延边地区强化技术改造的对策与建议

对延边地区技术改造的投资分配、应遵循的原则提出了对策与建议．     

万年蒿中肉桂酸类成分研究

从蒿属植物万年蒿(Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb.)地上部分首次分得四个肉桂酸类化合物。经理化常数测定,光谱(红外光谱,核磁共振光谱,质谱)分析,分别鉴定为邻一羟基肉桂酸酯甙(O-hydroxycinnamoyl-β-D-glupranoside Ⅰ),邻一羟基肉桂酸(O-hydroxycinnamic acid Ⅱ),咖啡酸(caffeic acid Ⅲ),2.5—二羟基肉桂酸(2.5-dihydroxycinnamic acid Ⅳ)。     

翻转犁限位块形状的反求分析与设计

以JD型液压翻转犁为模型机 ,运用反求工程技术 ,对其限深轮换位机构的限位块进行反求分析和研究 ,建立了其结构形状优化设计的数学模型 ,为零件的形状优化提供了一种新的思路和方法。同时将反求结果用于1LF— 335液压翻转犁 ,该犁已投入批量生产 ,限位块工作性能良好。     

马铃薯离体块茎发育过程中的关键因子及其与蛋白质组分的关系

 利用多元相关、通径分析及线性回归分析等手段 ,针对马铃薯离体块茎发育过程中各影响因子对块茎发育的贡献程度进行分析。结果表明 :平均薯重、质体 Mg2 + - ATP酶活性、质体 Ca2 + - ATP酶活性、线粒体 Mg2 + - ATP酶活性、总可溶性蛋白含量、块茎平均直径、Q酶活性等是影响块茎产量的重要因素 ,其中平均薯重、质体 Mg2 + - ATP酶活性、质体 Ca2 + - ATP酶活性、线粒体 Mg2 + - ATP酶活性等是影响离体块茎发育的关键因子。所得线性回归方程为 :Y=0 .5 2 11+0 .0 5 95 X(1) +0 .8389X(2 ) +0 .0 882 X(3) - 0 .0 0 73X(4) +0 .144 9X(5 ) +0 .35 10 X(6 ) +0 .0 0 31X(7) -0 .0 0 0 0 3X(8) +0 .34 12 X(9) +0 .0 12 7X(10 ) +0 .2 90 4X(11) +0 .0 5 70 X(12 ) +0 .0 15 9X(13) +0 . 35 85 X(14) +0 .0 134 X(15 ) - 0 .10 12 X(16 )。在此基础上 ,对于影响离体块茎发育的各关键因子与块茎蛋白质组分的关系进行分析 ,找到了一些可能与发育中这些重要性状相关的蛋白质组分。即总可溶性蛋白组分中 A4、B1、B8、C8,质体蛋白组分中A4及线粒体蛋白组分中的 A4与 B2等 ,对于马铃薯离体块茎晚期发育具有重要作用。     

甘草种间抗锈性研究初报

甘草锈病[Uromyces glycyrrhizae(Raben)Magn]是甘草上的一种重要病害,特别是人工栽培的甘草受害更重,从叶片到茎杆,直到从根蘖节生出的新芽都能受害,严重时造成落叶,新芽抽不出,甚至死亡,经过系统地调查研究,发现甘草种间抗锈性差异显著,光果甘草(Glycyrrhiza glabra)抗锈性较强,乌拉尔甘草(G.u-ralensis)次之,胀果甘草(G.inflata)感病性较强.此研究为今后人工栽培甘草和继续进行甘草种间抗锈性研究提供了可靠的参考依据.     

“生物统计方法”课程题库建设与测试评价

以统编教材《田间试验和统计方法》中“生物统计方法”课程内容为主,根据经典测试理论建成“生物统计方法”课程题库,适用于农业高等院校农学类不同专业、不同对象、不同内容、不同时期及不同长度的测试.本科生测试 A,B,C 及研究生入学测试 D 的测试平均区分度、信度、效度分别为0.35,0.77,0.32,低区分度(D<0.1)题目占测试分数比例均在16%以下,自学测试 E 区分度为0.49.实例分析表明,题库组卷可控性强、难度适宜、区分度及信度较高。但是判断题目难度(0.14)及区分度(0.17)平均值偏低且平均变异系数(CV%)偏高(90.8%及135.3%).在题库定期更新中应注意改善判断及选择题目的参数估计及命题质量.     

恒定磁场对小麦种子的生物物理机制研究

根据恒定磁场促进小麦种子三磷酸腺甙（ＡＴＰ）含量增加的作用,建立了线粒体在恒定磁场中的理论模型,并应用物理和生物化学的方法对模型进行了讨论,得出线粒体在恒定磁场下获得能量,得种子ＡＴＰ增加的根本原因。     

Fitting growth with the von Bertalanffy growth function: a comparison of three approaches of multivariate analysis of fish growth in aquaculture experiments

Three approaches for multivariate analysis of fish growth in aquaculture experiments with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus L.) based on the von Bertalanffy growth curve are presented and compared. The approaches are: an extended Gulland‐and‐Holt (GH) plot, a forced extended GH plot and a multilinear regression analysis for the growth parameter K. All three models provide valuable insight into the major environmental factors influencing the daily growth rate and explain 28–46% of the variance of the observed daily growth rate of the used data set. For all three methods, the modelled parameter is significantly related to the net yield of Nile tilapia and can, therefore, be used for the predictive modelling of management scenarios. The extended GH plot loads the influence of environmental parameters upon L_∞, while the forced extended GH plot and Direct fitting of K load the influence on the growth parameter K. The latter is more in the tradition of aquaculture research. But the forced extended GH plot and Direct fitting of K can only be applied if L_∞ of the cultured species is known, as the selected L_∞ influences the variance in the regression variables.     

Functional characterization of Farfantepenaeus californiensis, Litopenaeus vannamei and L. stylirostris haemocyte separated using density gradient centrifugation

Haemocytes from penaeid shrimp (Farfantepenaeus californiensis, Litopenaeus vannamei and L. stylirostris) were separated using a discontinuous Percoll gradient. Shrimp haemocytes were spontaneously adhered to glass, allowing slide preparations for staining and microscopic differential counting. Like other crustaceans, shrimp has three main populations differing in presence and size of cytoplasmic granules and each population seems to be biochemical or functionally compromised. Prophenoloxidase (proPO )activity was mainly located in large granules haemocytes (75%) while the small granules cells participate with 25%, but seem to be responsible for encapsulation. Haemocyte discrimination ability was tested using Sephadex? (Seph?), DEAE‐Seph? and CM‐Seph?. Only DEAE‐Seph? was encapsulated by shrimp haemocytes and provoked the release of proPO activating system, indicating the role of particle charge in the activation of shrimp immune response.