籼稻稻米直链淀粉含量的胚、胚乳、细胞质和母体遗传效应分析

采用禾谷类作物种子数量性状遗传模型和统计分析方法, 分析了籼稻稻米直链淀粉含量的 胚、 胚乳、 细胞质和母体植株遗传效应以及环境互作效应。 结果发现稻米直链淀粉含量 的表现主要受制于基因的遗传主效应, 环境互作效应对其影响较小。 控制直链淀粉含量的 遗传主效应以胚乳效应为主, 细胞质效应和母体效应对直链淀粉含     

Three-component synthesis and characterization of 2-amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(piperidin-1-yl)-3,5-dicarbonitrile pyridine

Novel 2-amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(piperidin-1-yl)pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile is synthesized using malononitrile, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and piperidine as starting material in methanol by one-spot. The yield is 40% with three-component reaction at room temperature. The structure is confirmed by 1H NMR, MS and X-ray single crystal diffraction.     

Experimental analysis of the deformation of sandstone under cyclic pore water pressure and wavelet transformation

To explore the characteristics of deformation of sandstone under cyclic pore water pressure, the experiments with different axial stresses (60%, 70% and 80% of peak intensity) of sandstone subjected to cyclic pore water loading are investigated by using MTS815 rock mechanics testing system, and irregular small deformation in deformation curve of sandstone are also processed by wavelet transformation of Matlab. The results show that with the increase of constant axial stress, fatigue deformation under cyclic pore water pressure will accelerate the failure of the sandstone. With the increase of the number of cyclic pore water pressure, the deformation evolution of the plastic-loop is illustrated as sparse-dense-sparse. The deformation curves of sandstone under cyclic pore water pressure affected by many factors are decomposed, reconfigurable processed and evaluated by using wavelet transformation, which indicates that the basic curve with optimal decomposition scale fits well with the experimental curves and reveals the deformation evolution of sandstone.     

Computer Simulation for Analysing the Melting Action of Mould Powders During Continuous Casting

When analysing the performance of casting powders in a specific casting machine, the thickness of liquid slag is a very important parameter. If the liquid slag thickness is not kept above a certain minimum value during the continuous casting operation,the surface and internal quality of the cast products will be jeopardised because lubrication between the strand and the mould is impaired . It is necessary, therefore , to choose the appropriate type of mould powder .In the industrial experiments, it is very difficult and expensive to study this sensitivity by introducing controlled variation in one parameter while keeping all the other constant. Numerical and computer simulation methods are used in the study .They can predict the liquid slag thickness developed above the liquid steel and distribution of the temperature. The sensitivity of the liquid slag thickness to variations can be determined in the material properties of the mould powders.     

Discussion about Saving Energy in Refrigeratory

Food refrigeration is regarded as a high energy consuming trade. Under the long period system of state operated enterprise,there are many phenomenons of ignoring energy management and wasting energy. Energy consuming is not very clear for production.Consuming in our country is far more than the international standard and there is a distance between the middle_westland and the eastland. As a enterprise that faces the international market,it is important for it to strength the management so that the cost can be reduced. Considering those phenomenons of ignoring energy management and wasting energy in refrigeratory at present, some measures such as improved the unreasonable operation process, strengthening the energy management and automation to realize automatizing operation are improved to reduce the cost for refrigeratory trades.     

黄瓜种子带菌检测及杀菌剂消毒处理效果

采用离体平皿法对10个品种的黄瓜种子进行带菌检测,并测定5种杀菌剂和1种种衣剂对种子的消毒处理效果。结果表明,种子表面携带的优势菌群为青霉属(Pen icilliumspp.)、根霉属(Rhizopusspp.)、曲霉属(Aspergillusspp.)、枝孢属(C ladosporiumspp.)、交链孢属(Alternariaspp.)和镰孢霉属(Fusariumspp.);种子内部寄藏的真菌主要为根霉属、曲霉属、枝孢属和镰孢霉属;不同品种的种子表面携带真菌种类差异较大,而种子内部寄藏的真菌种类差异不明显;种壳带菌率一般高于种仁带菌率。15%噁.霜.福悬浮种衣剂、适乐时和福美双对种子的消毒效果优于甲霜灵、多菌灵、噁霉灵等供试药剂。     

小麦与不同作物间作模式对麦蚜及主要捕食性天敌群落的影响

应用群落生态学结构变化特征的研究方法,研究了小麦与油菜、荷兰豆间作和单作麦田3种栽培模式条件下对麦田麦蚜及主要天敌群落的影响。结果表明,捕食性天敌的丰盛度和昆虫群落的稳定性,麦套荷兰豆最高,其次为麦套油菜田、单作麦田最低;麦套荷兰豆田麦蚜亚群落稳定性较好,单作麦田捕食性天敌亚群落的稳定性较好。麦蚜亚群落主要特征值分析表明,多样性指数和均匀度为:麦套荷兰豆>单作麦田>麦套油菜,优势度和优势集中性指数为:麦套油菜>单作麦田>麦套荷兰豆;主要捕食性天敌亚群落的多样性指数和均匀度为:单作麦田>麦套油菜>麦套荷兰豆,优势度和优势集中性指数为:麦套荷兰豆田>麦套油菜田>单作麦田。     

云南省草果主要病原真菌鉴定及防治药剂筛选

为了明确引起云南草果植株主要病害的病原真菌种类,筛选能有效抑制分离病原菌的杀菌剂,为草果病害化学防治提供依据。采用组织分离法纯化培养,并通过形态学鉴定并结合ITS,TEF,ACT和GAPDH序列分析确定病原菌的分类地位;通过菌丝生长速率法,明确7种杀菌剂对草果主要病害的防治效果。结果表明,分离到的菌株为禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)和胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)。防治药剂筛选结果显示,对于禾谷镰刀菌,所选的7种杀菌剂中京彩的防治效果达到93%以上。对于胶孢炭疽菌,代森锰锌在田间推荐量区间内可以实现百分百防治。蓝楷、京彩、施灰乐低浓度时对胶孢炭疽菌的防治效果均达到了90%以上。推荐京彩、施灰乐,代森锰锌和蓝楷作为云南省草果主要真菌病害的优选兼治药剂。     

水稻早世代稳定特异性的研究

利用9个具有早世代稳定遗传特性的水稻品系和7个栽培稻作为主体亲本杂交配组，在130个组合F2群体963个株系中，发现28个组合中出现73个稳定株系。遗传分析表明水稻早世代稳定既不是质量性状遗传也不是数量性状遗传，是按株群分离的遗传方式，出现稳定株系的组合F1群体发生了分离，F2群体中既有性状不分离的稳定株系又有孟德尔     

不同技术措施对降水利用和土壤养分的影响

研究了豫西丘陵旱作区不同技术措施对降水利用的影响,结果表明,不同技术措施对玉米生育性状、子粒产量、土壤含水量和降水利用具有积极作用。其中,玉米产量增产1.92%~20.51%,以秸秆覆盖+营养型抗旱保水剂处理增产效果最显著,增产15.38%~20.51%;其次为营养型抗旱保水剂处理,增产11.53%~14.10%。降水利用效率分别提高0.45~3.60 kg/(mm.hm2),其中,以秸秆覆盖+营养型抗旱保水剂处理最好,提高2.70~3.60 kg/(mm.hm2);说明合理的技术集成是提高降水利用的有效途径之一。化学节水技术以营养型抗旱保水剂处理效果最好。同时,合理的秸秆覆盖可以提高土壤耕层的氮、磷、钾和有机质含量,否则将导致有效钾和有机质含量的降低。