对玉米人工合成群体遗传性状改良效果的研究

为对玉米群体改良提供理论依据和实践经验,对其进行限制性选择的株型改良以及确定合理的选择指数是群体改良的一项重要内容,在选择强度,有效群体和环境条件均一致的条件下,对玉米（Zea mayL.)沈综基础群体和（S1）C1群体实施两种方案的轮回选择,得到半同胞家系HC2群体和全同胞家系FC3群体,同时对产量组成性状,植株性状及抗病性进行表型选择,结果表明,在HC2群体中,穗长,穗粗,行粒数,穗行数,百粒重的通径系数总效应分别为：0.579,0.415,0.363,0.311,0.293,在FC3群体中,分别为0.511,0.317,0.578,0.014,0.368。与产量相关农艺性状的变异系数有所下降。群体植株性状获得的遗传增益不尽相同,营养体的生长量有所增加。     

甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua)自然种群与抗拟除虫菊酯有关的L1014F突变的发现

应用PCR扩增技术,克隆了甜菜夜蛾（Spodoptera exigua)自然种群的部分钠离子通道基因片段,并对其进行了测序。后将推断的氨基酸序列与其它敏感昆虫的相应序列进行了比较,发现了钠离子通道ⅡS6的1014同源位点上存在Leu(CTT)→Phe(TTT)点突变,表明该种群的抗药性可能与击倒抗性（kdr)有关。     

美国红鱼养殖种群的同工酶酶谱及其生化遗传初步分析

利用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术,对50尾美国红鱼肌肉及肝脏组织进行了14种同工酶的初步分析。结果表明,美国红鱼多态位点比例P＝0.292,实际平均杂合度Hp=0.057,预期杂合度He=0.108,每个位点的有效等位基因数Ae=1.108,Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数D＝－0.472。     

无色杆菌毒蛋白对菜粉蝶中肠的组织病理学影响

无色杆菌毒蛋白经口进入菜粉蝶幼虫体内 6、12、18、2 4h以后 ,菜粉蝶幼虫的中肠组织逐渐遭到破坏 ,开始有些肠壁细胞伸长 ,在顶端形成囊泡 ,以后囊泡和细胞核脱落进入肠腔 .处理后期临近死亡的幼虫中肠肠壁组织被严重破坏 ,仅残留基层细胞 ,并形成一些空腔 ,从而影响昆虫的正常取食 .表明这种毒蛋白能引起菜粉蝶幼虫肠道严重的病理变化     

Dietary linseed oil in the maternal diet affects immunoglobulins,tissue fatty acid composition and expression of lipid metabolism‐related genes in piglets

This experiment investigated the effects of supplementing the maternal diet with linseed oil (LSO) and soya bean oil (SBO) on immunoglobulins, the fatty acid composition and hepatic expression of lipid metabolism‐related genes in piglets. Multiparous sows (twenty‐four per diet) were fed on diets containing a supplement of either SBO or LSO during last week of gestation and lactation. The results indicated that supplementation of maternal diet with LSO could improve the weaning weight of piglets and average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.05). The concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) was enhanced in sow plasma, colostrum and milk by the addition of LSO (p < 0.05). In addition, the concentration of 18: 3n‐3 fatty acids was higher in the milk of LSO sows. Meanwhile, maternal supplementation with LSO increased the levels of plasma IgG, IgA and the tissues n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in piglets (p < 0.05). Correspondingly, the mRNA expression levels of hepatic ?5‐desaturase (D5D) and ?6‐desaturase (D6D) were higher, and fatty acid synthase (FAS) was lower in piglets from LSO‐fed sows when compared with that in the SBO group. In conclusion, LSO supplementation of the maternal diet increases immunoglobulins, modifies the fatty acid composition and affects the gene of D5D and D6D expression of piglets.     

复杂盐碱生态条件的人工模拟及其对羊草生长的影响

将ＮａＣｌ、ＮａＨＣＯ３、Ｎａ２ＳＯ４和ＮａＣｏ３按不同比例混和,模拟出３０种盐度和ＰＨ各不相同的盐碱生态条件,并用以处理并草苗。测定羊草苗的存活率、分蘖数、根戏数及相对生长率等生长指标;分析盐度和ＰＨ对羊草生长失作用及其盯关性。结果表明：３０处处理均匀覆盖了总盐度５０－３５０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＰＨ７．１４－１０．８１范围内的各处盐碱条件,羊草的各项生长指标均随盐浓度及Ｐ增高而下降;单纯高ＰＨ域盐度对羊     

电动助力转向系统转向性能的客观评价

针对电动助力转向的结构特点,分析了电动助力转向对汽车转向性能的影响,提出从转向轻便性、转向回正性、转向盘中间位置区域性能、转向盘振动、随动灵敏度和助力特性等方面进行电动助力转向系统转向性能的客观评价,并探讨了相应的评价指标,对电动助力转向助力控制规律、基本设计参数以及相关试验标准的确定有指导意义。     

不同产量、品质的赤霞珠葡萄园叶柄、土壤养分状况调查分析

为提高酿酒葡萄产量、品质和合理施肥提供依据,对河北省昌黎县不同产量、品质的赤霞珠葡萄园的叶柄、土壤养分状况进行了调查分析。结果表明,中、低产低质葡萄树体K、Zn含量较低,树体Mg缺乏是3种园区都存在的问题,低产低质园树体Fe含量明显偏低;中、低产低质葡萄园土壤有机质、水解N、有效P、K、Zn较低,3种园区土壤交换性Mg含量均较低。高产优质园,土壤N、K、Mg与叶柄相应元素之间为正相关,中产低质园,土壤N、K、P、Mg、Zn与叶柄相应元素之间为正相关,低产低质园,土壤K、Mg、Zn与叶柄相应元素之间为正相关。