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181.
黄巍  缪武 《辣椒杂志》2017,(3):21-26
为了解两种辣椒雄性不育系的农艺性状,对细胞核雄性不育系G06-77-2A、细胞核质互作雄性不育系C06-77-2A及两个不育系的可育系G06-77-2B的株高、开展度、花蕾、雄蕊、雌蕊等方面进行对比分析。结果表明,(1)不育系除在株高和开展度较可育系大之外,其他性状和可育系基本一样;(2)雄性不育系的花蕾及雄蕊干质量都小于其相应的可育系,而雌蕊有异常膨大的现象,这一规律细胞核质互作不育系较细胞核不育系更突出,果实没有显著性差异。可见,辣椒细胞核质互作不育系C06-77-2A及细胞核雄性不育系G06-77-2A的整体性状好,个体间表现基本一致,能够运用于不育性状的回交转育亲本或选配杂交一代亲本。  相似文献   
182.
目的:对汞矿周围环境和畜禽进行砷、铅、铬污染调查,为掌握其污染情况提供依据。方法:电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS测定。结果:环境中水源污染铅、砷严重,蔬菜、粮食受到不同程度污染;鸡、鸭组织铅污染严重;猪、牛、羊砷、铅污染严重,部分组织受铬轻度污染。结论:汞矿周围环境以及饲养的畜禽存在严重砷、铅污染,轻度铬污染。  相似文献   
183.
吴小勇 《种子科技》2011,29(2):37-39
济源市位于河南省西北部,境内独特的小气候、天然隔离条件和完善的农业水利设施,使其成为国家级玉米、蔬菜制种基地,常年制种面积10万余亩,其中蔬菜制种面积3万余亩。尤其是番茄的人工杂交制种有  相似文献   
184.
185.
龙眼果实低温贮藏性能常规指标评价体系的构建   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以6个品种的龙眼果实为试验材料,监测了低温[(4±0.5)℃]贮藏期间25个常规指标,运用相关分析、因子分析和逐步回归分析方法对果实的贮藏性能进行综合评估。结果表明:(1)分别得到了与褐变指数、自溶指数、衰老度和失重率等显著相关的指标公因子组成及其解释指标,并构建了相应的数学预测模型;(2)通过逐步回归分析,得到了不同贮藏效果的有效评价指标,其中,褐变指数包括失重率、皮电导率、皮果糖和皮还原糖,自溶指数为肉还原糖,失重率包括肉还原糖和皮蔗糖,衰老度包括皮果糖、皮电导率和失重率; (3)6个品种中,石硖贮藏性能最好,其次为储良、立冬本、水眼、东壁,后壁埔最差,评价指标中,皮电导率作用最大,其次是失重率、皮果糖和皮还原糖,肉还原糖作用最小; (4)本研究得到的4个预测模型中,除自溶指数外,其它3个均具有较好的解释作用。  相似文献   
186.
Estimating spatial mean soil water contents from point-scale measurements is important to improve soil water management in sloping land of semiarid areas. Temporal stability analysis, as a statistical technique to estimate soil water content, is an effective tool in terms of facilitating the upscaling estimation of mean values. The objective of this study was to examine temporal stability of soil water profiles (0–20, 20–40, 40–60 and 0–60 cm) in sloping jujube (Zizyphus jujuba) orchards and to estimate field mean root-zone soil water based on temporal stability analysis in the Yuanzegou catchment of the Chinese Loess Plateau, using soil water observations under both dry and wet soil conditions. The results showed that different time-stable locations were identified for different depths and the temporal stability of soil water content in 20–40 cm was significantly (P < 0.05) weaker than that in other depths. Moreover, these time-stable locations had relatively high clay contents, relatively mild slopes and relatively planar surfaces compared to the corresponding field means. Statistical analysis revealed that the temporal stability of root zone soil water (0–60 cm) was higher in either dry or wet season than that including both, and soil water exhibited very low temporal stability during the transition period from dry to wet. Based on the temporal stability analysis, field mean soil water contents were estimated reasonably (R2 from 0.9560 to 0.9873) from the point measurements of these time-stable locations. Since the terrains in this study are typical in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau, the results presented here should improve soil water management in sloping orchards in the Loess Plateau.  相似文献   
187.
在福州地区选取85株细叶榕,对其传粉生物学进行研究.细叶榕榕果发育过程可划分为5个时期:雌前期、雌花期、间花期、雄花期和花后期.细叶榕雌花有长花柱、短花柱之分,柱头较长且弯曲,每个柱头独立,没有形成有利于小蜂传粉和产卵的联合柱头平台,雄花迟熟.细叶榕常年挂果,每年的4--8月为花序芽萌发高峰期,单株每年结果1~4次.细叶榕榕果从雌前期到花后期的发育时间长短与水热条件密切相关,在较为干冷的10月至翌年3月,细叶榕榕果发育较慢,一个发育周期通常需要3-6个月;在较为湿热的4-9月,榕果发育明显变快,一个发育周期仅需1-2个月.榕果的发育呈现株间、株内异步,花序发育周期交叠的现象频繁发生.细叶榕雌花期单果进蜂数量以1-2只占绝对优势,使个体小、数量多的榕果能够获得有效进蜂,既保证了传粉小蜂在榕果狭小空间内的有效传粉,也保证了榕树自身的正常结实,是榕-蜂协同进化的结果.福州细叶榕榕果内有17种小蜂,隶属于小蜂总科中的6个科(亚科),其中榕小蜂科的Eupristina verticillata是细叶榕唯一的传粉者,在榕小蜂群落结构中占绝对优势.细叶榕种子产出率明显较低,仅为13.64%,可能是其柱头未形成联合柱头平台,以及非传粉小蜂种类和数量较多的缘故.细叶榕可能通过增加年花期数(结果批次)来增加种子的产出,以确保自身的繁衍.本研究结果为城市绿化和热带雨林生物多样性保护提供科学依据.  相似文献   
188.
大白菜软腐病苗期抗性及其与成株期抗性的关系   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
对66个大白菜品种苗期抗性的测定结果表明,不同品种对细菌根系侵入和潜伏侵染的抗性存在显著差别;同一品种幼苗对侵入侵染的抗性与对潜伏侵染的抗性间没有相关性。幼苗期的组织含菌量与成株的田间软腐病发病程度有一定的相关性。并初步建立了大白菜对软腐病苗期抗性的鉴定方法。  相似文献   
189.
Essential oils are plant-derived aromatic volatile oils, and they contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve poultry nutrition. In this study, we investigated the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) on intestinal antioxidative capacity, immunity, and gut microbiota of young yellow-feathered chickens. A total of nine hundred and sixty 1-d-old female Qingyuan partridge chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with six replicates of 40 birds each, and the feeding trial was lasted for 30 d. The controls were fed on a basal diet without in-feed antibiotics; the birds in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg virginiamycin; the remaining birds were fed the basal diet containing 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Dietary supplementation with 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO increased average daily feed intake (P = 0.057) and average daily gain (P < 0.05). The activities of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidative capacity in plasma, jejuna, and ileal mucosa were increased by OEO supplementation (P < 0.05), with a trend of lower jejunal content of malonaldehyde (P = 0.062). Moreover, dietary OEO increased the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (P = 0.078) and the relative expression of Claudin 1, Mucin 2, and Avain beta-defensin 1 in ileum (P < 0.05). Sequencing data of 16S rRNA indicated that dietary OEO increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum, and Clostridium and Lactobacillus genera, and decreasing that of Romboutsia. Functional analyses indicated that microbial amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, replication, and repair systems were higher in OEO groups than those of controls and antibiotic treatment. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OEO enhanced growth performance, alleviated local oxidative stress in intestine, improved production of natural antibodies, and favorably modulated intestinal microbiota composition.  相似文献   
190.
We investigated the effects of dietary fiber (DF) supplementation in normal or low crude protein (CP) diets on reproductive performance and nitrogen (N) utilization in primiparous gilts. In total, 77 Landrace × Yorkshire pregnant gilts were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The groups comprised 1) equal intake of normal CP (12.82% and 0.61% total lysine), 2) low CP (LP) (10.53% and 0.61% total lysine), and 3) with or 4) without DF supplementation (cellulose, inulin, and pectin in a 34:10:1 ratio). A low-protein diet during gestation significantly reduced daily weight gain from days 91 to 110 of pregnancy (−162.5 g/d, P = 0.004). From N balance trials conducted at days 35 to 38, 65 to 68, and 95 to 98 of pregnancy, DF addition increased fecal N excretion at days 65 to 68 (+24.1%) and 95 to 98 (+13.8%) of pregnancy (P < 0.05) but reduced urinary N excretion (P < 0.05), resulting in greater N retention at each gestational stage. DF increased fecal microbial protein levels and excretion during gestation. An LP diet also reduced urinary N excretion at different gestational stages. An in vitro fermentation trial on culture media with nonprotein N urea and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) as the only N sources revealed that microbiota derived from feces of gestating gilts fed the high DF diet exhibited a greater capacity to convert nonprotein N to microbial protein. Microbial fecal diversity, as measured by 16S rRNA sequencing, revealed significant changes from DF but not CP diets. Gilts fed an LP diet had a higher number of stillbirths (+0.83 per litter, P = 0.046) and a lower piglet birth weight (1.52 vs. 1.37 kg, P = 0.006), regardless of DF levels. Collectively, DF supplementation to gestation diets shifted N excretion from urine to feces in the form of microbial protein, suggesting that the microbiota had a putative role in controlling N utilization from DF. Additionally, a low-protein diet during gestation negatively affected the litter performance of gilts.  相似文献   
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