植物病毒卫星RNA生防制剂CMV-S52防治番茄病毒病

 1976年Kaper等发现,有些黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)中除含有CMV基因组RNA1-4外,还含有1种可伴随CMV复制的RNA5,称CMV卫星RNA,它的存在能够改变CMV在各种寄主上的症状及其严重程度,还能干扰CMV-RNA1-4的复制,降低植株内病毒浓度。     

牛蒡矮化类病毒的研究——Ⅲ.病叶组织的超微结构

 对含有牛蒡矮化类病毒(BSV) RNA-1和RNA-2的病叶组织和健叶组织进行了固定、包埋、切片及电镜观察。在含BSV RNA-1及BSV RNA-2的病叶切片中均未观察到病毒颗粒。在有病细胞的旁壁体与健康的不同,病细胞中观察到畸变的旁壁体,有的似风轮状。而健康细胞中未观察到。健叶和病叶细胞的叶绿体和细胞核等细胞器未观察到明显的区别。     

Separation of selenium, zinc, and copper compounds in bovine whey using size exclusion chromatography linked to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

To study the role of trace elements for the quality and nutritional value of bovine milk, the distribution of selenium, zinc, and copper in whey was investigated using a method linking size exclusion chromatography to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SEC-ICP-MS). Three major peaks were detected for selenium, two peaks for zinc, and five peaks for copper. More than 65% of the selenium was found in protein fractions, mainly in fractions coinciding with the major whey proteins beta-lactoglobulin and alpha-lactalbumin. All zinc was associated with low molecular weight compounds (<5 kDa) and one of these compounds was probably citrate. More than 60% of the copper eluted in protein fractions and two of the five major peaks probably contained metallothionein and citrate. This method was used to compare milk and whey produced by organic and conventional feeding procedures. The selenium content in whey and desalted milk produced using organic regimens was significantly lower than that in conventional samples. Moreover, the proportion of selenium in protein fractions of organic whey was significantly smaller than that in conventional whey, but the distributions of zinc and copper did not differ. This study showed that with the SEC-ICP-MS technique the distribution profiles of several trace elements in whey could be studied in the same run and that the selenium profile differed in whey produced by organic and conventional procedures.     

Prevalence of Fasciola in cattle and of its intermediate host Lymnaea snails in central Vietnam

The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of natural Fasciola infections in both the definitive hosts (cattle) and the intermediate hosts (Lymnaea snails) in central Vietnam. A total of 1,075 fecal samples, randomly collected from cattle in Binh Dinh, Khanh Hoa, and Phu Yen provinces, were examined for Fasciola eggs by a sedimentation method. The overall prevalence of Fasciola was 45.3?%. A subset of the animals (235) was also screened for antibodies against Fasciola by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Overall, 46.3?% of these animals were shedding Fasciola eggs while 87.2?% were Fasciola seropositive. A lower prevalence of Fasciola was observed in calves ??2?years of age (37.6?%) compared to that in cattle >2?years of age (53.7?%) (p?<?0.05). The prevalence in the rainy season (50.8?%) was significantly different to that in the dry season (38.1?%) (p?<?0.05). Of the 3.269 Lymnaea viridis and 1.128 Lymnaea swinhoei examined, 31 (0.95?%) and seven (0.62?%), respectively, were found to be infected with Fasciola. This appears to be the first epidemiological survey of the prevalence of Fasciola in cattle and snails in these three provinces in central Vietnam.