红象80%+草地早熟禾肯塔基20%)和Z6组合(草地早熟禾优异25%+草地早熟禾蓝月25%+草地早熟禾新哥来德25%+草地早熟禾肯塔基25%),草坪质量尚可,达到Ⅲ级标准;Z3组合(草地早熟禾肯塔基50%+普通狗牙根30%+多年生黑麦草匹克威20%),草坪质量差,仅达到Ⅳ级标准。其中,Z1组合是运动场草坪的最优组合,Z5组合是观赏草坪的最优组合,其草坪质量综合评价值分别达到0.677和0.881,高于实际应用值0.600。