Untersuchungen zur unblutigen Gewinnung von Rinderembryonen in Besamungszuchtprogrammen*

Inhalt In einem ersten Versuch, ausgeführt in Februar und März 1977, wurde der derzeitige Stand der Embryo Transfertechnik im Rahmen eines Besamungszuchtprogrammes geprüft. Es wurden 16 Tiere erfolgreich gespült aus einer Gesamtzahl aon 21 stimulierten Tieren. 5,3 Embryonen wurden pro Spender ausgespült. Die Irächtigkeitsrate nach Palpation betrug 32,25 %. Um praktische Bedeutung für ein Besamungszuchtprogramm zu erreichen, muβ es möglich werden: (1) Die Ausfallraten (bei Stimulierung, Oaulation, Befruchtung der Eier und Spülung) zu reduzieren; (2) 2,5 Kälber pro Spender pro Spülung zu produzieren; (3) 2 Spülungen pro Spender hintereinander durchzuführen. Contents Studies on the nonsurgical recovery of bovine embryos within Al breeding programs. At the Munich University a pilot project was carried out in February and March 1977 to study embryo transfer in an AI breeding programme. 16 donors out of 21 preselected superior cows could be flushed successfully. Flushing was done exclusiaely nonsurgically. An average of 5.3 embryos were collected per donor. Pregnancy rate based on palpation was 32.25 %. To become feasible for an AI breeding programme, results would have to be like the following: (1) less failures on the donor side (stimulation, oaulation, flushing and unfertilized eggs); (2) 2.5 calves per donor per flushing; (3) two flushings per donor in a row.     

Die Fruchtbarkeit beim Rind und ihre Beziehungen zu Stallsystemen und verschiedenen anderen EinflußgrösZen

Inhalt: Die Untersuchungen im Bereich der Besamungsstation Herbertingen um fassen Daten aus 41 Betrieben mit insgesamt 479 Kiihen, die sich etwa gleichmagig auf FV und SB verteilen. In die Verarbeitung der Daten wurden in erster Linie Besamungsindex, Zwischenkalbereit, Giistreit und Rastzeit, daneben auch Abkalbequote, Weidehaltung, Laktationsnummer und Milchleistung einbezogen. Ausgewertet wurde mit Hive der LSQ-Analyse nach Harvey (1960) und der Regressionsanalyse. Die LSQ-Analyse laßt nur bei der Aufstallung und der Wechselwirkung rwischen Aufstallung und Rasse einen signifikanten Einfluj3 auf die Fruchtbarkeitsrnerkmale erkennen. Diese werden vom Aufstallungssystem starker beeinfluflt als von der Rasse. Die Auswertung nach Betrieben mittels Regressionsanalyse bringt insgesamt eine Bestatigung der Auswertung nach Tieren mit der LSQ-Analyse.     

Die testikuläre Feminisierung beim Rind als Sterilitätsursache von Färsen

As a contribution to knowledge of anoestrus in heifers, a case of testicular feminisation in a Friesian heifer is reported. This is the first case of this unusual intersex form in German breeds of cattle. 2. The genital syndrome “testicular feminisation” originates in genotypically male animals with foetal testicular insufficiency resulting in diminished or absent androgen production. For this reason, despite the male karyotype, phenotypically female individuals develop with normal female external genitalia, but lacking a uterus and having a short vagina. The male internal organs are also absent, apart from the large intra-abdominal testes. 3. Testicular parenchyma and tubular epithelium are arrested in a state of embryonic development, with severe degeneration of the tubular epithelium which do not contain cells at more developed stages of spermiogenesis. 4. Testicular feminisation is genetically conditioned and is due to a recessive, sex-linked gene which is transmitted by female animals. The frequency of occurrence of this gene and the incidence of the defect in the population appear to be very low.     

A review of porcine pathophysiology: a different approach to disease

Diseases are often thought to result from a single cause. Although this is sometimes the case, e.g. with a highly virulent infection such as Classical Swine Fever (CSF), more often clinical disease in swine herds results from multiple predisposing factors. This is especially true in modern intensive pig husbandry, in which the role of highly infectious diseases is limited to (nonetheless devastating) outbreaks. More important nowadays are diseases, although associated with an agent, without a clear pathogenesis. The emphasis in disease control thus far has been on treatment, eradication and prevention. This has been achieved by focusing attention on husbandry factors, such as climate, housing, hygiene, management, and nutrition. Although this approach has been successful for a number of diseases, several health problems are persistent. There are strong indications that in the latter, intrinsic animal factors are important. Successful handling of these problems requires knowledge of the (patho)physiology of the pig. In this article, several characteristics of pig physiology associated with the occurrence of disease are described. It appears that the modern (fattening) pig is exceptional among other animal species in that its cardiovascular system is mismatched to its body weight. It is argued that this particular disposition causes relatively minor disturbances to have major consequences in the pig. This concept of pig physiology is central to the understanding of the hitherto poorly understood pathogenesis of several diseases, such as oedema disease.     

Feinstruktur des Ammonshornes von Rind, Schaf und Ziege

Hippocampi of 8 cattle, 12 sheep and 17 goats of both sexes and of different ages were studied light and electronmicroscopically.     

Die Anordnung der Blutgefäśe in der Haut beim Schwein zum Zeitpunkt der Geburt

The present report is part of a study of the development and distribution of blood vessels in the skin of various domestic animals. Twenty-six newborn pigs were injected with a mixture of equal parts of India ink and bovine serum. The fixed skin was dehydrated and cleared. The formation and pattern of the cutaneous arterial networks and venous plexuses were studied.