稻田生态养殖薄壳田螺技术

稻田生态养螺,是以海拔800～1 100m左右水稻田为基础,利用稻田水质好,螺在田间活动,螺稻共育、互利共生,使之在生态环境下自然生长,主要摄取浮游生物及硅藻类.薄壳田螺以肉味鲜美、营养丰富、煮汤清澈、壳薄而著称,是珍贵的无公害绿色食品,市场销售趋势看好,具有良好的市场前景.稻田养螺投资小、见效快,是农民增收、创收的好项目.该县农户每667m2稻田养殖田螺平均增收1 000～1 500元,经济效益显著.     

Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to subgroup A avian leukosis virus

Avian leukosis virus subgroup A (ALV‐A) is a retrovirus which infects egg‐type chickens and is the main pathogen of lymphoid leukosis (LL) and myeloid leukosis (ML). In order to greatly enhance the diagnosis and treatment of clinical avian leukemia, two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to ALV‐A were developed by fusion between SP2/0 and spleen cells from mice immunized with expressed ALV‐A env‐gp85 protein. Using immunofluorescence assay (IFA), two MAbs reacted with ALV‐A, but not with subgroups B and J of ALV. Western blot tests showed that molecular weight of ALV‐A envelope glycoprotein recognized by MAbs was about 53 kD. Isotyping test revealed that two MAbs (A5C1 and A4C8) were IgG1 isotypes. These MAbs can be used for diagnosis and epidemiology of ALV‐A.     

引发奶牛乏情的疾病研究进展

奶牛乏情是指产后60～90 d没有发情表现的经产奶牛及14～18个月龄不发情的育成牛,机体不表现出任何明显的发情状态,导致卵泡发育不良,从而影响机体排卵,引起发情周期紊乱、妊娠推迟,这对奶牛业的发展产生重大的影响。本文主要综述奶牛出现乏情状态的繁殖性疾病的研究状况,为进一步研究奶牛产后乏情提供理论依据。     

Comparative analysis of proteomic profiles between endometrial caruncular and intercaruncular areas in ewes during the peri-implantation period

The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised intercaruncular areas （IC）. In order to better understand aglandular areas called caruncular （C）, and intensely glandular the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins （DEPs） （P 〈 0.05）, functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒基因工程双标记疫苗rHN4-△25+NP49株最小免疫剂量的测定

将35头40日龄猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(Classical swine fever virus,CSFV)、猪圆环病毒(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)抗原及抗体均为阴性的健康仔猪,随机分成7组,每组5头,命名为XJ1~XJ7组。XJ1~XJ6组分别免疫PRRSV基因工程双标记疫苗rHN4-△25+NP49株,接种剂量分别为102TCID50/头、103TCID50/头、104TCID50/头、105TCID50/头、106TCID50/头和107TCID50/头,XJ7组为对照组,按1mL/头剂量接种DMEM。各试验组在免疫后28 d,用3×104.0TCID50/头剂量感染HP-PRRSV HuN4第5代强毒,疫苗免疫和攻毒后观察和检测各组试验猪的免疫效果。结果表明:攻毒前XJ2-XJ6组PRRSV ELISA抗体在免疫后14 d全部转为阳性,XJ1组在免疫后21 d转为阳性,但维持在较低水平;XJ2-XJ6组针对标记基因NP49的特异性抗体在免疫后28 d转阳性。攻毒后对照组全部发病,且死亡2头,XJ1有4头发病,XJ2-XJ6组无发病和死亡,本研究结果表明PRRSV基因工程双标记疫苗rHN4-△25+NP49株对仔猪提供免疫保护的最小免疫剂量为103TCID50/头。     

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus in Domestic Pigs and Wild Boars in Switzerland

Hepatitis E is considered an emerging human viral disease in industrialized countries. Studies from Switzerland report a human seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) of 2.6–21%, a range lower than in adjacent European countries. The aim of this study was to determine whether HEV seroprevalence in domestic pigs and wild boars is also lower in Switzerland and whether it is increasing and thus indicating that this zoonotic viral infection is emerging. Serum samples collected from 2,001 pigs in 2006 and 2011 and from 303 wild boars from 2008 to 2012 were analysed by ELISA for the presence of HEV‐specific antibodies. Overall HEV seroprevalence was 58.1% in domestic pigs and 12.5% in wild boars. Prevalence in domestic pigs was significantly higher in 2006 than in 2011. In conclusion, HEV seroprevalence in domestic pigs and wild boars in Switzerland is comparable with the seroprevalence in other countries and not increasing. Therefore, prevalence of HEV in humans must be related to other factors than prevalence in pigs or wild boars.     

人工养殖石花菜技术措施

石花菜是一种红藻，我国海区均有分布，是制取琼胶的优良原料，群众在夏天常将石花菜制成果冻，具有清热退火功能，目前市场价格看好。 石花菜属（ＧｅｌｉｄｉｕｍＬａｍｏｕｒｏｕｘ）约有４０种，我国报道的有１３种，石花菜藻体大小悬殊，小的种类高度在２ｃｍ以下，大的可达３０ｃｍ，藻体较小的种类分布较广，但产量不多。藻体较大，适宜人工养殖的种类有５种。我国主要养殖种类在北方有Ｇ．ａｍａｎｓｉｉ，在南方有Ｇ．ｐａｃｉｆｉｃｕｍ。 一、石花菜的生物学特征 石花菜生长的适宜水温为８℃以上，最适水温为２０℃～２８℃，养…     

吕泗渔场灰鲳Pampus cinereus(Bloch) 产卵群体生物学及利用状况

鲳鱼是吕泗渔场的重要经济鱼类，灰鲳（Pampus cinereusBloch）在鲳鱼中占有一定的比例，作者对灰鲳产卵群体的生物学进行了研究，同时对利用状况进行了分析，与20世纪80年代和90年代初期进行了比较，2003年灰鲳资源开发利用率为0．8，较1981、1991年的0．55和0．65加大，建议加强资源保护、削减捕捞力量，对流刺网利用进行限制，维持一定数量的亲鱼，确保资源的持续利用。     

鲮鱼、麦瑞加拉鲮鱼和露斯塔野鲮的染色体组型比较

近年来,人们对维科染色体的研究报道甚多,认为其染色体的基本二倍数为2N=50和2N=48,变异范围在2N=44～200之间。Gold等认为北美洲已见核型报道的绝大多数鱼类为2N=50。但欧亚大陆大多数为2N=48～50。Arai对欧亚大陆已研究过核型的141种鲤科鱼进行了分析,提出2N=50是鲤科鱼最原始的核型。周暾等对中国鲤科核型的研究也做了大量的工作并得出与Arai一致的结论。     

江黄颡鱼人工繁殖的初步研究

对江黄颡鱼（Pseudobagrus uachelli Richardson)的人工繁殖进行了初步试验，先用LRH-A2预备针催熟，再用1mgPG 2.5mgDOM 3.5μgLRH-A2混合催产，水温24-27℃下，效应时间为20-24h，产卵率可达97%，采用等渗液稀释磨碎的精巢，经人工授精，受精率达70%，采用塑料网片粘卵，在卵化环道内孵化，孵化率达94%，此外，对江黄颡自然繁殖的生态条件进行了探讨。