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321.
Cong He Jia-Rui Niu Cheng-Tang Xu Shou-Wei Han Wei Bai Qiu-Lai Song Yash Pal Dang Hai-Lin Zhang 《Soil Use and Management》2022,38(2):1146-1161
Northeast China, the important grain-producing region in China, is under threat from soil degradation because of long-term conventional tillage (CT). The adoption of conservation tillage is anticipated to restore soil fertility, maintain crop yields and enhance sustainability. However, the integrated effects of conservation tillage practice on crop yields and soil organic carbon (SOC) remain unclear. In this meta-analysis of peer-reviewed studies conducted in the Northeast China region, we assess crop yields and SOC values under no-till, ridge tillage and subsoiling tillage practices. The results indicate that in areas with mean annual temperatures (MAT) below 3°C, crop yields were significantly (p < .05) higher under ridge tillage (0.8%) and subsoiling tillage (13.1%) compared with CT, whereas yields reduced under no-till (−3.7%). Ridge tillage generally had a similar effect on crop yield as no-till, without the negative impact in colder regions. We also report that no-till practice increased SOC concentrations by 24.1%, 43.9% and 17.4% in areas of higher temperature (MAT > 6°C), low mean annual precipitation (MAP) (<500 mm) and continuous cropping conditions, respectively. Ridge tillage and subsoiling tillage also had positive effects on SOC concentrations (to a lesser degree than no-till), indicating that conservation tillage can enhance SOC in Northeast China. Overall, the implementation of different conservation tillage measures in Northeast China was found to enhance crop yields and sequester carbon. We recommend that ridge tillage is used in colder areas and that subsoiling tillage is used in rotation with other tillage measures to maintain crop yields. 相似文献
322.
Saroha Ankit Pal Deepa Kaur Vikender Kumar Sandeep Bartwal Arti Aravind J. Radhamani J. Rajkumar S. Kumar Rajesh Gomashe Sunil S. Sengupta Abhishek Wankhede Dhammaprakash Pandhari 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(1):315-333
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Assessment of genetic diversity and extent of trait variation among germplasm accessions facilitate the effective use of genetic resources for varietal... 相似文献
323.
Ashis Maity Jyotsana Sharma Ananta Sarkar Amarja K. More Ram K. Pal Vinayak P. Nagane Arnab Maity 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(4):923-937
Pomegranate bacterial blight disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae is one of the most serious threat to the pomegranate industry in India. So far, the chemicals used to control this pathogen alone are less effective. In this article, an attempt was made to supplement chemical control through improving the systemic acquired resistance of plant using nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and salicylic acid (SA) as elicitor. The study revealed that foliar application of SA at the rate of 300 ppm increased above-ground dry mass of plant by 64.97%, improved chlorophyll content of leaves and resulted higher concentration of macro-elements and micro-elements, particularly Mn and Zn, in leaves. It also significantly increased the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and peroxidase. However, the maximum response of SA was recorded when it was sprayed after soil application of N at 100% of the recommended dose. As a consequence, this combination recorded the least bacterial blight infection with average severity of 11.58% followed by without-N application under challenge inoculation of the pathogen. However, sustainable production cannot be realized without N application. The integration of this strategy for activation of defence mechanism of plant with the bactericide streptocycline resulted in further reduction of bacterial blight disease incidence and severity under field condition to very low levels (3.84% and 18.57% respectively). 相似文献
324.
Weeds pose a major challenge at the initial stages of sugarcane and when uncontrolled cause high yield losses. This study was undertaken to define a better and cost-effective weed management strategy. We compared ametryn + trifloxysulfuron-sodium (hereafter referred to as trifloxysulfuron) ready-mixes with single applications of trifloxysulfuron, atrazine and 2,4-D for efficacy, non-target and residual toxicities, yield and profitability in a sugarcane–green gram rotation. Results showed that a density of 100 weeds m?2 could reduce sugarcane yield by 18.4 t ha?1. The ready-mix ametryn + trifloxysulfuron (1097.3 + 27.8) g a.i. ha?1 applied 15 days after planting (DAP) caused reductions in weed density by 88.2%, 90.9%, and 90.3%, and weed biomass by 68.0%, 53.8%, and 56.2% compared to unweeded control at 30, 60, and 90 DAP, respectively. Consequently, the sugarcane yield, system productivity, and net returns were increased by 92.1%, 43.5%, and 1515%, respectively due to this ready-mix. It increased system productivity by 23%, 17.2%, and 22.7% compared to trifloxysulfuron, atrazine, and 2,4-D treatments, respectively. This ready-mix may be recommended in sugarcane. This would reduce weed seed bank and herbicide application cost by 50%, and prevent/delay weed shift and resistance. 相似文献
325.
Rakesh Kumar Saurabh Sharma Swati Sood Munish Kaundal Vijai K. Agnihotri 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(11):1604-1615
A field experiment was conducted to study different manures and inorganic fertilizers effect on damask rose during 2008–2012. The rose essential oil (EO) was obtained by hydro distillation in Clevenger type apparatus and the components in the rose oil were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Application of 90:80:90 kg nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium (NPK) ha?1 outshine all other treatments and recorded significantly higher flower and oil yield as compared to control. EO yield was also significantly correlated with flower yield plant?1, number of flowers plant,?1 and flower yield ha?1. The higher percentage of citronellol+nerol was obtained by the application of 120:40:90 kg NPK ha?1. Geraniol (26.2%) was maximum when the plants were fertilized with 90:40:90 kg NPK ha?1. Citronellol+nerol/geraniol ratio was also high in fertilized plots. Furthermore, manure application resulted in a marked improvement in chemical properties (pH, percent organic carbon, available N, P, and K) of the soil. 相似文献