胡萝卜新品种因卡高产栽培技术

胡萝卜因卡属中晚熟品种,在同安区新店等镇一般于10月上旬播种,翌年3月上旬收获,生育期150d左右.大田平均产量7.50万～8.25kg/hm2左右.该品种植株叶丛较直立,叶片绿色,2～3回羽复叶最后裂片,长35～40cm,叶柄浅绿色,有绒毛,长18cm左右.果根色泽鲜红,表皮光滑,长圆柱形,肉质根长25cm左右,肉质根头部直径5cm左右,单根重400～500g,芯肉皮呈深红色,肉质细嫩、味甘甜,优质,商品性好,耐储运.该品种的外观、口感、规格等均符合加工出口产品标准.经多年田间调查,抗倒伏,抗病性强,未发现危害性病害,耐寒性强,耐旱性中.适宜砂壤土种植.其栽培技术如下:     

西双版纳海巴戟炭疽病和病原菌分生孢子萌发、附着胞形成条件的研究

对西双版纳海巴戟炭疽病进行调查和病原菌鉴定。结果表明,海巴戟炭疽病周年发生,8月的发病率和病情指数最高,分别为40.76%和8.9。根据病原菌形态特征,将其鉴定为瓜类炭疽菌［Colletotrichum orbiculare (Berk. &; Mont)］。有关温度、pH、光照和碳源对病原菌孢子萌发和附着胞形成影响的研究显示,20～35 ℃,海巴戟炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发率高,20 ℃是形成附着胞的最适温度;最适合海巴戟炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发和形成附着胞的pH为4～8;在日光灯连续光照、12 h光暗交替和自然光照射条件下分生孢子萌发率在90%以上,光照对此病原菌附着胞形成的影响差异不大;1%葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、D果糖和α 乳糖溶液中孢子萌发率都不高。     

Characterization and application of lactic acid bacteria for tropical silage preparation

Strains TH 14, TH 21 and TH 64 were isolated from tropical silages, namely corn stover, sugar cane top and rice straw, respectively, prepared in Thailand. These strains were selected by low pH growth range and high lactic acid‐producing ability, similar to some commercial inoculants. Based on the analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence and DNA‐DNA relatedness, strain TH 14 was identified as Lactobacillus casei, and strains TH 21 and TH 64 were identified as L. plantarum. Strains TH 14, TH 21, TH 64 and two commercial inoculants, CH (L. plantarum) and SN (L. rhamnosus), were used as additives to fresh and wilted purple Guinea and sorghum silages prepared using a small‐scale fermentation method. The number of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the forages before ensilage was relatively low but the numbers of coliform and aerobic bacteria were higher. Sorghum silages at 30 days of fermentation were all well preserved with low pH (3.56) and high lactic acid production (72.86 g/kg dry matter). Purple Guinea silage inoculated with LAB exhibited reduced count levels of aerobic and coliform bacteria, lower pH, butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen and increased lactic acid concentration, compared with the control. Strain TH 14 more effectively improved lactic acid production compared with inoculants and other strains. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science     

日粮中添加植物油对保育猪生长性能的影响

为了探索饲料中植物油对保育猪生长性能的影响,本研究将28 d断奶的仔猪20头随机分为4组,每组在基础日粮基础上分别添加0、2.0%、3.0%和4.0%的大豆油,通过统计采食量、平均日增重、饲料转化率及成活率等指标,研究大豆油对保育猪生长性能的影响.预饲期为5 d,试验期为37 d.结果表明,与对照组相比,添加植物油能显著提高仔猪的日增重(ADG)和饲料转化率(F/G)(P＜0.05);各试验组相比,随着添加量的增加,日增重也相应提高,其中c、d组与b组相比,差异显著(P＜0.05),c和d组相比差异不显著(P＞0.05);各试验组之间饲料转化率差异不显著(P＞0.05).综合各种因素考虑,添加3%水平的植物油对提高保育猪生长性能较为理想.     

提高豆粕营养价值的研究进展

豆粕是饲料工业中应用最广泛的植物性蛋白原料，但由于存在多种抗营养因子，降低了动物对豆粕营养的吸收率。大量的研究工作表明采用热处理、化学法、作物育种法、酶制剂法、微生物发酵法均可以在一定程度上降解抗营养因子。比较发现，采用微生物发酵处理法可以有效地降解豆粕中主要的抗营养因子，并能积累有益的代谢产物，提高豆粕的营养价值，获得具有多种功能的优质蛋白饲料。     

长白种猪优化选配减少近交畸形的研究

以华南某1 500头规模种猪场2009年到2010年1 502窝长白猪分娩信息进行优化、选配减少近交畸形的研究,结果显示血缘选配优化时将近交系数控制在1%比3%效果明显,平均产活仔数从10.39头/窝提高到10.46头/窝(P＞0.05),畸形率从10.30%下降到4.79%(P＜0.01);对其中402窝出现畸形仔猪...     

银杏防御素对仔猪生长性能及免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在通过在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加银杏防御素,研究其对仔猪生长性能及免疫指标的影响,以期为生产上提供安全、环保、高效的绿色饲料添加剂.试验选择断奶后体重约为7 kg的“杜×长×大”仔猪120头,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组5个重复,每个重复12头猪.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.2％银杏防御素的试验饲粮.试验期21 d.结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组末重提高了8.92％(P ＜0.05),腹泻率极显著降低(P＜0.01),料重比降低了7.27％(P ＜0.05);血清免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白A含量分别提高了13.03％(P ＜0.05)、12.27％(P ＜0.05)、7.89％(P ＞0.05),血清白蛋白和总蛋白含量分别提高了19.97％(P ＜0.05)和14.97％(P ＜0.05),血液T淋巴细胞转化率提高了8.25％(P ＞0.05),血液白细胞介素2含量提高了15.25％(P ＜0.01).由此可见,银杏防御素可提高仔猪生长性能和免疫指标,降低腹泻率.     

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒分子生物学研究进展

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒（ＰＲＲＳＶ）是引起母猪流产和仔猪呼吸道症状及死亡的一种新的重要病原。该病毒于１９９１年７月首先由荷兰分离获得（当时,称之为Ｌｅｌｙｓｔａｄ病毒,ＬＶ）,接着,德国、美国、比利时、英国、苏格兰、法国、西班牙、日本、韩国及台湾等很...     

Induction of interspecific allo-tetraploids of Megalobrama amblycephala♀×Megalobrama terminalis♂ by heat shock

Interspecific allo-tetraploidy was induced by a combination of hybridization of Megalobrama amblycephala ♀× Megalobrama terminalis ♂ and thermal shock. A thermal shock at 40 °C for 2 min applied to eggs 33 or 26 min (τ₀: 1.40) after fertilization resulted in a significantly ( P <0.01) higher yield of allo-tetraploids than hybrid crosses without heat shock. The yield of allo-tetraploids in embryos from mid-gastrula to hatching stages was 15.7–24.4% in different thermal shock treatment groups. The allo-tetraploidy rate in 330-day-old juveniles was 9.3% and 6.7% in different year treatment groups. After 2 years of rearing, allo-tetraploidy males attained sexual maturity with milk-like milt at the age of 2+, while allo-tetraploidy females at the age of 2+, and even at 3+, did not show any signs of sexual maturation exhibiting obviously delayed maturity. Only a few allo-tetraploidy females (three individuals) showed maturation characters at the age of 4+ and these females were induced to spawn.     

库鄯线减压站清管作业防堵方案

介绍了库鄯线觉罗塔格减压站的主要功能和库鄯线的特点，分析了在历次清管作业中觉 罗格格减压站多次发生堵塞的原因，依据相关技术研究成果及历次清管作业经验，研究并探讨了合理的清管作业方案及防止减压站蜡油阻塞的技术和措施。