全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5519篇 |
免费 | 248篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 423篇 |
农学 | 183篇 |
基础科学 | 35篇 |
1101篇 | |
综合类 | 877篇 |
农作物 | 231篇 |
水产渔业 | 344篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 2002篇 |
园艺 | 176篇 |
植物保护 | 399篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 33篇 |
2022年 | 54篇 |
2021年 | 84篇 |
2020年 | 135篇 |
2019年 | 126篇 |
2018年 | 135篇 |
2017年 | 121篇 |
2016年 | 130篇 |
2015年 | 110篇 |
2014年 | 131篇 |
2013年 | 259篇 |
2012年 | 303篇 |
2011年 | 382篇 |
2010年 | 220篇 |
2009年 | 168篇 |
2008年 | 310篇 |
2007年 | 317篇 |
2006年 | 291篇 |
2005年 | 289篇 |
2004年 | 264篇 |
2003年 | 271篇 |
2002年 | 256篇 |
2001年 | 64篇 |
2000年 | 71篇 |
1999年 | 82篇 |
1998年 | 56篇 |
1997年 | 53篇 |
1996年 | 54篇 |
1995年 | 39篇 |
1994年 | 47篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 39篇 |
1991年 | 46篇 |
1990年 | 46篇 |
1989年 | 42篇 |
1988年 | 38篇 |
1987年 | 39篇 |
1986年 | 54篇 |
1985年 | 32篇 |
1984年 | 43篇 |
1983年 | 35篇 |
1982年 | 36篇 |
1981年 | 27篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 23篇 |
1978年 | 27篇 |
1977年 | 26篇 |
1975年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 24篇 |
1972年 | 20篇 |
排序方式: 共有5771条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Steinbach G Methner U Springer S Lindner T Selbitz HJ 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(3-4):124-129
LPS antibody reaction of S. Typhimurium was detected in a total of 111 two- to ten-week-old pigs, which had been exposed to experimental oral infection with this serovar in 16 separate experiments. The total antibody level was determined according to the meat juice ELISA provided for the Salmonella control programme and the antibody concentrations of the isotopes IgG1, IgG2, IgA and IgM. Although there were significant differences between the individual experiments with respect to the reaction intensity and proportion of the individual immune globulin isotypes, the following general statements on the dynamics of the antibody reaction can be made: Clearly elevated antibody levels could be observed one week after the onset of infection. After one and two weeks, respectively, 22.5 and 52.9% of the infected animals showed antibody levels which were to be evaluated as positive in the sense of the Salmonella control programme (> or = 40%). While the concentration of the IgM-related antibodies decreased again during the second week already, the antibody concentration of IgG1 and IgG2 continued to increase until the end of the experiment after 3 weeks. The clear differences in the reactions between the experiments cannot be explained solely by defined conditions of infection such as strain of infection, infective dose or age of the pigs. Obviously, other non-defined or non-recognized factors may have a decisive influence on the dynamics of the antibody reaction in the animal groups. 相似文献
102.
Kinzel S Hein S Stopinski T Koch J Buecker A Treusacher HP Schmachtenberg A Jansen T Eble M Küpper W 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(3-4):134-138
This study describes the experience with hypofractionated radiation therapy of squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma in dogs and cats. A total dose of 32-48 Gray (Gy) was delivered once a week in 8 Gy fractions. 34 animals in which a complete surgical excision was impossible were treated. There was no tumor detectable macroscopically in 14 patients at the beginning of radiation therapy. In 20 animals the median volume of the tumor was 9.9 cm3. The median survival times and the local tumor control of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral and nasal cavities and of the body are comparable to results which were reached with a Monday-Wednesday-Friday scheme. For the treatment of Melanoma the hypofractionated radiation therapy is first choice. There are no significant side effects. Late side effects did not occur. 88% of the owners are satisfied with this kind of treatment and would choose it again. 相似文献
103.
104.
105.
Adherence to various host cell lines of Mycoplasma bovis strains differing in pathogenic and cultural features 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thomas A Sachse K Dizier I Grajetzki C Farnir F Mainil JG Linden A 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,91(2-3):101-113
Mycoplasma bovis is known to be responsible for pneumonia and arthritis in calves, as well as mastitis in dairy cows. Despite clear evidence of its pathogenic potential, little is known about mechanisms of cytadherence and the molecular factors involved. The purpose of this work was to compare adherence rates of M. bovis field strains to different host cell lines and study the effects of cloning and sub-culturing M. bovis strains on their adherence properties. Eighteen metabolically labeled M. bovis strains isolated from different pathological backgrounds were examined in adherence trials using four different host cell lines, i.e. embryonic bovine lung (EBL), embryonic bovine trachea (EBTr), Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) and rabbit kidney (RK) cells. Although large interstrain variations in adherence rates (3.4-19.1%) were measured they could not be correlated to the pathological background (pneumonia, arthritis or mastitis). Adherence rates to the fibroblast cell line (EBTr) were significantly lower than those to the three epithelial cell lines (EBL, MDBK and RK). The only non-pathogenic strain (221/89) exhibited lower adherence rates than three isolates from clinical mastitis. Interestingly, adherence rates were significantly reduced after in vitro passaging. In contrast, no effect of single cloning of strains on adherence was observed. There was no general correlation between expression of variable surface proteins (Vsps) as monitored by immunoblotting and adherence rates, although alterations in Vsp expression profiles were seen as a consequence of passaging. As there is probably a large number of adhesins, variable and non-variable, on the surface of M. bovis cells the issue is very complex, and the most active components have yet to be identified. 相似文献
106.
Deboer DJ Schafer JH Salsbury CS Blum JR Beale KM Vitale CB Muse R Moriello KA Garfield RA Keefe TJ McArthur TR 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(3):408-413
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide topical solution (TTS) in dogs for use in reduction of clinical signs of pruritic inflammatory skin diseases of a known or suspected allergic basis and to evaluate adverse effects associated with TTS administration. ANIMALS: 103 pruritic adult dogs with known or suspected allergic skin disease. PROCEDURE: Dogs were treated for 4 weeks with TTS or with vehicle solution (control dogs) in a multiple-center study. Clinical signs were scored by owners and by examining veterinarians before and after treatment. Blood samples obtained before and after treatment were subjected to routine hematologic and serum biochemical analyses. RESULTS: Treatment success, as defined by an improvement of at least 2 of 6 grades in overall clinical score, was evident in 35 of 52 (67%) TTS-treated dogs (mean improvement, 1.98) and 12 of 51 (24%) control dogs (mean improvement, 0.29). For several criteria, TTS was significantly more effective than vehicle in reducing clinical signs. Minor alterations in hematologic determinations in TTS-treated dogs were limited to slightly lower total leukocyte, lymphocyte, and eosinophil counts after treatment. Minor adverse effects were reported by owners in 6 of 52 (12%) TTS-treated and 9 of 51 (18%) control dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Triamcinolone used as a spray solution at a concentration approximately one-sixth the concentration of triamcinolone topical preparations currently available for veterinary use is effective for short-term alleviation of allergic pruritus in dogs. Adverse effects are few and mild and, thus, do not preclude prolonged treatment with the solution. 相似文献
107.
Sting R Kopp J Mandl J Seeh C Seemann G Kimmig P Schmitt K Mentrup T 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2002,115(9-10):360-365
Investigations of 1167 dairy cows out of 105 herds with fertility disorders on secretion of Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) by the genitals as well as serological studies of these animals using ELISA demonstrated that C. burnetii infections are significantly associated with abortions but not with repeated inseminations without success or vaginal excretions. The demonstration of an increased risk of infections for persons caring for those dairy herds could be shown by a total of 253 serological studies. A comparison of these studies of farmers caring for dairy herds suffering from abortions a seroprevalence of > or = 20% showed that these persons revealed significantly more frequent antibodies against C. burnetii than farmers of the group compared with. Further studies showed that in herds suffering from abortions a seroprevalence of > or = 20% means an additional risk of infections of farmers. Vice versa abortions of the cows in herds with a seroprevalence of > or = 20% imply an additional infectious risk. 相似文献
108.
109.
Winchell WW Hardy J Levine DM Parker TS Gordon BR Saal SD 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(10):1370-1378
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a phospholipid emulsion (PLE) on the initial response of horses to administration of endotoxin. ANIMALS: 12 healthy adult horses. PROCEDURES: Horses were assigned to 2 treatment groups (6 horses/group). The control group was administered 1 L of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, and the treated group was administered PLE (200 mg/kg, IV); treatments were administered during a period of 120 minutes. An infusion of endotoxin was initiated in both groups starting 1 hour after initiation of the saline or PLE solutions. Physical examination and hemodynamic variables were recorded, and blood samples were analyzed for concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin-6, thromboxane B2 (TxB2), 6 keto-prostaglandin F (PGF)1alpha, total leukocyte count, and PLE concentrations. An ANOVA was used to detect significant differences. RESULTS: Administration of PLE resulted in significantly lower rectal temperature, heart rate, cardiac output, right atrial pressure, and pulmonary artery pressure and higher total leukocyte counts in treated horses, compared with values for control horses. The TNF-alpha concentration was significantly less in treated horses than in control horses. The TxB2 and 6 keto-PGFF1alpha concentrations were significantly different between treated and control horses at 30 minutes (TxB2) and at 30 and 60 minutes (6 keto-PGF1alpha). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Prior infusion of PLE in horses administered a low dose of endotoxin decreased rectal temperature, heart rate, pulmonary artery pressure, and TNF-alpha concentrations. Results of this study support further evaluation of PLE for use in the treatment of horses with endotoxemia. 相似文献
110.
Larsen RS Nutter FB Augspurger T Rocke TE Tomlinson L Thomas NJ Stoskopf MK 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(1):80-85
OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical features of avian vacuolar myelinopathy (AVM) in American coots. DESIGN: Case-control study. ANIMALS: 26 AVM-affected American coots and 12 unaffected coots. PROCEDURES: Complete physical, neurologic, hematologic, and plasma biochemical evaluations were performed. Affected coots received supportive care. All coots died or were euthanatized, and AVM status was confirmed via histopathologic findings. RESULTS: 3 severely affected coots were euthanatized immediately after examination. Seventeen affected coots were found dead within 7 days of admission, but 5 affected coots survived > 21 days and had signs of clinical recovery. Abnormal physical examination findings appeared to be related to general debilitation. Ataxia (88%), decreased withdrawal reflexes (88%), proprioceptive deficits (81%), decreased vent responses (69%), beak or tongue weakness (42%), and head tremors (31%), as well as absent pupillary light responses (46%), anisocoria (15%), apparent blindness (4%), nystagmus (4%), and strabismus (4%) were detected. Few gross abnormalities were detected at necropsy, but histologically, all AVM-affected coots had severe vacuolation of white matter of the brain. None of the control coots had vacuolation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Although there was considerable variability in form and severity of clinical neurologic abnormalities, clinical signs common in AVM-affected birds were identified. Clinical recovery of some AVM-affected coots can occur when supportive care is administered. Until the etiology is identified, caution should be exercised when rehabilitating and releasing coots thought to be affected by AVM. 相似文献