江汉平原水稻白叶枯病菌致病型的变异研究

 从水稻和稻田周围常见的10种杂草上来集梨孢属菌株,以涂沫法作交互接种,分离自牛筋草、狗尾草、法氏狗尾草、李氏禾、罗氏草、铺地黍、稗和马唐的梨孢菌与分离自水稻的梨孢菌可以交叉侵染其寄主,茭白和碎米莎草梨孢菌与稻梨孢菌不能交互侵染;自然诱发条件下来自牛筋草和狗尾草的梨孢菌与来自水稻的梨孢菌对其寄主同样发生交叉侵染。直接从杂草寄主上分离的梨孢菌株对水稻的致病性较弱,接种到水稻感病品种发病后再分离的菌株,对水稻致病性增强,对原寄主的致病性基本保持不变。推断稻瘟病区稻田周围牛筋草、狗尾草、法氏狗尾草、李氏禾、罗氏草、铺地黍、稗和马唐等杂草寄主上的梨孢菌在稻瘟病菌的积累和传播方面具有作用。     

草鱼呼肠孤病毒生长特性研究

以草鱼呼肠孤病毒(GCRV)873毒株为试验材料,建立了GCRV荧光定量PCR检测方法;用GCRV873株感染CIK细胞及草鱼,通过对病毒RNA复制水平、子代病毒含量以及细胞病变等情况进行监测,研究其在CIK细胞及草鱼体内的生长特性。在CIK细胞中,GCRV感染后12 h即可检测到子代病毒,36 h时,所有细胞被感染;72 h时,病毒滴度达到最高,为10~(6.75) TCID_(50)/mL。在草鱼的肝、脾、肾中,均能检测到GCRV RNA,其中肾脏中含量最高,其次是肝脏,脾脏中最少。本试验为研究GCRV致病机理及制备细胞灭活疫苗奠定了试验基础。     

遵义市辣椒产业发展的现状、问题与对策

本文概述了遵义市辣椒产业发展的基本情况及存在的问题,进一步提出了当前遵义辣椒产业发展的思路与措施。     

Concentration variations of several ions in stream after a wildfire

In May 2006, a high intensity wildfire occurred in Songling forest region in Daxing＇an Mountains, China. The concentration changes of eight ions （K^＋, Na^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Cl^-, Br^-, NO3^- and SO4^2-） were measured in burned and tmbumed streams after fire from May to Oct., 2006. Results show that the most ions flux were higher in burned stream than that in unburned stream during the sampling period, and the greatest concentrations of most ions transported from burned stream occurred in July. After fire, the most amplitude chemical ion was Ca^2＋, whose average concentration was 5.50 mg·L^-1 higher than that in unburned stream, and the total concentration of every chemical ion presents a trend Ca^2＋〉SO4^2- 〉Na^＋〉Mg^2＋〉NO3^- . The average concentrations of Ca^2＋, SO4^2- , Na^＋＇Mg^2＋,NO3^- showed an increase trend, but those of K^＋, Cl^- , Br had a decreased trend. SO4^2- had the largest loss among these anions, followed by NO3^-. Overall, the increase degree of cation was greater than that of anion after burning.     

动态载荷下基于声发射技术的杨木破坏过程检测

利用声发射检测和力学试验相结合的方法,研究山杨木材在动态载荷下的声发射演变过程;结合木材粘弹性特点,通过声发射参数分析研究在不同受力阶段木材的声发射特点.结果表明:1)声发射信号幅值不连续,是跃迁的;材料断裂前声发射信号的幅值和能量比断裂后小,在断裂点对应声发射信号幅值和能量的局部极大值.2)随时间和载荷的变化,声发射累计撞击数和累计能量增加快慢可以体现杨木在受力条件下的完全弹性、弹性为主的弹塑性共存、塑性为主的弹塑性共存3种状态.3)声发射率和幅值参数可以预测材料纤维开始断裂进入危险期的第一"临界点"和材料大量纤维断裂进入严重危险期的第二"临界点",如果继续加载材料将会破坏断裂.     

杉木间伐材ACQ防腐与综合强化复合改性研究

在将ACQ与UF树脂调制成相容的复合改性剂对杉木间伐材进行复合改性研究的基础上,深入探索复合改性的机理与综合效果.对浸渍材与表面密实化处理相结合的优化工艺,当弦向压缩率为20%时各项力学性能指标均比素材增加51%以上;进行浸渍处理与ACQ或UF单独处理材经煮沸和抗水、酸、碱抽提的抗流失性对比试验及防腐试验,表明前者比后者有所提高;并采用铜离子跟踪法进行X-射线荧光光谱仪定量分析,测定了浸渍材复合改性剂的含量和分布情况,确认了一次性浸渍优化工艺参数的较佳效果.     

饲料中添加乳酸菌和三丁酸甘油酯对克氏原螯虾肠道菌群及非特异性免疫的影响

以基础饲料为对照(Ⅰ组),分别添加0.2％乳酸菌粉(Ⅱ组)、0.1％三丁酸甘油酯(Ⅲ组)、0.2％乳酸菌粉+0.1％三丁酸甘油酯(Ⅳ组),进行为期6周的生长试验,探究在饲料中添加乳酸菌和(或)三丁酸甘油酯对克氏原螯虾肠道菌群及非特异性免疫的影响.结果表明:①基于16SrDNA分析肠道微生物群落结构组成,变形菌门、柠檬杆...     

基于线粒体基因的新疆托氏兔遗传多样性和种群遗传结构评价

旨在利用线粒体基因测序方法评价新疆托氏兔的遗传多样性水平,并探究亚种间的遗传结构.本研究通过PCR扩增及测序技术,获得来自新疆北部、西北部以及中东部地区的共计78例新疆托氏兔线粒体DNA的CO1和D-LOOP基因序列,并采用生物信息学的方法进行数据分析.结果 表明,78个新疆托氏兔样本的合并序列共定义了68种单倍型,新...     

高大平房仓散装稻谷储粮害虫年消长动态研究

采用粮食多功能扦样器对重庆市铜梁国家粮食储备库高大平房仓储粮害虫的发生规律进行调查,结果表明高大平房仓内优势种群为玉米象和书虱,谷蠹和扁谷盗有少量发生,赤拟谷盗的发生很少;害虫发生绝大多数集中在表层和上层;粮仓中央多于四周;温度条件是影响害虫发生发展的主要因素.对储粮害虫种群数量进行相关性分析发现玉米象和书虱的种群数量与总虫数的相关性较高;从垂直分布规律看表层储粮害虫种群数量与总虫数的相关性最高;从水平分布规律看东南区域种群数量与总虫数的相关性最高,且绝大多数达到显著水平.     

Taxonomic and Bioactivity Characterizations of Mameliella alba Strain LZ-28 Isolated from Highly Toxic Marine Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella LZT09

Microalgae host varied microbial consortium harboring cross-kingdom interactions with fundamental ecological significance in aquatic ecosystems. Revealing the complex biofunctions of the cultivable bacteria of phycosphere microbiota is one vital basis for deeply understanding the mechanisms governing these dynamic associations. In this study, a new light-yellow pigmented bacterial strain LZ-28 was isolated from the highly-toxic and harmful algal bloom-forming dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella LZT09. Collective phenotypic and genotypic profiles were obtained to confidently identify this strain as a new Mameliella alba member. Comparative genomic analysis showed that strain LZ-28 shared highly similar functional features with other four marine algae-derived M. alba strains in spite of their distinctive isolation sources. Based on the bioactivity assaying, the mutual growth-promoting effects between bacterial strain LZ-28 and algal strain LZT09 were observed. After the culture conditions were optimized, strain LZ-28 demonstrated an extraordinary production ability for its bioflocculanting exopolysaccharides (EPS). Moreover, the portions of two monosaccharides glucose and fucose of the EPS were found to positively contribute to the bioflocculanting capacity. Therefore, the present study sheds light on the similar genomic features among the selected M. alba strains, and it also reveals the potential pharmaceutical, environmental and biotechnological implications of active EPS produced by this new Mameliella alba strain LZ-28 recovered from toxic bloom-forming marine dinoflagellate.