文化元素在赤峰市松山北区道路景观设计中的运用

为规划好松山北区,通过深层次发掘本地文化的元素,例如红山文化,来打造新城与众不同的特质,文化和一个城市的发展密不可分,拥有文化底蕴的城市,为我们呈现一个既现代化又不浮夸的文化名城,通过文化里的符号、寓意,利用现代化的设计手法打造松北新城的主要景观大道,在保留文化底蕴的同时,与时俱进,开放发展,建设宜人的健康、人文和现代道路景观。     

层状木材陶瓷的制备及表征

用山毛榉薄木/酚醛树脂(PF)复合材料在常压下密闭隔氧烧结制备具有层状结构的木材陶瓷.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X-射线衍射仪(XRD)对试件的结构和物相进行研究.SEM分析显示:木材陶瓷具有清晰的层状结构,保留了木材作为生物模板的天然特征.XRD的研究结果表明:提高烧结温度在改善木材陶瓷可石墨化程度的同时还能提高其纯度.烧结温度和树脂含量对层状木材陶瓷的力学性能和孔隙结构具有双重作用:抗弯强度在800℃之前迅速增加,在1 200℃附近出现转折点;表观密度呈现出与此基本相同的现象;真密度随着烧结温度和树脂含量的增加而增加.层状木材陶瓷的断裂韧性为0.8～1.2 MPa·m1/2,是采用常规方法制备的木材陶瓷的2倍多,且层状结构能够提高裂纹的扩展容限,避免破坏过程中的灾难性断裂.     

非线性流形降维方法结合近红外光谱技术快速鉴别不同海拔的茶叶

为提高不同海拔茶叶品质近红外光谱技术鉴别方法的精度,提出采用局部线性嵌入法（LLE）和拉普拉斯特征映射法（LE）非线性流形学习方法对近红外光谱数据进行降维处理,并与基于核函数的非线性（KPCA）及线性（PCA）降维方法比较,建立不同海拔茶叶品质的近红外光谱LSSVM鉴别模型。不同降维方法可视化结果表明,KPCA和PCA方法的数据点离散性较大,400~800 m和800~1 200 m的样本点重叠较多,而非线性流形学习方法能将同一类样本点在三维空间很好地聚集在一起,不同海拔的茶叶能较好地区分开,且聚集效果方面LE方法好于LLE方法。模型性能表明,LE_LSSVM模型性能最佳,预测集总体判别率、Kappa系数分别为100%和1.00;相比于PCA_LSSVM、KPCA_LSSVM和LLE_LSSVM,模型预测集总体判别率分别提高1.7%、1.7%、3.3%;Kappa系数分别提高0.025、0.03、0.05。研究表明,LE等非线性流形学习降维方法在近红外光谱数据降维、简化模型复杂度、提高模型精度方面效果很好,为茶叶品质快速检测方法研究提供了一种新思路。     

荔浦芋组培苗大田种植试验研究初报

荔蒲芋组培苗经营养袋育苗后定值大田，地上部分生长整齐，母芋大小均匀，母芋球茎淀粉和蛋白质含量分别比子芋球茎苗的增加4.8%和2.1%。在产量上组培苗和子芋球茎苗无显著差异。     

低温冻害对山西五寨 甜糯玉米全生育期的影响及防御

冻害是影响五寨甜糯玉米生长发育的主要气象灾害性之一,防御冻害最为经济有效的措施就是了解五寨低温冻害特征,选择最佳播种和采收时间,规避冻害风险。本文利用五寨县64a气温、10cm地温、霜日等气象资料和近10a的冻害资料,采用数理统计、概率统计、Excel分析等方法,分析研究了低温冻害对五寨县甜糯玉米全生育期的影响。研究表明：五寨县甜糯玉米生育期内,春季冻害危害风险较高,秋季冻害危害风险较低。甜糯玉米苗期至三叶期,冻害危害风险最高的时段为4月25日至5月15日。甜糯玉米采收期,冻害危害风险最高的为9月下旬。针对研究结果,提出相应的防御对策,旨在为科学合理种植甜糯玉米提供技术支撑。     

江苏快速城市化过程中的土地资源利用分析

"十五"以来,江苏城市化进程进入高速发展阶段,其城市化率和发展速度均高于全国平均水平,但在快速的城市化进程中,江苏土地利用方面也出现了一些较为明显的问题.本文从城市化角度出发,研究江苏城市化发展与土地利用之间的内在联系,分析其存在的问题,并提出解决城市化进程中土地可持续利用问题的对策与方法.     

Rice productivity and profitability with slow-release urea containing organic-inorganic matrix materials

Applying slow-release fertilizers is possible means for reducing nitrogen(N) loss in rice production. Matrix-based fertilizers represent novel slow-release fertilizers. To date, there is little consensus about the effect of combined addition of organic and inorganic matrix materials on rice production. We developed a slow-release urea fertilizer with selected organic and inorganic matrix materials. The study aimed to: i) determine the effect of the slow-release urea on rice yield, profit, and agronomic efficiency and ii) elucidate its possible mechanisms. A two-year field experiment was conducted during 2015–2016. Besides,laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the potential N loss risk. Three treatments were set up: control without N application(CK), regular urea treatment(RU, 150 kg N ha~(-1)), and slow-release urea treatment(SU, 150 kg N ha~(-1)). The results showed that rice biomass and grain yield were significantly higher in SU than in RU(P 0.05). The higher panicle density in SU was largely responsible for the greater grain yield. Net profit in SU was US$450 ha~(-1), higher than in RU. Agronomic efficiency was significantly greater in SU than in RU(P 0.05). Rice height, root area, leaf chlorophyll, leaf nitrate reductase activity, and leaf glutamine synthetase activity were larger in SU than in RU. Less N loss and greater soil N availability were partly responsible for the improvements in rice growth traits and physiological parameters in SU. Overall, the slow-release urea is a promising fertilizer for rice production.     

Different Fire Frequency Impacts Over 27 Years on Vegetation Succession in an Infertile Old-Field Grassland

We examined the effect of fire on vegetation composition with the use of an experiment with four different fire frequencies (annual, 2-yr interval, 4-yr interval, and an intended control with no burning) over a 27-yr period in an infertile, old-field grassland at the Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, located in Minnesota, United States. We measured the plant species' aboveground biomass in permanent plots in 1983, 1987, 1991, 2000, and 2010. None of these fire frequencies, even after 27 yr, had a large impact on the vegetation composition. The plant functional groups' responses to fire frequency were consistent with their respective dominant species. The most abundant C₄ grass, little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium Michx.), did not change in biomass with fire frequency over time. The biomass of the introduced, invasive grass, Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) decreased significantly with increasing fire frequency, but this decrease did not result in change to the rate and trajectory of vegetation change. Bush clover (Lespedeza capitata Michx.), the only legume in the community, strongly increased with more frequent fire, but only after 20 yr. Species richness and litter mass decreased significantly with increasing fire frequency. These small fire-induced vegetation changes contrast with large fire-induced vegetation changes in fertile grasslands. Management strategies using fire in infertile grasslands can lower Poa abundance; however, increased fire also decreased overall plant diversity.     

白花柽柳微小染色体维系蛋白3（TaMCM3）特异性识别 W-box 元件1）

真核生物翻译起始因子5A（eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A,eIF5A）是一个普遍存在于真核生物中高度保守的蛋白,参与多种生命活动。通过对已克隆得到的一个柽柳eIF5A基因（ TaeIF5A1）启动子分析发现,其-622～-627 bp区域存在W-box“CTGACT”元件,利用酵母单杂交技术筛选柽柳cDNA文库获得一个能够识别W-box的微小染色体维系蛋白3（minichromosome maintenance 3,MCM3）,命名为TaMCM3。进一步利用酵母单杂交验证发现,将W-box的核心序列“TGAC”中的“A”突变成“G”或者将“G”突变成“A”,TaMCM则不能识别这些序列,说明TaMCM3对W-box的识别具有特异性。 TaMCM能够结合含有W-box元件的TaeIF5A1启动子片段,但当W-box序列突变后则不能识别,说明TaMCM是通过与W-box相结合来与TaeIF5A1启动子相互作用的。研究表明,TaMCM能够特异性地识别W-box,并可能具有转录因子的功能。     

“保林制剂”注杆防治南昌市园林树木害虫试验研究

对南昌市园林绿化树种害虫:光肩星天牛、桃红颈天牛、杨扇舟蛾、绿刺蛾、扁刺蛾、紫薇绒蚧等进行"保林制剂"注杆防治试验,结果表明"保林制剂"对杨扇舟蛾、扁刺蛾和绿刺蛾具有很好的防治效果,且药物剂量在6.0-10.0 mL/10cm胸径时,其防治效果能达到了90%以上。防治效果快、药效持续时间长,用药方便、没污染、对周边环境无影响等优点。