THE STIMULATION OF METABOLISM BY ALCOHOL

(1) The effect of ethyl alcohol, fat and protein, or the amino acids, on sugar metabolism was determined directly. (2) It was found that alcohol stimulated sugar metabolism almost as much as fat and protein. (3) From this it is concluded that alcohol, in addition to serving as a source of heat and energy, may also serve another function of the foodstuffs, namely, that of stimulating metabolism.     

Alkaloids from Cyrtanthus elatus

The alcoholic extract of the fresh bulbs of Cyrtanthus elatus yielded zephyranthine (1) and 1,2-O-diacetylzephyranthine (2), together with three other known alkaloids. Complete assignment of 1H and 13C NMR spectra of compounds 1 and 2 was done by employment of two-dimensional NMR techniques.     

Tissue distribution of lignans in rats in response to diet, dose-response, and competition with isoflavones

This paper investigates the occurrence and distribution of the lignan metabolites enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL) and the isoflavone daidzein (DAID) in rat tissues by use of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MSn) following a variety of dietary regimes. Furthermore, we examined the dose-response and distribution of END and ENL in liver, testes, prostate, and lung, and we investigated the effects of competition between lignans and isoflavones on metabolite distribution. In liver, testes, prostate, and lung tissue, dose-related increases in END concentration were observed. In the testes, coadministration of 60 mg/kg secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG) with 60 mg/kg isoflavones produced alterations in the resulting metabolite profile, causing increased END concentration and decreased DAID concentration. Results indicate lignan accumulation in tissues occurs, and coadministration of lignans with isoflavones affects the metabolite profile, with effects dependent on tissue type.     

不同来源大豆种质资源的田间鉴定与筛选

旨在评价不同生态区大豆种质资源表型性状遗传多样性,为亲本选择和品种改良提供科学依据。以1 580份来源于国外和中国北方、黄淮海、南方生态区的大豆种质资源为对象,分析21个形态描述型性状的遗传多样性,并对13个数量性状的遗传变异及其相关性进行综合分析。结果表明：21个描述型性状的Simpson多样性指数平均值在国外、中国北方、黄淮海、南方及总资源群体中分别为0.345 9、0.347 1、0.345 9、  0.322 4、0.357 7,荚色Simpson多样性指数最大,叶色Simpson多样性指最小。底荚高度、有效分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、株高、百粒质量、单株粒质量的遗传变异系数均大于30%,初花时间、主茎节数、茎粗、荚长、荚宽的遗传变异系数为20%～10%,生育时间的遗传变异系数小于10%。13个数量性状的Simpson多样性指数平均值在国外、中国北方、黄淮海、南方及总资源群体中分别为0.813 6、0.831 1、0.825 9、0.836 9、0.826 5,说明该批大豆种质资源多样性丰富。相关分析表明,单株粒质量与其他12个重要农艺性状呈极显著正相关。通径分析发现百粒质量、单株粒数对单株粒质量的正向效应最大,其次为茎粗、单株荚数,而荚宽、株高、初花时间有负向效应。本研究揭示了该批大豆种质资源表型性状的遗传特点及其相互关系,以大豆单株产量构成性状为综合指标,结合生育时间表现,筛选出30份高产特异大豆种质,为合理选择亲本形成优势性状互补以进行大豆高产品种改良和选育提供参考。